Article published In: Language and Linguistics
Vol. 20:3 (2019) ► pp.469–492
「數＋量＋之／的＋名」的歷時語義演變
Available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 license.
For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at rights@benjamins.nl.
Article language: Chinese
Published online: 14 July 2019
https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.00041.zha
https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.00041.zha
抽象
本文探討上古漢語至近代漢語中「數＋量＋之／的＋名」形式、功能兩個層面的發展演變。形式方面，由先秦時期的「數＋量＋之＋名」發展爲宋元以後的「數＋量＋的＋名」，以及元代出現的「數1＋量1＋數2＋量2＋的＋名」；功能方面，「數＋量＋之／的＋名」由初始的純描寫型結構發展出計量功能。我們認爲，不同類型的數詞和量詞對「數＋量＋的＋名」這一結構的語義變化有重要影響。具體來說，當「數＋量＋之／的＋名」這一結構的數詞爲高位數詞、約數詞時，它一般表描寫功能；低位確數詞進入該結構促使計量功能的產生。個體量詞在該結構的大量使用進一步加速了該結構從描寫到計量的轉化。
關鍵詞: 「數＋量＋之／的＋名」, 數詞, 量詞, 歷時語義演變
On the semantic function of [numeral+classifier+zhi/de+noun]: A historical perspective
On the semantic function of [numeral+classifier+zhi/de+noun]: A historical perspective
This article examines how the semantic function of [numeral+classifier+zhi/de+noun] evolves from the Pre-Qin periods to Qing Dynasty. It starts off from a descriptive function, from which a quantity-denoting function develops since late Tang Dynasty. These two functions are associated with two distinct structures, so numeral-classifier has structurally changed from [NP [FP [QP Num-Cl] zhi ]N] to [QP [Num-Cl (zhi/de)][NPN]]]. We will also discuss how different types of numerals and classifiers may affect the semantic function of the sequence of [numeral+classifier+zhi/de+noun].
Article outline
- 1.引言
- 2.「描寫型」和「計量型」數量短語的判定
- 3.發展脈絡
- 3.1先秦「數＋量＋之＋名」
- 3.2唐五代「數＋量＋之＋名」
- 3.3宋元「數＋量＋之／的＋名」
- 3.4明清「數＋量＋的＋名」
- 4.「數＋量＋之／的＋名」結構的特殊形式
- 4.1「數＋量＋之／的＋形容詞」
- 4.2「數1＋量1＋數2＋量2＋的＋名」
- 5.數詞和量詞對「數＋量＋之／的＋名」結構的影響
- 6.結語
- 謝辭
- 笔记
參考文獻
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