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Article published In: Language and Linguistics
Vol. 19:3 (2018) ► pp.439–472

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宋室南渡與臨安官話對吳語的影響 – 若干詞彙、語法的例證 (Influence of the southern migration of the Song Dynasty on Wu dialects via Lin’an Guanhua: Lexical and syntactic evidence)

 | Fudan University
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Available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 license.

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Article language: Chinese

Published online: 4 July 2018
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https://doi.org/10.1075/lali.00016.she
抽象
本文主要討論宋室南渡之後，由官話區帶來的臨安官話對吳語詞彙、語法的影響。文章首先確定了某個成分是宋室南渡帶入吳語的工作假設：該成分來自官話而非吳語的固有形式，並且該成分是宋室南渡而非之前永嘉南渡帶入的。其次，文章舉了「東西」「項-」「立」「穿」「多少」及 V-neg-V 結構等六個詞彙、語法項作為例證，具體討論了臨安官話對吳語的影響。之後，文章從方言接觸的角度討論了所涉詞彙借用、語法複製、接觸模式等相關問題。
Abstract
Influence of the southern migration of the Song Dynasty on Wu dialects via Lin’an Guanhua: Lexical and syntactic evidence
This paper focuses on the linguistic influence of the Song Dynasty southern migration on Wu dialects, introduced by Lin’an Guanhua from a Mandarin source. We are here concerned with lexical and syntactic phenomena in particular. We first hypothesize that a Guanhua element was brought into Wu dialect territory during the Song southern migration, rather than as a result of the Disaster of Yongjia.
We then draw upon six bits of evidence: the lexical terms dongxi 東西, xiang 項, li 立, chuan 穿, duoshao 多少, and the V-neg-V construction to illustrate the influence of Lin’an Guanhua on Wu dialects to support the hypothesis. Lastly, the related phenomena are explained from the perspectives of lexical borrowing, grammatical replication, and patterns of dialect contact.
Article outline
  • 1.引言
    • 1.1宋室南渡和臨安官話
    • 1.2工作假設
      • 1.2.1如何確定是官源成分？
      • 1.2.2如何證明是宋室南渡的影響？
    • 1.3考察範圍及材料來源
  • 2.名詞
    • 2.1「東西」{物品}
      • 2.1.1地理分佈
      • 2.1.2歷史演變
    • 2.2「項頸」{脖子}
      • 2.2.1地理分佈
      • 2.2.2歷史演變
  • 3.動詞
    • 3.1「立」{站立}
      • 3.1.1地理分佈
      • 3.1.2歷史演變
    • 3.2「穿」{穿著}
      • 3.2.1地理分佈
      • 3.2.2歷史演變
  • 4.虛詞和語法結構
    • 4.1疑問代詞「多少」
      • 4.1.1地理分佈
      • 4.1.2歷史演變
    • 4.2反復問「V-neg-V」
      • 4.2.1地理分佈
      • 4.2.2歷史演變
  • 5.宋室南渡與方言接觸機制、接觸模式
    • 5.1接觸機制
      • 5.1.1詞彙借用
        • 5.1.1.1詞彙替換與底層干擾
        • 5.1.1.2相互妥協
      • 5.1.2語法借用與語法複製
    • 5.2方言接觸的兩種模式
  • 6.總結
  • 謝辭
  • 筆記
  • 參考文獻
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