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Article published In: Epistemological issue: The importance of features and exponents: Dissolving Feature Reassembly
Edited by Cristina Flores and Neal Snape
[Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:1] 2024
► pp. 1–36

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The importance of features and exponents

Dissolving Feature Reassembly

 | Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) | UiT The Arctic University of Norway
ORCiD logo with link | Pennsylvania State University | University of Greenwich (CREL)
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Available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 license.

For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at rights@benjamins.nl.

Open Access publication of this article was funded through a Transformative Agreement with UiT The Arctic University of Norway.

Published online: 1 February 2024
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https://doi.org/10.1075/lab.23023.loh
Abstract
Formal approaches to bi- and multilingual grammars rely on two important claims: (i) the grammatical architecture should be able to deal with mono- and bi-/multilingual data without any specific constraints for the latter, (ii) features play a pivotal role in accounting for patterns across and within grammars. In the present paper, it is argued that an exoskeletal approach to grammar, which clearly distinguishes between the underlying syntactic features and their morphophonological realizations (exponents), offers an ideal tool to analyze data from bi- and multilingual speakers. Specifically, it is shown that this framework can subsume the specific mechanism of Feature Reassembly developed by Donna Lardiere since the late 1990’s. Three case studies involving different languages and language combinations are offered in support of this claim, demonstrating how an exoskeletal approach can be employed without any additional constraints or mechanisms.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Theoretical framework
    • 2.1Feature reassembly
    • 2.2Exoskeletal approaches to grammar
  • 3.Feature reassembly ‘dissolved’: An exoskeletal approach to bilingual grammars
  • 4.Case studies
    • 4.1The L2 acquisition of number marking in Korean and Indonesian
    • 4.2L2 acquisition of Chinese imperfective markers
    • 4.3Definiteness in Norwegian heritage language
  • 5.Conclusion
  • Acknowledgments
  • Notes
  • References
References (148)
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Thane, Patrick D., Jennifer Austin, Stephanie A. Rodríguez & Michele Goldin
2025. The acquisition of the Spanish subjunctive by child heritage and L2 learners: evidence from a dual language program. Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 18:1 ► pp. 193 ff. DOI logo
Treadway, Hannah, Josh Higdon & Jorge Valdés Kroff
2025. Disentangling grammar and experience. Isogloss. Open Journal of Romance Linguistics 11:4 ► pp. 1 ff. DOI logo
Aboh, Enoch O. & M. Carmen Parafita Couto
2024. Modelling multilingual ecologies beyond the L1-L2 Binary. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:1 ► pp. 37 ff. DOI logo
Alexiadou, Artemis
2024. Feature-exponence mapping in language contact. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:1 ► pp. 43 ff. DOI logo
Alexiadou, Artemis
2024. Double plural marking and the building blocks of nominals. Glossa: a journal of general linguistics 9:1 DOI logo
Alexiadou, Artemis
2025. Morphosyntactic doubling in language mixing : some puzzles and challenges. Linguistica Brunensia 73:1 ► pp. 8 ff. DOI logo
Domínguez, Laura & Glyn Hicks
2024. Feature Reassembly is concerned with syntax, but its main goal is to account for the (second) language acquisition process. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:1 ► pp. 48 ff. DOI logo
Gardani, Francesco
2024. Where are features?. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:1 ► pp. 53 ff. DOI logo
Gonzalez, Becky
2024. The role of the lexicon. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:1 ► pp. 58 ff. DOI logo
Guijarro-Fuentes, Pedro & Francesco Romano
2024. Number feature within generative grammar and its acquisition. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:1 ► pp. 63 ff. DOI logo
Gürel, Ayşe
2024. A theory of Ln grammars. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:1 ► pp. 69 ff. DOI logo
Inagaki, Shunji
2024. Transfer and learnability. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:1 ► pp. 74 ff. DOI logo
Kramer, Ruth
2024. An exoskeletal approach to grammatical gender. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:1 ► pp. 79 ff. DOI logo
Leal, Tania & Elena Shimanskaya
2024. The power paradox in bilingualism. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:1 ► pp. 85 ff. DOI logo
Müller, Natascha
2024. From the child’s perspective. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:1 ► pp. 90 ff. DOI logo
Scontras, Gregory
2024. On the compatibility of models with experiments. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:1 ► pp. 96 ff. DOI logo
Sheehan, Michelle Louise
2024. Multilingual grammars. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:1 ► pp. 99 ff. DOI logo

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 24 november 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.

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