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Article published In: Processing in Bilingual Children
Edited by Chantal van Dijk, Jasmijn E. Bosch and Sharon Unsworth
[Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 14:4] 2024
► pp. 476–511

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Sentence processing in bilingual children

Evidence from garden-path sentences

ORCiD logo with link | University of ReadingReading
ORCiD logo with link | University of ReadingReading
ORCiD logo with link | University of KonstanzKonstanz
Published online: 8 April 2024
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/lab.22104.pon
Abstract
Research in sentence processing in bilingual children is emergent but incomplete as very few studies examine the processing of structurally complex sentences or bilingual children’s real-time interpretation of sentences. One underexplored linguistic feature which can offer insights in this direction are garden-path sentences, i.e., sentences with temporary syntactic ambiguity. These are difficult to process for monolingual children as incremental processing results in an initial misinterpretation and the need for reanalysis. Studies on bilingual children’s processing of garden-path sentences have used paradigms with limited ecological validity and which are not informative about one’s interpretation while listening. This study bridges this gap by investigating the processing of garden-path sentences in bilingual children with the visual-world eye-tracking paradigm. It further explores the role of referential context in the visual stimuli to aid disambiguation. Monolingual and bilingual children aged 8–11 years completed a task similar to Trueswell, J. C., Sekerina, I., Hill, N. M., & Logrip, M. L. (1999). The kindergarten-path effect: Studying on-line sentence processing in young children. Cognition, 73(2), 89–134. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar. The results showed similar difficulty with revising garden-path sentences as evidenced by comprehension accuracy for both groups but only the monolinguals showed real-time garden-path effects in the gaze data. We interpret these findings as a manifestation of slower sentence processing in bilingual children. Both groups made limited use of the referential context to facilitate processing.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
    • 1.1Garden-path sentence processing in monolinguals
    • 1.2Garden-path sentence processing in bilinguals
    • 1.3The present study
  • 2.Method
    • 2.1Participants
    • 2.2Design
    • 2.3Materials
    • 2.4Procedure
    • 2.5Analyses
  • 3.Results
    • 3.1Accuracy and reaction times
    • 3.2Gaze data
      • Looks to the ID during the ID region (Peter put the apple ON THE PLATE in the box before going to school)
      • Looks to the ID during the CD region (Peter put the apple on the plate IN THE BOX before going to school)
      • Looks to the ID during the FINAL region (Peter put the apple on the plate in the box BEFORE GOING TO SCHOOL)
  • 4.Discussion
    • Some final comments on the methodology and analyses
  • 5.Conclusion
    • Data availability
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • References
References (53)
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