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Article published In: Language and Linguistics
Vol. 20:3 (2019) ► pp.387–416

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早期上海話位移事件的詞化類型

 | Shanghai University
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Available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 license.

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Article language: Chinese

Published online: 14 July 2019
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https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.00045.lin
抽象
早期上海話口語文獻顯示，雖然各類位移事件詞化結構皆有S型框架特徵，但無生自移事件S型框架傾向最強，其次是致移事件，而有生自移事件的V型框架傾向最明顯。位移事件內部詞化結構類型的差異反映了三者所受演變機制或者影響程度之別：雖然雙音節化和語義要素分離成為漢語位移事件向S型框架轉變的重要機制，但早期上海話中致移事件的詞化類型主要受制於連動結構語法化為動趨式的制約，有生自移事件卻借雙音節化使V型框架特徵更為穩定，無生自移事件因語義表達需要更青睞S型框架結構。研究表明，演變機制對詞化類型的制約作用並非均衡的，也非線性的，而是具有複雜性。
Abstract
Types of lexicalization in motion events in early Shanghai dialect
Our statistical work on data in the early Shanghai dialect shows us that non-agentive motion events are more likely to encode the information of motion events as satellite-framed languages than agentive motion events are, and self-agentive motion events tend to encode it according to verb-framed languages, even though among these three kinds of motion events there is a common tendency to encode motion events as satellite-framed languages. The differences in encoding motion events are the result of interaction between evolutionary mechanisms and motion events. On the one hand, we do acknowledge that the mechanisms of disyllabification of vocabulary and the split of semantic elements are both important evolutionary factors; while, on the other hand, we propose that a different evolutionary mechanism plays a different role in the evolution of the motion events which have been achieved. The evolution of serial verb constructions into verb-complement constructions is the main reason for agent motion events to shift to encoding the information of motion events from an equipollently-framed language to a satellite-framed language. The disyllabification of vocabulary makes self-agentive motion events more stable to encode it as a verb-framed language. However non-agentive motion events are more likely to encode the information of motion events as a satellite-framed language with regard to the need of semantic expression. In this case, we can conclude that it is the complicated influence of different evolutionary mechanisms that cause the complex types of encoding of information of motion events.
Article outline
  • 1.引言
  • 2.早期上海話位移事件的詞化類型
    • 2.1致移事件表達結構及詞化類型
      • 2.1.1「Pnd」
      • 2.1.2「VcPndPd/到+Loc+Pd」
      • 2.1.3「Vc+Pd」
    • 2.2有生自移事件表達結構及詞化類型
      • 2.2.1「Pnd」
      • 2.2.2「PndPd」
      • 2.2.3「VmPnd/到+Loc+Pd」
      • 2.2.4「VmPndPd」
    • 2.3無生自移事件表達結構及詞化類型
  • 3.早期上海話和官話位移事件詞化類型的差異
    • 3.1致移事件表達結構的對比分析
      • 3.1.1對「VcF+PndPd」的選擇之異
      • 3.1.2對「VcF+Pd」的選擇之異
      • 3.1.3對「VcPndF+Pd」的選擇之異
    • 3.2有生自移事件表達結構對比
    • 3.3無生自移事件表達結構對比
  • 4.從早期上海話看漢語位移事件詞化類型的演變機制
    • 4.1從早期上海話看致移事件的演變及機制
    • 4.2從早期上海話看自移事件的演變及機制
  • 5.結語
  • 謝辭
  • 筆記
  • 縮寫對照表
  • 引用文獻
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