In:Sound–Emotion Interaction in Poetry: Rhythm, Phonemes, Voice Quality
Reuven Tsur † and Chen Gafni
[Linguistic Approaches to Literature 39] 2022
► pp. 421–437
References
Published online: 3 June 2022
https://doi.org/10.1075/lal.39.refs
https://doi.org/10.1075/lal.39.refs
Addison, J. 1951. “Spectator
Papers.” In The Great
Critics, edited by Smith, J. H., and Parks, E. W., 819–25. New York: Norton.
Airas, M., and P. Alku. 2006. “Emotions
in Vowel Segments of Continuous Speech: Analysis of the Glottal Flow Using
the Normalised Amplitude
Quotient.” Phonetica 63 (1): 26–46.
Aristotle. 1932. Rhetoric
(Book I). Translated by Roberts, W. R. [URL].
Arnold, M. B., and J. A. Gasson. 1968. “Feelings
and Emotions as Dynamic Factors in Personality
Integration.” In The Nature of
Emotion, edited by Arnold, M. B., 203–221. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Aryani, A., M. Conrad, D. Schmidtke, and A. Jacobs. 2018. “Why
‘piss’ Is Ruder than ‘Pee’? The Role of Sound in Affective Meaning
Making.” Plos
One 13 (6).
Aryani, A., C. T. Hsu, and A. M. Jacobs. 2018. “The
Sound of Words Evokes Affective Brain
Responses.” Brain
Sciences 8 (6).
Aryani, A., M. Kraxenberger, S. Ullrich, A. M. Jacobs, and M. Conrad. 2016. “Measuring
the Basic Affective Tone of Poems via Phonological Saliency and
Iconicity.” Psychology of Aesthetics,
Creativity, and the
Arts 10 (2): 191–204.
Auracher, J. 2019. “Commentary
on Tsur and Gafni Methodological Issues in the Study of Phonetic
Symbolism.” Scientific Study of
Literature 9 (2): 230–39.
Auracher, J., S. Albers, Y. Zhai, G. Gareeva, and T. Stavniychuk. 2011. “P
Is for Happiness, N Is for Sadness: Universals in Sound Iconicity to Detect
Emotions in Poetry.” Discourse
Processes 48 (1): 1–25.
Auracher, J., M. Scharinger, and W. Menninghaus. 2019. “Contiguity-Based
Sound Iconicity: The Meaning of Words Resonates with Phonetic Properties of
Their Immediate Verbal Contexts.” PLoS
ONE 14 (5): 1–21.
Babits, M. 1937. “Esti
Kérdés (Evening Question).” In Összegyüjtött
Munkái, 66–67. Budapest, Hungary: Athenaeum.
2000. “‘Esti
Kérdés’ (Evening Question).” In Varietas
Delectat 3 [Recorded by F. Kállai;
CD]. Budapest, Hungary: Hungaroton.
Bachorowski, J. -A. 1999. “Vocal
Expression and Perception of
Emotion.” Current Directions in Psychological
Science 8 (2): 53–57.
Bakker, I., T. van der Voordt, P. Vink, and J. de Boon. 2014. “Pleasure,
Arousal, Dominance: Mehrabian and Russell
Revisited.” Current
Psychology 33 (3): 405–21.
Bänziger, T., and K. R. Scherer. 2005. “The
Role of Intonation in Emotional
Expressions.” Speech
Communication 46: 252–67.
Barney, T. 1990. “The
Forms of Enjambment.” Unpublished M.A.
Thesis, University of Lancaster.
1999. “Readers
as Text Processors and Performers: A New Formula for Poetic
Intonation.” Discourse
Processes 28 (2): 155–67.
Baudelaire, C. 1861. Les
Fleurs Du Mal. [URL].
Beardsley, M. C. 1958. Aesthetics,
Problems in the Philosophy of Criticism. New York and Burlingame, CA: Harcourt, Brace & World.
Berkovich-Ohana, A., J. Glicksohn, T. D. Ben-Soussan, and A. Goldstein. 2017. “Creativity
Is Enhanced by Long-Term Mindfulness Training and Is Negatively Correlated
with Trait Default-Mode-Related Low-Gamma Inter-Hemispheric
Connectivity.” Mindfulness 8 (3): 717–27.
Berliner, P. 1978. The
Soul of Mbira: Music and Traditions Ofthe Shona People of
Zimbabwe. Berkley: University of California Press.
Bierwisch, M. 1970. “Poetics
and Linguistics.” In Linguistics and Literary
Style, edited by Freeman, D. C., 97–115. New York, NY: Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Blake, R. R., and G.
V. Ramsey,
eds. 1951. Perception –
An Approach to Personality. New York: Ronald Press.
Blankenship, B. 1997. “The
Time Course of Breathiness and Laryngealization in
Vowels.” Master’s thesis, University of
California, Los Angeles.
Blasi, D. E., S. Wichmann, H. Hammarström, P. F. Stadler, and M. H. Christiansen. 2016. “Sound–Meaning
Association Biases Evidenced across Thousands of
Languages.” Proceedings of the National
Academy of
Sciences 113 (39): 10818–23.
Boersma, P. 1993. “Accurate
Short-Term Analysis of the Fundamental Frequency and the Harmonics-To-Noise
Ratio of a Sampled Sound.” Proceedings of the
Institute of Phonetic
Sciences 17: 97–110, .
Boersma, P., and D. Weenink. 2015. “Praat:
Doing Phonetics by Computer [Computer
Software].” [URL].
Bolinger, D. L. 1965. Forms
of English: Accent, Morpheme, Order. Edited
by Abe, I., and Kanekiyo, T. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Booth, J. R., N. Mehdiratta, D. D. Burman, and T. Bitan. 2008. “Developmental
Increases in Effective Connectivity to Brain Regions Involved in
Phonological Processing during Tasks with Orthographic
Demands.” Brain
Research 1189 (1): 78–89.
Bouwsma, O. K. 1961. “The
Expression Theory of Art.” In Aesthetics
Today, edited by Philipson, M., 145–168. Cleveland & New York: Meridian Books.
Brady, S., D. Shankweiler, and V. Mann. 1983. “Speech
Perception and Memory Coding in Relation to Reading
Ability.” Journal of Experimental Child
Psychology 35 (2): 345–67.
Bregman, A. 1996. “Stream
Segregation in a Cycle of Six
Tones.” 1996. [URL].
Bremner, A. J., S. Caparos, J. Davidoff, J. de Fockert, K. J. Linnell, and C. Spence. 2013. “‘Bouba’
and ‘Kiki’ in Namibia? A Remote Culture Make Similar Shape-Sound Matches,
but Different Shape-Taste Matches to
Westerners.” Cognition 126 (2): 165–72.
Brogan, T. V. F. 1981. English
Versification, 1570-1980: A Research
Guide. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Brown, R. 1966. “Language:
The System and Its Acquisition.” In Social
Psychology, edited by Brown, R., 246–305. New York: Free press.
Bruner, J. S., and D. Krech, eds. 1968. Perception
and Personality: A Symposium. New York: Greenwood Press.
Bullough, E. 1912. “‘Psychical
Distance’ as a Factor in Art and an Aesthetic
Principle.” British Journal of
Psychology 5: 87–118.
Burke, K. 1941. The
Philosophy of Literary Form: Studies in Symbolic
Action. Louisiana State University Press.
Byrne, B., and P. Shea. 1979. “Semantic
and Phonetic Memory Codes in Beginning
Readers.” Memory &
Cognition 7 (5): 333–38.
Carroll, L. 1872. Through
the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found
There. London: Macmillan and Co. [URL].
Clark, H. H. 1970. “Word
Associations and Linguistic Theory.” In New
Horizons in Linguistics, edited
by Lyons, J., 271–86. Harmondsworth: Pelican.
Coleridge, S. T. 1816. “Kubla
Khan.” In Christabel
&c., 3rd
ed., 55–58. London, United Kingdom: John Murray.
1994. “Kubla
Khan.” In Great Poets of the Romantic Age
[Recorded by M. Sheen; CD]. Redhill, Surrey, United Kingdom: Naxos AudioBooks.
1999. “Kubla
Khan.” In The Nations Favourite Lakeland
Poems [Recorded by A. Jennings; CD]. BBC Audiobooks.
2009. Samuel
Taylor Coleridge – The Major Works. Edited
by Jackson, H. J. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Cooper, G. W., and L. B. Meyer. 1960. The
Rhythmic Structure of
Music. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Crowder, R. G. 1982a. “A
Common Basis for Auditory Sensory Storage in Perception and Immediate
Memory.” Perception &
Psychophysics 31 (5): 477–83.
Crowder, R. G., and J. Morton. 1969. “Precategorical
Acoustic Storage (PAS).” Perception &
Psychophysics 5 (6): 365–73.
Crowder, R. G., and R. K. Wagner. 1992. The
Psychology of Reading: An Introduction. New York: Oxford University Press.
Cuskley, C., S. Kirby, and J. Simner. 2010. “Cross-Modality:
Reviving Iconicity in the Evolution of
Language.” In The Evolution Of
Language, 389–90.
2013. “Inside
the Letterbox: How Literacy Transforms the Human
Brain.” Cerebrum: The Dana Forum on Brain
Science, no. June: 7. [URL].
Delattre, P., M. Liberman, F. S. Cooper, and L. Gerstman. 1952. “An
Experimental Study of the Acoustic Determinants of Vowel Colour:
Observations on One- and Two- Formant Vowels Synthesized from Spectrographic
Patterns.” Word 8 (3): 195–210.
Dewey, G. 1923. Relativ
Frequency of English Speech
Sounds. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. [URL].
Dingemanse, M. 2012. “Advances
in the Cross-Linguistic Study of
Ideophones.” Language and Linguistics
Compass 6 (10): 654–72.
Dingemanse, M., D. E. Blasi, G. Lupyan, M. H. Christiansen, and P. Monaghan. 2015. “Arbitrariness,
Iconicity, and Systematicity in
Language.” Trends in Cognitive
Sciences 19 (10): 603–15.
Dingemanse, M., M. Perlman, and P. Perniss. 2020. “Construals
of Iconicity: Experimental Approaches to Form-Meaning Resemblances in
Language.” Language and
Cognition 12 (1): 1–14.
Dio, C. Di, M. Ardizzi, D. Massaro, G. Di Cesare, G. Gilli, A. Marchetti, and V. Gallese. 2016. “Human,
Nature, Dynamism: The Effects of Content and Movement Perception on Brain
Activations during the Aesthetic Judgment of Representational
Paintings.” Frontiers in Human
Neuroscience 9 (JAN2016): 705.
Dreyfus, H. L., and S. E. Dreyfus. 1986. Mind
over Machine: The Power of Human Intuition and Expertise in the Era of the
Computer. New York: Free press.
Duffy, E. 1968. “An
Explanation of Emotional Phenomena without the Use of the Concept
Emotion.” In The Nature of
Emotion, edited by Arnold, M. B., 129–140. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Eitan, Z., and R. Timmers. 2010. “Beethoven’s
Last Piano Sonata and Those Who Follow Crocodiles: Cross-Domain Mappings of
Auditory Pitch in a Musical
Context.” Cognition 114 (3): 405–22.
Fantz, R. L., and S. B. Miranda. 1975. “Newborn
Infant Attention to Form of Contour.” Child
Development 46 (1): 224–28.
Fidler, M. U. 2014. Onomatopoeia
in Czech a Conceptualization of Sound and Its Connections to Grammar and
Discourse. Bloomington: Slavica Publishers.
Finch, A. 1987. “Dickinson
and Patriarchal Meter: A Theory of Metrical
Codes.” PMLA 102 (2): 166–76.
1993. The
Ghost of Meter: Culture and Prosody in American Free
Verse. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Fischer, A. 1999. “What,
If Anything, Is Phonological Iconicity?”
In Form Miming Meaning: Iconicity in Language
and Literature, edited by Nänny, M., and Fischer, O., 123–34. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Fischer, O. 2011. “Cognitive
Iconic Grounding of Reduplication in
Language.” In Semblance and
Signification, edited by Michelucci, P., Fischer, O., and Ljungberg, C., 55–82. John Benjamins Publishing Company. .
Flyvbjerg, B. 2006. “Five
Misunderstandings about Case-Study
Research.” Qualitative
Inquiry 12 (2): 219–45.
Fodor, J. A., and T. G. Bever. 1965. “The
Psychological Reality of Linguistic
Segments.” Journal of Verbal Learning and
Verbal
Behavior 4: 414–20.
Fónagy, I. 1961. “Communication
in Poetry.” Word – Journal of the
International Linguistic
Association 17 (2): 194–218.
1971. “The
Functions of Vocal Style.” In Literary Style:
A Symposium, edited by Chatman, S., 159–74. London: Oxford University Press.
1978. “A
New Method of Investigating the Perception of Prosodic
Features.” Language and
Speech 21 (1): 34–49.
Fónagy, I., and K. Magdics. 1960. “Speed
of Utterance in Phrases of Different
Lengths.” Language and
Speech 3 (4): 179–92.
. 1963. “Emotional
Patterns in Intonation and Music.” STUF –
Language Typology and
Universals 16 (1–4): 293–326.
Fowler, R. 1966. “‘Prose
Rhythm’ and Metre.” In Essays on Style and
Language, edited by Fowler, R. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.
Freese, J., and D. W. Maynard. 1998. “Prosodic
Features of Bad News and Good News in
Conversation.” Language in
Society 27 (2): 195–219. .
Frenkel-Brunswik, E. 1949. “Intolerance
of Ambiguity As an Emotional and Perceptual Personality
Variable.” Journal of
Personality 18 (1): 108–43.
1970. “Speech
Reception and Perception.” In New Horizons in
Linguistics, edited by Lyons, J., 29–52. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Gafni, C. 2015. “Child
Phonology Analyzer: Processing and Analyzing Transcribed
Speech.” In Proceedings of the 18th
International Congress of Phonetic Sciences., edited
by The
Scottish Consortium for ICPhS
2015, 1–5, paper
number 531. Glasgow, UK: the University of Glasgow.
Gafni, C., and R. Tsur. 2015. “‘Softened’
Voice Quality in Poetry Reading and Listener
Response.” Scientific Study of
Literature 5 (1): 49–82.
. 2019. “Some
Experimental Evidence for Sound-Emotion
Interaction.” Scientific Study of
Literature 9 (1): 53–71.
. 2021. “Studying
Emotive Effects in Poetry by Quantifying Open-Ended
Impressions.” Empirical Studies of the
Arts 39 (2): 216–242.
Gasser, M. 2004. “The
Origins of Arbitrariness in
Language.” In Proceedings of the Annual
Meeting of the Cognitive Science
Society 26, 434–39.
Gerber, N., and D. N. Smith. 2015. “A
Conversation with Reuven Tsur on Intonation and
Prosody.” Thinking
Verse V: 172–212. [URL].
Gil, D., and Y. Shen. 2019. “How
Grammar Introduces Asymmetry into Cognitive Structures: Compositional
Semantics, Metaphors, and Schematological
Hybrids.” Frontiers in
Psychology 10: 275.
Gilbert, S. M., and S. Gubar. 1971. The
Madwoman in the Attic: The Woman Writer and the Nineteenth-Century Literary
Imagination. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Glicksohn, J., R. Tsur, and C. Goodblatt. 1991. “Absorption
and Trance-Inductive Poetry.” Empirical
Studies of the
Arts 9 (2): 115–22.
Gobl, C., and A. Ní Chasaide. 2003. “The
Role of Voice Quality in Communicating Emotion, Mood and
Attitude.” Speech
Communication 40: 189–212.
Goldstein, K., and M. Scheerer. 1941. “Abstract
and Concrete Behavior an Experimental Study with Special
Tests.” Psychological
Monographs.
Goldwasser, O. 2010. “How
the Alphabet Was Born From
Hieroglyphs.” Biblical Archaeology
Review 36 (2): 40–53.
Guilford, J. P. 1970. “Traits
of
Creativity.” In Creativity, edited
by Vernon, P. E., 167–188. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
Halle, M., and S. J. Keyser. 1966. “Chaucer
and the Study of Prosody.” College
English 28 (3): 187–219.
. 1971b. “Illustration
and Defense of a Theory of the Iambic
Pentameter.” College
English 33 (2): 154–76.
Hammarberg, B., B. Fritzell, J. Gaufin, J. Sundberg, and L. Wedin. 1980. “Perceptual
and Acoustic Correlates of Abnormal Voice
Qualities.” Acta
Oto-Laryngologica 90: 441–51.
Heffner, H. E., and R. S. Heffner. 2007. “Hearing
Ranges of Laboratory Animals.” Journal of the
American Association for Laboratory Animal
Science 46 (1): 20–22.
Hepburn, R. W. 1968. “Emotions
and Emotional Qualities: Some Attempts at
Analysis.” In Aesthetics in the Modern
World, edited by Osborne, H., 81–93. London, United Kingdom: Thames and Hudson.
Hillenbrand, J., R. A. Cleveland, and R. L. Erickson. 1994. “Acoustic
Correlates of Breathy Vocal Quality.” Journal
of Speech and Hearing
Research 37: 769–78.
Hillenbrand, J., and R. A. Houde. 1996. “Acoustic
Correlates of Breathy Vocal Quality: Dysphonic Voices and Continuous
Speech.” Journal of Speech and Hearing
Research 39: 311–21.
Holmberg, E. B., R. E. Hillman, and J. S. Perkell. 1988. “Glottal
Airflow and Transglottal Air Pressure Measurements for Male and Female
Speakers in Soft, Normal, and Loud
Voice.” The Journal of the Acoustical Society
of
America 84 (2): 511–29. .
Hopkins, G. M. 1955. The
Letters of Gerard Manley Hopkins to Robert
Bridges. Edited by Abbott, C. C. Vol.
1. Oxford University Press.
Hoshi, H., N. Kwon, K. Akita, and J. Auracher. 2019. “Semantic
Associations Dominate Over Perceptual Associations in Vowel–Size
Iconicity.” I-Perception 10 (4).
Hrushovski, B. 1980. “The
Meaning of Sound Patterns in Poetry: An Interaction
Theory.” Poetics
Today 2 (1a): 39–56.
Hung, S. M., S. J. Styles, and P. J. Hsieh. 2017. “Can
a Word Sound Like a Shape Before You Have Seen It? Sound-Shape Mapping Prior
to Conscious Awareness.” Psychological
Science 28 (3): 263–75.
Imai, M., and S. Kita. 2014. “The
Sound Symbolism Bootstrapping Hypothesis for Language Acquisition and
Language Evolution.” Philosophical
Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological
Sciences 369.
Iseli, M., Y. -L. Shue, and A. Alwan. 2007. “Age,
Sex, and Vowel Dependencies of Acoustic Measures Related to the Voice
Source.” The Journal of the Acoustical
Society of
America 121 (4): 2283–95. .
Jakobson, R. 1956. “The
Metaphoric and Metonymic
Poles.” In Fundamentals of
Language, edited by Jakobson, R., and Halle, M., 76–82. The Hague: Mouton.
1960. “Closing
Statement: Linguistics and Poetics.” In Style
in Language, edited by Sebeok, T. A., 350–77. New York, NY: The Technology Press of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and John Wiley & Sons.
Jakobson, R., G. Fant, and M. Halle. 1952. Preliminaries
to Speech Analysis: The Distinctive Features and Their
Correlates. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Johnson-Laird, P. N., and K. Oatley. 1989. “The
Language of Emotions: An Analysis of a Semantic
Field.” Cognition &
Emotion 3 (2): 81–123. .
Johnson, R. C., N. S. Suzuki, and W. K. Olds. 1964. “Phonetic
Symbolism in an Artificial Language.” Journal
of Abnormal and Social
Psychology 69 (2): 233–36.
Kawahara, S., and K. Shinohara. 2012. “A
Tripartite Trans-Modal Relationship among Sounds, Shapes and Emotions: A
Case of Abrupt Modulation.” In Proceedings of
the 34th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science
Society, 569–74.
Keating, P. A., and C. Esposito. 2007. “Linguistic
Voice Quality.” UCLA Working Papers in
Phonetics 105: 85–91.
Keats, J. 1925. Letters
of John Keats to His Family and Friends. Edited
by Colvin, S. [URL].
Kelly, P., and L. E. Semler. 2010. Word
and Self Estranged in English Texts,
1550–1660. Word and Self Estranged
in English Texts, 1550-1660. .
Khayyám, O. 1859. “The
Rubáiyát.” Translated by FitzGerald, E. [URL].
1889. “The
Rubáiyát.” Translated by FitzGerald, E. [URL].
Klatt, D. H., and L. C. Klatt. 1990. “Analysis,
Synthesis, and Perception of Voice Quality Variations among Female and Male
Talkers.” The Journal of the Acoustical
Society of
America 87 (2): 820–57. .
Knights, L. C. 1964. “Notes
on Comedy.” In The Importance of
Scrutiny, edited by Bentley, E., 227–237. New York, NY: New York University Press.
Knoeferle, K., J. Li, E. Maggioni, and C. Spence. 2017. “What
Drives Sound Symbolism? Different Acoustic Cues Underlie Sound-Size and
Sound-Shape Mappings.” Scientific
Reports 7 (1): 1–11. .
Knowles, G. 1991. “Prosodic
Labelling: The Problem of Tone Group
Boundaries.” In English Computer Corpora.
Selected Papers and Research Guide, edited
by Johannson, S., and Stenström, A. -B., 149–63. Berlin: Mouton
de Gruyter.
1992. “Pitch
Contours and Tones in the Lancaster/IBM Spoken English
Corpus.” In New Directions in English
Language Corpora – Methodology, Results, Software
Developments, edited by Leitner, G., 289–99. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Kosztolányi, D. 1935. “Ilona.” In Verstár –
Ötven Költő Összes
Verse. Arcanum. [URL].
Kraxenberger, M. 2017. “On
Sound-Emotion Associations in
Poetry.” Unpublished Doctoral dissertation, Freie Universität
Berlin.
Kraxenberger, M., and W. Menninghaus. 2016. “Mimological
Reveries? Disconfirming the Hypothesis of Phono-Emotional Iconicity in
Poetry.” Frontiers in
Psychology 7: 1–9. .
Kraxenberger, M., W. Menninghaus, A. Roth, and M. Scharinger. 2018. “Prosody-Based
Sound-Emotion Associations in
Poetry.” Frontiers in
Psychology 9: 1284. .
Kuhn, T. S. 1977. “A
Function for Thought Experiments.” In The
Essential Tension: Selected Studies in Scientific Tradition and
Change, edited by Kuhn, T. S., 240–65. Chicago: The University of Chicago press.
Kuiken, D., and D. S. Miall. 2001. “Numerically
Aided Phenomenology: Procedures for Investigating Categories of
Experience.” Forum: Qualitative Social
Research 2 (1). .
Ladefoged, P. 2001. Vowels
and Consonants: An Introduction to the Sounds of
Languages. Oxford: Blackwell.
Lake, B. 1967. “A
Study of the Irrefutability of Two Aesthetic
Theories.” In Aesthetics and
Language, edited by Elton, W., 100–113. London: Oxford University Press.
Larkin, P. 1958. “Mr
Bleaney.” In Lines on a Young Lady’s
Photograph Album (and Other Poems) [Recorded by P. Larkin; Audio
Cassette]. London, United Kingdom: British Council.
1963. “Mr
Bleaney.” In The Jupiter Anthology of
Twentieth-Century English Poetry Part III [Recorded by P. Larkin; Audio
Cassette]. Chepstow, United Kingdom: Audio-Visual Productions.
1965. “Mr
Bleaney.” In Philip Larkin Reads The Whitsun
Weddings [Recorded by P. Larkin; Audio
Cassette]. London, United Kingdom: Marvell Press.
1966. “Mr
Bleaney.” In Wants (and Other Poems)
[Recorded by P. Larkin]. London, United Kingdom: British Council.
1984. “Mr
Bleaney.” In D. Dunn and P. Larkin Reading
Their Own Poetry [Recorded by P. Larkin; Audio
Cassette]. London, United Kingdom: Faber and Faber.
Laukkanen, A. -M., E. Vilkman, P. Alku, and H. Oksanen. 1996. “Physical
Variations Related to Stress and Emotional State: A Preliminary
Study.” Journal of
Phonetics 24: 313–35. .
Laver, J. 1980. The
Phonetic Description of Voice
Quality. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
Leder, H., P. P. L. Tinio, and M. Bar. 2011. “Emotional
Valence Modulates the Preference for Curved
Objects.” Perception 40 (6): 649–55. .
Levrero, F., N. Mathevon, K. Pisanski, E. Gustafsson, and D. Reby. 2018. “The
Pitch of Babies’ Cries Predicts Their Voice Pitch at Age
5.” Biology
Letters 14: 20180065. .
Liberman, A. M., F. S. Cooper, D. P. Shankweiler, and M. Studdert-Kennedy. 1967. “Perception
of the Speech Code.” Psychological
Review
74 (6): 431–61.
Liberman, A. M., and I. G. Mattingly. 1985. “The
Motor Theory of Speech Perception
Revised.” Cognition 21: 1–36.
Liberman, A. M., I. G. Mattingly, and M. T. Turvey. 1972. “Language
Codes and Memory Codes.” In Coding Processes
in Human Memory, edited by Melton, A. W., and Martin, E., 307–34. New York: Winstpm.
Liberman, I. Y., and V. A. Mann. 1981. “Should
Reading Instruction and Remediation Vary with the Sex of the
Child.” Haskins Laboratories Status Report on
Speech
Research SR-65: 125–43.
Lindberg-Seyersted, B. 1968. The
Voice of the Poet: Aspects of Style in the Poetry of Emily
Dickinson. Uppsala: Almqvist and Wiksells Boktryckeri AB.
Lockwood, G., and M. Dingemanse. 2015. “Iconicity
in the Lab: A Review of Behavioral, Developmental, and Neuroimaging Research
into Sound-Symbolism.” Frontiers in
Psychology 6: 1–14. .
Loesch, K. T. 1965. “Literary
Ambiguity and Oral Performance.” Quarterly
Journal of
Speech 51 (3): 258–67.
Lowrey, T. M., and L. J. Shrum. 2007. “Phonetic
Symbolism and Brand Name Preference.” Journal
of Consumer
Research 34 (3): 406–14. .
Magnuson, K., and F. G. Ryder. 1970. “The
Study of English Prosody: An Alternative
Proposal.” College
English 31 (8): 789–820. .
Marasek, K. 1997. “EGG
and Voice Quality.” Universität Stuttgart. [URL].
Margolis, J. 1962. “The
Logic of Interpretation.” In Philosophy Looks
at the Arts: Contemporary Readings in
Aesthetics, edited by Margolis, J., 108–20. New York: Scribner.
Marks, L. E. 1975. “On
Colored-Hearing Synesthesia: Cross-Modal Translations of Sensory
Dimensions.” Psychological
Bulletin 82 (3): 303–31.
Martin, D., J. Fitch, and V. Wolfe. 1995. “Pathologic
Voice Type and the Acoustic Prediction of
Severity.” Journal of Speech Language and
Hearing
Research 38 (4): 765–71. [URL].
Massaro, D., F. Savazzi, C. Di Dio, D. Freedberg, V. Gallese, G. Gilli, and A. Marchetti. 2012. “When
Art Moves the Eyes: A Behavioral and Eye-Tracking
Study.” PLoS
ONE 7 (5): e37285. .
Mattingly, I. G., A. M. Liberman, A. K. Syrdal, and T. Halwes. 1971. “Discrimination
in Speech and Nonspeech Mode.” Cognitive
Psychology 2: 131–157.
Mehrabian, A., and J. A. Russell. 1974. “The
Basic Emotional Impact of
Environments.” Preceptual and Motor
Skills 38: 283–301.
Meier, H. H. 1999. “Imagination
by Ideophones.” In Form Miming Meaning:
Iconicity in Language and Literature, edited
by Nänny, M., and Fischer, O., 135–54. Amsterdam & Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Menninghaus, W., V. Wagner, J. Hanich, E. Wassiliwizky, T. Jacobsen, and S. Koelsch. 2017. “The
Distancing-Embracing Model of the Enjoyment of Negative Emotions in Art
Reception.” Behavioral and Brain
Sciences 40: e347. .
Meyer, L. B. 1956. Emotion
and Meaning in Music. Chicago, Illinois, USA: The University of Chicago press.
Miall, D. S. 2001. “Sounds
of Contrast: An Empirical Approach to Phonemic
Iconicity.” Poetics 29 (1): 55–70. .
Miller, G. A. 1956. “The
Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for
Processing Information.” The Psychological
Review 63 (2): 81–97.
1970. “The
Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two: Some Limits on Our Capacity for
Processing Information.” In The Psychology of
Communication, 21–50. Harmondsworth: Pelican.
1978. “Semantic
Relations among Words.” In Linguistic Theory
and Psychological Reality, edited
by Halle, M., Bresnan, J., and Miller, G. A., 60–118. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Mohammad, S. M. 2018. “Obtaining
Reliable Human Ratings of Valence, Arousal, and Dominance for 20,000 English
Words.” ACL 2018 – 56th Annual Meeting of the
Association for Computational Linguistics, Proceedings of the Conference
(Long
Papers) 1: 174–84. .
Monaghan, P., M. H. Christiansen, and N. Chater. 2007. “The
Phonological-Distributional Coherence Hypothesis: Cross-Linguistic Evidence
in Language Acquisition.” Cognitive
Psychology 55 (4): 259–305.
Morton, E. S. 1977. “On
the Occurrence and Significance of Motivation-Structural Rules in Some Bird
and Mammal Sounds.” The American
Naturalist 111 (981): 855–69. .
1994. “Sound
Symbolism and Its Role in Non-Human Vertebrate
Communication.” In Sound
Symbolism, 348–65. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
Myers-Schulz, B., M. Pujara, R. C. Wolf, and M. Koenigs. 2013. “Inherent
Emotional Quality of Human Speech
Sounds.” Cognition and
Emotion 27 (6): 1105–13. .
Newberg, A., E. G. D’Aquili, and V. Rause. 2001. Why
God Won’t Go Away: Brain Science and the Biology of
Belief. New York: Ballantine Books.
Newman, S. S. 1933. “Further
Experiments in Phonetic Symbolism.” The
American Journal of
Psychology 45 (1): 53–75. .
Nixon, J. S. 2020. “Of
Mice and Men: Speech Sound Acquisition as Discriminative Learning from
Prediction Error, Not Just Statistical
Tracking.” Cognition 197: 104081.
Obermeier, C., W. Menninghaus, M. von Koppenfels, T. Raettig, M. Schmidt-Kassow, S. Otterbein, and S. A. Kotz. 2013. “Aesthetic
and Emotional Effects of Meter and Rhyme in
Poetry.” Frontiers in
Psychology 4 (JAN): 1–10. .
Ogden, C. K., and I. A. Richards. 1923. The
Meaning of Meaning: A Study of the Influence of Language upon Thought and of
the Science of Symbolism. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World.
Ohala, J. J. 1984. “An
Ethological Perspective on Common Cross-Language Utilization of F0 of
Voice.” Phonetica 41 (1): 1–16. .
1994. “The
Frequency Code Underlies the Sound-Symbolic Use of Voice
Pitch.” In Sound
Symbolism, edited by Hinton, L., Nichols, J., and Ohala, J. J., 325–47. Cambridge, United Kingdom: Cambridge University Press.
Ohmann, R. 1970. “Modes
of Order.” In Linguistics and Literary
Style, edited by Freeman, D. C., 209–42. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston.
Ohtake, Y., and E. Haryu. 2013. “Investigation
of the Process Underpinning Vowel-Size
Correspondence.” Japanese Psychological
Research 55 (4): 390–99. .
Ozturk, O., M. Krehm, and A. Vouloumanos. 2013. “Sound
Symbolism in Infancy: Evidence for Sound-Shape Cross-Modal Correspondences
in 4-Month-Olds.” Journal of Experimental
Child
Psychology 114 (2): 173–86.
Park, H. 2002. “Time
Course of the First Formant
Bandwidth.” Annual Meeting of the Berkeley
Linguistics
Society 28 (1): 213–24. .
Peirce, C. S. 1867. “On
a New List of Categories.” In Proceedings of
the American Academy of Arts and
Sciences, 7: 287–98.
Perrone-Bertolotti, M., J. Kujala, J. R. Vidal, C. M. Hamame, T. Ossandon, O. Bertrand, L. Minotti, P. Kahane, K. Jerbi, and J. P. Lachaux. 2012. “How
Silent Is Silent Reading? Intracerebral Evidence for Top-down Activation of
Temporal Voice Areas during Reading.” Journal
of
Neuroscience 32 (49): 17554–62. .
Pols, L. C. 1986. “Variation
and Interaction in Speech.” In Invariance and
Variability in Speech Processes, edited
by Perkell, J. S., and Klatt, D. H., 140–54. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc.
Proust, M. 1922. “Swan’s
Way (Remembrance of Things Past, Volume
One).” Translated
by Moncrieff, C. K. S. 1922. [URL].
Rakerd, B. 1984. “Vowels
in Consonantal Context Are Perceived More Linguistically than Are Isolated
Vowels: Evidence from an Individual Differences Scaling
Study.” Perception &
Psychophysics 35 (2): 123–36. .
Ramachandran, S., and E. M. Hubbard. 2001. “Synaesthesia—A
Window Into Perception, Thought and
Language.” Journal of Consciousness
Studies 8 (12): 3–34. .
Repp, B. H. 1981. “Two
Strategies in Fricative
Discrimination.” Perception &
Psychophysics 30 (3): 217–27. .
1983. “Trading
Relations among Acoustic Cues in Speech Perception Are Largely a Result of
Phonetic Categorization.” Speech
Communication 2 (4): 341–61. .
1984. “Categorical
Perception: Issues, Methods,
Findings.” In Speech and Language: Advances
in Basic Research and
Practice 10, 243–335.
Rice, C. 1992. “Binarity
and Ternarity in Metrical Systems: Parametric
Extensions.” University of Texas, Austin.
Richardson, F. M., M. L. Seghier, A. P. Leff, M. S. C. Thomas, and C. J. Price. 2011. “Multiple
Routes from Occipital to Temporal Cortices during
Reading.” Journal of
Neuroscience 31 (22): 8239–47. .
Riffaterre, M. 1984. “Intertextual
Representation: On Mimesis as Interpretive
Discourse.” Critical
Inquiry 11 (1): 141–62.
Rosch, E., C. B. Mervis, W. D. Gray, D. M. Johnson, and P. Boyes-Braem. 1976. “Basic
Objects in Natural Categories.” Cognitive
Psychology 8 (3): 382–439. .
Rouw, R., and H. S. Scholte. 2007. “Increased
Structural Connectivity in Grapheme-Color
Synesthesia.” Nature
Neuroscience 10 (6): 792–97. .
Russell, J. A., and A. Mehrabian. 1977. “Evidence
for a Three-Factor Theory of
Emotions.” Journal of Research in
Personality 11 (3): 273–94.
Sato, M., M. Baciu, H. Lœvenbruck, J. L. Schwartz, M. A. Cathiard, C. Segebarth, and C. Abry. 2004. “Multistable
Representation of Speech Forms: A Functional MRI Study of Verbal
Transformations.” NeuroImage 23 (3): 1143–51.
Sauter, D. A., F. Eisner, A. J. Calder, and S. K. Scott. 2010. “Perceptual
Cues in Nonverbal Vocal Expressions of
Emotion.” Quarterly Journal of Experimental
Psychology 63 (11): 2251–72. .
Scherer, K. R. 1986. “Vocal
Affect Expression: A Review and a Model for Future
Research.” Psychological
Bulletin 99 (2): 143–65. .
2003. “Vocal
Communication of Emotion: A Review of Research
Paradigms.” Speech
Communication 40: 227–56.
2005. “What
Are Emotions? And How Can They Be
Measured?” Social Science
Information 44 (4): 695–729. .
Shemtov, V. 2001. “Metrical
Hybridization: Prosodic Ambiguities As a Form of Social
Dialogue.” Poetics
Today 22 (1): 65–87.
Shinohara, K., and S. Kawahara. 2016. “A
Cross-Linguistic Study of Sound Symbolism: The Images of
Size.” Annual Meeting of the Berkeley
Linguistics
Society 36 (1): 396. .
Sibley, F. 1962. “Aesthetic
Qualities.” In Philosophy Looks at the Arts:
Contemporary Readings in Aesthetics, edited
by Margolis, J., 63–88. New York, NY: Scribner.
Smart, J. J. C. 1966. “Theory
Construction.” In Logic and
Language, edited by Flew, A. G. N., 222–42. Oxford: Blackwell.
Smith, C. A. 2014. “The
Phonesthetics of Blends: A Lexicographic Study of Cognitive Blends in the
OED.” ExELL 2 (1): 12–45. .
2016. “Tracking
Semantic Change in Fl- Monomorphemes in the
OED.” Journal of Historical
Linguistics 6 (2): 165–200. .
Smith, J. D., M. Wilson, and D. Reisberg. 1995. “The
Role of Pitch in Auditory
Imagery.” Neuropsychologia 33 (11): 1433–54.
Snyder, E. D. 1930. Hypnotic
Poetry: A Study of Trance-Inducing Techniques in Certain Poems and Its
Literary
Significance. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Stubbs, M. 2009. “The
Search for Units of Meaning: Sinclair on Empirical
Semantics.” Applied
Linguistics 30 (1): 115–37. .
Studdert-Kennedy, M. 1982. “Discovering
the Sound Pattern of a
Language.” Contemporary
Psychology 27: 510–12.
Studniarz, S. 2015. “Sonority
and Semantics in ‘Annabel Lee.’” The Edgar
Allan Poe
Review 16 (1): 107–25.
Sulter, A. M., H. K. Schutte, and D. G. Miller. 1995. “Differences
in Phonetogram Features between Male and Female Subjects with and without
Vocal Training.” Journal of
Voice 9 (4): 363–77.
Sweetser, E. 2006. “Whose
Rhyme Is Whose Reason? Sound and Sense in Cyrano de
Bergerac.” Language and
Literature 15 (1): 29–54. .
Tarlinskaja, M. 1987. “Rhythm
and Meaning: "Rhythmical Figures" in English Iambic Pentameter, Their
Grammar, and Their Links with
Semantics.” Style 21 (1): 1–35.
1992. “Metrical
Typology: English, German, and Russian Dolnik
Verse.” Comparative
Literature 44 (1): 1–21. .
Tartakovsky, R. 2014. “Towards
a Theory of Sporadic Rhyming.” Language and
Literature 23 (2): 101–17. .
Tellegen, A. 1981. “Practicing
the Two Disciplines for Relaxation and Enlightenment: Comment on ‘Role of
the Feedback Signal in Electromyograph Biofeedback: The Relevance of
Attention’ by Qualls and Sheehan.” Journal of
Experimental Psychology:
General 110 (2): 217–26. .
Tennyson, A. 1875. The
Poetical Works of Alfred Tennyson. New York: Harper & Brothers. [URL].
Todd, H. J. 1970. The
Poetical Works of John Milton, with Notes of Various
Authors. London: Law and Gilbert.
Tóth, Á. 1926. “Bazsalikom.” In Verstár –
Ötven Költő Összes
Verse. Arcanum. [URL].
Traunmüller, H., and A. Eriksson. 2000. “Acoustic
Effects of Variation in Vocal Effort by Men, Women, and
Children.” The Journal of the Acoustical
Society of
America 107 (6): 3438–51. .
Tsur, R. 1971. “A
Rhetoric of Poetic Qualities.” Doctoral
dissertation, University of Sussex.
1977. A
Perception-Oriented Theory of Metre. Tel Aviv: The Porter Institute for Poetics and Semiotics.
1987a. How
Do the Sound Patterns Know They Are Expressive: The Poetic Mode of
Speech-Perception. Jerusalem: Israel Science Publishers.
1992. What
Makes Sound Patterns Expressive: The Poetic Mode of
Speech-Perception. Durham, UK: Duke University Press.
1998. Poetic
Rhythm: Structure and Performance—An Empirical Study in Cognitive
Poetics. Bern: Peter Lang.
2000. “The
Performance of Enjambments, Perceived Effects, and Ex-Perimental
Manipulations.” PSYART: A Hyperlink Journal
for the Psychological Study of the Arts. [URL].
2003. On
The Shore of Nothingness: Space, Rhythm, and Semantic Structure in Religious
Poetry and Its Mystic-Secular Counterpart—A Study in Cognitive
Poetics. Exeter: Imprint Academic.
2006a. “Delivery
Style and Listener Response in the Rhythmical Performance of Shakespeare’s
Sonnets.” College
Literature 33 (1): 170–96. .
2006b. ‘Kubla
Khan’ Poetic Structure, Hypnotic Quality and Cognitive Style: A Study in
Mental, Vocal and Critical
Performance. Amsterdam, The Netherlands: John Benjamins.
2008a. “Comparing
Approaches to Versification Style in Cyrano de
Bergerac.” Cognitive
Semiotics, no.
2: 146–68. .
2009. “Metaphor
and Figure-Ground Relationship: Comparisons from Poetry, Music, and the
Visual Arts.” In Cognitive Poetics: Goals,
Gains and Gaps, edited by Brône, G., and Vandaele, J., 237–77. Berlin and New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
2011. “Metricalness
and Rhythmicalness – What Our Ear Tells Our
Mind.” In Frontiers in Comparative
Prosody, edited by Lotman, Mihhail, and Lotman, Maria-Kristina, 57–79. Bern: Peter Lang.
2012a. Playing
by Ear and the Tip of the Tongue: Precategorial Information in
Poetry. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
2012b. Poetic
Rhythm Structure and Performance: An Empirical Study in Cognitive
Poetics. Brighton and Portland: Sussex Academic Press.
2012c. “Poetic
Structures and Poetic
Qualities.” In Narrative Theories and
Poetics—5 Questions, edited
by Bundgård, P. F., Nielsen, H. S., and Stjernfelt, F., 245–255. Automatic Press.
2016. “Landscape
Descriptions and Emotional Qualities: Cognitive and Neurological
Correlates.” PSYART: A Hyperlink Journal for
the Psychological Study of the
Arts 20: 150–64.
2017a. “Metre,
Rhythm and Emotion in Poetry A Cognitive
Approach.” Studia Metrica et
Poetica 4: 7–40.
2017b. Poetic
Conventions as Cognitive Fossils—Where Do Conventions Come
From? Oxford University Press.
2018a. “Elusive
Qualities in Poetry, Receptivity, and Neural
Correlates.” In Expressive Minds and Artistic
Creations, edited by Csábi, S., 279–302. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
2019. “Statistical
versus Structural-Cognitive Approaches to Phonetic Symbolism: Two Case
Studies.” Style 53 (3): 281–307. .
Tsur, R., and Y. Bentov. 1996. “Rhythmic
and Strophic Organization in Mediaeval Hebrew Poetry: (A Cognitive
Approach).” Empirical Studies of the
Arts 14 (2): 183–206. .
Tsur, R., and C. Gafni. 2018. “Enjambment –
Irony, Wit, Emotion. A Case Study Suggesting Wider
Principles.” Studia Metrica et
Poetica 5 (2): 7–28. .
. 2019a. “Methodological
Issues in the Study of Phonetic
Symbolism.” Scientific Study of
Literature 9 (2): 195–229.
. 2019b. “Phonetic
Symbolism: Double-Edgedness and
Aspect-Switching.” Literary Universals
Project. [URL].
Tsur, R., J. Glicksohn, and C. Goodblatt. 1991. “Gestalt
Qualities in Poetry and the Reader’s Absorption
Style.” Journal of
Pragmatics 16 (5): 487–500. .
Ullmann, S. 1957. “Panchronistic
Tendencies in Synaesthesia.” In The
Principles of
Semantics, 266–89. Oxford: Blackwell.
Ullrich, S., A. Aryani, M. Kraxenberger, A. M. Jacobs, and M. Conrad. 2017. “On
the Relation between the General Affective Meaning and the Basic Sublexical,
Lexical, and Inter-Lexical Features of Poetic Texts-a Case Study Using 57
Poems of H. M. Enzensberger.” Frontiers in
Psychology 7: 1–19. .
Ullrich, S., S. A. Kotz, D. S. Schmidtke, A. Aryani, and M. Conrad. 2016. “Phonological
Iconicity Electrifies: An ERP Study on Affective Sound-to-Meaning
Correspondences in German.” Frontiers in
Psychology 7 (AUG). .
Ultan, R. 1978. “Size-Sound
Symbolism.” In Universals of Human Language,
Vol. 2: Phonology, edited
by Greenberg, J. H., Ferguson, C. A., and Moravcsik, E. A., 525–68. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Valéry, P. 1958. Remarks
on Poetry. The Art of Poetry. Translated
by Folliot, D. New York, NY: Pantheon press.
Waaramaa, T., P. Alku, and A. -M. Laukkanen. 2006. “The
Role of F3 in the Vocal Expression of
Emotions.” Logopedics, Phoniatrics,
Vocology 31 (4): 153–56. .
Ward, J., and J. Simner. 2005. “Is
Synaesthesia an X-Linked Dominant Trait with Lethality in
Males?” Perception 34 (5): 611–23. .
Wason, P. C. 1960. “On
the Failure to Eliminate Hypotheses in a Conceptual
Task.” Quarterly Journal of Experimental
Psychology 12 (3): 129–40.
Waugh, P., ed. 2006. Literary
Theory and Criticism: An Oxford Guide. New York: Oxford University Press.
Wayland, R., S. Gargash, and A. Longman. 1995. “Acoustic
and Perceptual Investigation of Breathy
Voice.” The Journal of the Acoustical Society
of
America 97 (5:2): 3364. .
Wayland, R., and A. Jongman. 2003. “Acoustic
Correlates of Breathy and Clear Vowels: The Case of
Khmer.” Journal of
Phonetics 31: 181–201. .
Weitz, M. 1956. “The
Role of Theory in Aesthetics.” The Journal of
Aesthetics and Art
Criticism 15 (1): 27–35.
1962. “The
Role of Theory in Aesthetics.” In Philosophy
Looks at the Arts: Contemporary Readings in
Aesthetics, edited by Margolis, J., 48–59. New York: Scribner.
. 1956. Theory
of Literature. New York: Harcourt, Brace & Co. [URL].
Westbury, C. 2005. “Implicit
Sound Symbolism in Lexical Access: Evidence from an Interference
Task.” Brain and
Language 93 (1): 10–19. .
Whaler, J. 1956. Counterpoint
and Symbol: An Inquiry into the Rhythm of Milton’s Epic Style [Anglistica
6]. Copenhagen: Rosenkilde.
Whissell, C. 1989. “The
Dictionary of Affect in Language.” In The
Measurement of
Emotions, 4:113–31. Academic Press, Inc.
1999. “Phonosymbolism
and the Emotional Nature of Sounds: Evidence of the Preferential Use of
Particular Phonemes in Texts of Differing Emotional
Tone.” Perceptual and Motor
Skills 89 (5): 19. .
2002. “Emotion
Conveyed by Sound in the Poetry of Alfred, Lord
Tennyson.” Empirical Studies of the
Arts 20 (2): 137–55. .
2004. “‘The
Sound Must Seem an Echo to the Sense’: Pope’s Use of Sound to Convey Meaning
in His Translation of Homer’s
Iliad.” Perceptual and Motor
Skills 98: 859–64.
2011. “To
Those Who Feel Rather than to Those Who Think: Sound and Emotion in Poes
Poetry.” International Journal of English and
Literature 2 (6): 149–56.
Wimsatt, W. K., and M. C. Beardsley. 1959. “The
Concept of Meter: An Exercise in
Abstraction.” PMLA 74 (5): 585–98.
Winter, B., M. Perlman, L. K. Perry, and G. Lupyan. 2017. “Which
Words Are Most Iconic? Iconicity in English Sensory
Words.” Interaction
Studies 18 (3): 430–51. .
Wiseman, M., and W. van Peer. 2002. “The
Sound of Meaning: An Empirical
Study.” In Textual Secrets: The Message of
the Medium, edited by Csábi, S., and Zerkowitz, J., 379–83. Budapest, Hungary: Akadémiai Nyomda Martonvásár.
Wittgenstein, L. 1976. Philosophical
Investigations. Translated
by Anscombe, G. E. M. Oxford: Blackwell.
1951. “Time
Perception.” In Handbook of Experimental
Psychology, edited by Stevens, S. S., 1234–36. New York: Wiley.
Yanko, T. 2019. “The
Prosody of Poetic Reading in Comparison with the Prosody of Everyday
Speech.” In Quantitative Approaches to
Versification, edited by Plecháč, P., Scherr, B. P., Skulacheva, T., Bermúdez-Sabel, H., and Kolár, R., 263–74.
Youmans, G. 1989. “Milton’s
Meter.” In Phonetics and Phonology 1: Rhythm
and
Meter, 341–379. New York: Academic Press.
