In:Footprints of Phrase Structure: Studies in syntax in honour of Tim Stowell
Edited by María J. Arche, Jan-Wouter Zwart, Hamida Demirdache and Hagit Borer
[Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 288] 2025
► pp. 199–218
Metalinguistic ellipsis
Playful silence in adverts, titles, and slogans
Published online: 2 October 2025
https://doi.org/10.1075/la.288.10sto
https://doi.org/10.1075/la.288.10sto
Abstract
‘Metalinguistic ellipsis’ flouts the conditions on ellipsis to playful and memorable effect; e.g.
Everyday vehicles that aren’t, A DP that may not be, and Yes We Can. Such
adverts, titles and slogans strain the relationship between antecedent and ellipsis, feeling awkward but being all the
more noticeable for it. Focusing on predicate ellipsis, this contribution surveys the manner and extent to which the
conditions on ellipsis can be metalinguistically stretched, encompassing recoverability, ambiguity, argument
structure, antecedent containment, (ad)nominal antecedents and contrast.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Recoverability
- 3.Ambiguity
- 4.Argument structure
- 5.Antecedent containment
- 6.(Ad)nominal antecedents
- 7.The limits of metalinguistic ellipsis
- 8.Other register-specific phenomena
- 9.Conclusion
Acknowledgements Notes References
References (33)
Fiengo, Robert & Howard Lasnik. 1972. On
nonrecoverable deletion in syntax. Linguistic
Inquiry 3. 528.
Fodor, Janet Dean & Mary Smith Smith. 1978. What
kind of exception is have got? Linguistic
Inquiry 9(1). 45–66.
Garnham, Alan & Jane Oakhill. 1992. Aberrant
ellipsis: advertisers do, but why? English
Today 8(1). 37–40.
Griffiths, James. 2019. Beyond
MaxElide: An investigation of A’-movement from elided phrases. Linguistic
Inquiry 50(3). 571–607.
Haegeman, Liliane. 1987. Complement
ellipsis in English: or how to cook without
objects. In A. M. Simon-Vandenbergen (ed.), Studies
in honour of René
Derolez, 248–261. Ghent: Seminarie voor Engelse en Oud-Germaanse Taalkunde R.U.G.
Hankamer, Jorge. 1971. Constraints
on deletion in syntax. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University dissertation.
Hardt, Daniel. 1993. Verb
phrase ellipsis: Form, meaning, and processing. Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania dissertation.
Johnson, Kyle. 2004. How
to be quiet. In Nikki Adams, Adam Cooper, Fey Parrill & Thomas Weir (eds.), Proceedings
from the 40th annual meeting of the Chicago Linguistic
Society, 1–20. Chicago, Illinois: Chicago Linguistic Society.
Kennedy, Christopher. 1994. Argument
contained ellipsis. Linguistics Research Center Report
LRC-94–03, University of California, Santa Cruz.
Lakoff, George. 1968. Deep
and surface grammar. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Linguistics Club.
Massam, Diane & Yves Roberge. 1989. Recipe
context null objects in English. Linguistic
Inquiry 20(1). 134–9.
McCloskey, James. 2018. Ellipsis,
day 4. Lecture series by James McCloskey and Tim Stowell at the second Crete
Summer School of Linguistics.
McQuarrie, Edward F. & David Glen Mick. 1996. Figures
of rhetoric in advertising language. Journal of Consumer
Research 22(4). 424–438.
Miller, Philip & Geoffrey K. Pullum. 2013. Exophoric
VP ellipsis. In Philip Hofmeister & Elisabeth Norcliffe (eds.), The
core and the periphery: Data-driven perspectives on syntax inspired by Ivan A.
Sag, CSLI.
Sag, Ivan. 1976. Deletion
and logical form. Cambridge, MA: MIT dissertation.
Schütze, Carson T. 1996. Korean “case
stacking” isn’t: Unifying noncase uses of case
particles. In Kiyomi Kusumoto (ed.), Proceedings
of the North East Linguistic
Society 26, 351–365. Amherst, MA: GLSA.
Stockwell, Richard. 2018. Ellipsis
in tautologous conditionals: the contrast condition on
ellipsis. In Sireemas Maspong, Brynhildur Stefánsdóttir, Katherine Blake & Forrest Davis (eds.), Proceedings
of
SALT 28, 584–603.
. 2020. Contrast
and verb phrase ellipsis: Triviality, symmetry, and competition. Los Angeles: University of California dissertation.
. 2022. Contrast
and verb phrase ellipsis: the case of tautologous conditionals. Natural
Language Semantics.
Stockwell, Richard & Carson T. Schütze. 2019. Dialects
“haven’t got” to be the same: modal microvariation in
English. In Patrick Farrell (ed.), Proceedings
of 93rd annual meeting of the Linguistic Society of
America, vol. 4(31), 1–15.
. 1999. Words
lost and syntax found in Headlinese: The hidden structure of abbreviated English in headlines, instructions
and diaries. Presentation at York
University, Toronto.
. 2013. Binominal
each: A DP that may not be. In Kook-Hee Gil, Stephen Harlow & George Tsoulas (eds.), Strategies
of quantification, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Todo, Pau. 2009. The
language of advertising: Syntactic analysis. Slides available
at [URL]
Tomioka, Satoshi. 2003. The
semantics of Japanese null pronouns and its cross-linguistic
implications. In Kerstin Schwabe & Susanne Winkler (eds.), The
interfaces: deriving and interpreting omitted
structures, 321–39. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Wasow, Thomas. 1972. Anaphoric
relations in English. Cambridge, MA: Massachusetts Institute of Technology dissertation.
Weir, Andrew. 2017. Object
drop and article drop in reduced written register. Linguistic
Variation 17(2). 157–85.
