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Article published In: Language and Linguistics
Vol. 23:3 (2022) ► pp.492–520

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海豐閩語持續體貌標記的特徵與來源

 | University of Macau
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Available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 license.

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Published online: 13 July 2022
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https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.00113.xu
抽象的
閩語的持續體貌表現形式及標記多與表處所的介詞結構有關，此為閩語學界公認的事實。然而，處於語言接觸地帶的海豐閩語「動作」、「狀態」、「事件」持續體貌卻分別由[to35]、[nin53]、[tsu22]三種不同標記表示。三種持續體貌標記形式特徵各異，狀態、事件持續體貌標記更是來源不明。本文運用語言接觸理論，通過比較論證，證明海豐閩語動作持續標記[to35]源於譜系一致，地緣關係密切的粵東潮汕閩語，狀態持續標記[nin53]則源於區域內接觸頻繁的客家話，事件持續標記[tsu22]與廣東、海南閩語具有類型一致特徵，是閩語表處所介詞結構簡省的結果。海豐閩語持續體貌標記的特徵及來源，對與海豐閩語一樣處在多語多方言接觸地帶的漢語方言，具有類型學意義。
The characteristics and sources of the durative aspectual markers in Haifeng Min dialects
It is recognized that durative aspects and aspectual markers are related to prepositional structures in the Min dialects. But, in the Haifeng Min dialect (HFM), which located in a language contact zone, there are three aspectual markers [to35], [nin53], [tsu22] to indicate duration of action, state, or event. The characteristics of these markers are varied and the sources of [nin53] and [tsu22] are unknown. To describe the characteristics of these markers and explore their sources, we have relied on the comparative method and the theory of language contact. We make the following conclusions: (1) [to35] must come from Chaoshan Min, because of geographic and genetic closeness to Haifeng Min; (2) [nin53] is from Hakka, due to constant contact with HFM; and (3) [tsu22] is traceable to HFM contact with Guangdong, Hainan, and other Southern Min dialects, which likewise omit prepositional structures. The characteristics and sources of the durative aspectual markers in HFM have typological significance for dialects located in multilingual/multidialectal zones.
Article outline
  • 1.前言
  • 2.閩南語的持續體貌形式與標記
  • 3.海豐閩語的持續體貌形式與標記
    • 3.1動作持續體貌形式與標記
    • 3.2狀態持續體貌形式與標記
      • 3.2.1動作狀態持續體貌形式與標記
      • 3.2.2結果狀態持續體貌形式與標記
      • 3.2.3伴隨狀態持續體貌形式
    • 3.3事件持續體貌形式與標記
  • 4.海豐閩語持續標記的來源
    • 4.1海豐閩語動作持續標記[to35]的來源
    • 4.2海豐閩語狀態持續標記[nin53]的來源
    • 4.3海豐閩語事件持續標記[tsu22]的來源
  • 5.結語
  • 謝辭
  • 筆記
  • 參考文獻
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