In:The Development of Speaker-Oriented Adverbs in English: Reanalysis, ellipsis, lexicalization or analogy?
Dagmar Haumann and Kristin Killie
[Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 287] 2025
► pp. 185–188
Index
Published online: 13 February 2025
https://doi.org/10.1075/la.287.index
https://doi.org/10.1075/la.287.index
A
- Abraham, Werner,31, 50
- actualization:46–48
- adverb: aspectual,12, 16, 19,
23–25, 41,
44, 93, 96, 134
- canonical linear order of,11, 12, 13, 20, 24, 41, 42, 45, 90, 93
- disjunct,3, 7, 66, 161
- -ly adverb,7, 70, 85, 87
- meaning,51, 58
- modal adverb,3, 7, 9, 142
- position (initial),5, 45, 68, 70–73, 80, 83, 90, 103, 108, 111, 112, 119, 128, 130, 131, 138, 152, 158
- position (medial),5, 45, 73–75, 83, 90, 103, 119, 128, 131, 138, 141, 152, 158–159, 161
- preposed,15, 67, 68, 70–72, 75
- sentence adverb,7, 66–69, 71–76, 80–83, 87
- sentential adverb,7, 51, 69, 71
- temporal adverb,19, 23, 41
- VP-adverb,2, 4, 7, 12, 55, 68, 70–72, 75, 77–78, 82, 87
- adverbial: categories of,1, 7, 9, 12, 32, 85, 113
- central,27, 130
- fronting,34, 70, 108, 130, 131
- peripheral,27
- preposed,15, 93
- Aelbrecht, Lobke,18
- Aijmer, Karin,4, 5, 55, 56, 60, 73–75, 82, 83, 86, 103, 128, 131, 142–144, 147, 153, 158
- Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y.,9, 82, 142, 143
- Alexiadou, Artemis,13, 15
- Allerton, David, J.,95
- ambiguity (incl. ambiguous):4–6, 36,
41, 42–47, 57, 61–63, 66–68, 70–75, 81–83, 88, 90, 92, 103–108, 110, 111
110–111, 113,
115, 119, 124–130, 132–136, 138,
140–141, 148–153, 155–161
- hypotheses involving,5, 82–83
- analogue:38, 63–64, 79, 113–114, 160, 161
- Andersen, Henning,44
- Anggoro, Florencia K,64
- Anttila, Raimo,117
- argument:8–9, 15–16, 28, 32,
33, 50, 76–77, 92
- external,16, 33, 118; See also PRO
- Authier, J.-Marc,28, 29
- auxiliary: passive,16, 22, 40,
91–92, 94,
134
- perfective,16, 22, 91–92, 134
- progressive,16, 19, 22, 91–92, 134
B
- Baayen, Harald,49
- Bauke, Leah,15, 17, 19, 34, 57, 118
- Bayer, Josef,31
- Bech, Kristin,69
- Behagel, Otto,61
- Behrens, Heike,63–64
- Bellert, Irena,5, 7–11, 31, 86, 142
- Belletti, Adriana,37
- Bergen, Linda van,84
- Bergs, Alexander,47
- Berry, James Andrew,4–6, 31, 76–80, 83, 86, 87, 101, 108, 111–115, 117–119, 139, 154, 159, 160
- Blevins, James P.,65, 160
- Blevins, Juliette,65, 160
- Boas, Franz,143
- Bolinger, Dwight,70, 81, 111, 138, 153
- Bošković, Željko,18, 19
- Branigan, Phil,17
- Breban, Tine,48
- Breivik, Leiv Egil,3, 68, 78
- Brinton, Laurel,49, 50, 55, 77, 117
- Broccias, Cristiano,50
- Bruening, Benjamin,69
- Bruil, Martine,142
- Burridge, Kate,47
- Bybee, Joan,47, 60, 63
C
- Campbell, Lyle,47, 63
- Cardinaletti, Anna,37, 50
- cartographic approach:7, 13, 18, 45
- cartography:13, 14, 16, 37
- Chafe, Wallace,9, 143
- Chen, Guohua,53
- Chomsky, Noam,13, 14, 16–18, 38
- Cinque, Guglielmo,7, 9–11, 13–16, 18, 19, 22, 23, 25, 33, 34, 36–38, 40, 95
- Citko, Barbara,17, 18
- Claridge, Claudia,84
- Clark, Herbert H.,59
- clausal divide:21, 24, 45, 103, 131, 132, 134, 158; See also PolP
- clausal spine:13, 16, 21, 103, 124, 148
- clause: adverbial,26–27, 30,
77, 118, 130
- complement,26–27, 29
- finite,87, 89, 91, 96, 102, 103, 123, 124, 147, 148
- matrix,26, 31, 33, 52–54, 59, 76, 77, 93, 102, 103, 123, 131, 147
- non-finite,28, 87, 101, 102, 103, 112
- performative,31, 77
- relative,26–27, 59, 90, 93, 131
- subordinate,26, 30, 59, 93, 102, 103, 108, 123, 147
- collocation:59, 76, 78, 111, 115, 117, 119, 120, 161
- collocationally induced lexical change:117, 120, 161
- communication verb:31, 34, 78, 108, 112–115, 117–120, 159, 161
- copula:22, 24, 25, 33, 42, 49, 58, 76–77, 91–92, 94, 106, 136, 158
- copular: be,58, 60
- be-clause,22, 76, 139, 140, 159
- Cormack, Annabel,16
- Corver, Norbert,17
- Cruttenden, Alan,95
D
- Danchev, Andrei,48
- Dasher, Richard B.,54, 55, 57
- Davies, Mark,84
- De Clercq, Karen,16
- de Haan, Ferdinand,9, 142
- Declerck, Renaat,106
- den Dikken, Marcel,76
- Denison, David,61, 84
- De Smet, Hendrik,47, 61, 63, 64, 159
- Detges, Ulrich,61–63
- Diewald, Gabriele,9, 57, 142
- discourse: articulation of,15
- marker,55, 58, 115
- participant,31, 33, 34
- domain: CP domain,13–15, 19,
78, 124See also Left Periphery;
- of language (functional),51; See also level;
- TP domain,13–16, 18–19, 22–25, 34, 40–41, 43–45, 92, 106, 124, 134, 148, 158
- vP/VP domain,13–16, 19, 21–23, 36–37, 43, 124, 132, 158
- Donner, Morton,82
E
- Early Modern English:3, 69, 84, 87
- Emonds, Joseph E.,26
- Endo, Yoshio,29
- epistemicity: vs. evidentiality,9, 51, 143
- epistentials:144
- Epstein, Samuel D.,18
- Ernst, Thomas,7–12, 15, 22, 23, 31, 36, 41, 77, 81, 117, 118, 125, 138, 142
- Evans, Nicholas,57, 60
F
- Faller, Martina T.,143, 144
- feature: checking,18See also valuation
- external argument,117, 118, 120, 161
- illocutionary,117–118, 120, 161
- peripheral,17, 38
- valuation,18, 37; See also checking
- Felser, Claudia,61, 63
- Fertig, David,63, 64
- finiteness:15, 28, 77,
89
- and FinP,15
- Fischer, Olga,4, 5, 60, 63–65, 70–73, 75–76, 78, 80, 82, 83, 115, 118, 128, 139, 154, 157, 158, 160
- focalization:29, 32
- and FocP,29
- Fox, Danny,18
- Frawley, William J.,63
- Frey, Werner,27, 28, 31, 37, 96
- functional projection:7, 13–16, 18–19, 23–24, 36, 44–45, 76
- argument-related,16
- discourse-related,15
- polarity-related,15
- adverb-related,13, 16, 24; See also universal hierarchy of clausal functional projections
- adverbial,16, 19
G
- Gallego, Ángel J.,17
- Gelderen, Elly van,5, 13, 15, 22, 34, 50, 60, 71–73, 78, 82, 83, 128, 158
- Gelhaus, Hermann,61
- Gentner, Dedre,64
- Geuder, Wilhelm,8
- Giegerich, Heinz J.,49
- Givón, Talmy,48
- González-Cruz,52–54
- Goossens, Louis,2
- Greenbaum, Sidney,7–9, 31, 49, 88, 89, 95, 97, 121
- Grewendorf, Günther,17
- Grice, Paul,56–58
H
- Haegeman, Liliane,16, 26–32, 34, 93, 131
- Hale, Kenneth,16
- Halle, Morris,57
- Halliday, Michael A. K.,51, 58
- Hanson, Kristin,4, 5, 9, 69, 70, 80, 82, 86, 142, 157
- Harley, Heidi,57
- Harris, Alice,47, 63
- Harwood, William,18, 19, 22
- Hasan, Ruqaiya,51
- Haumann, Dagmar,4–6, 10, 13, 15, 19, 22, 27, 34, 41, 57–60, 82, 83, 89, 97, 108, 114, 115, 117, 118, 159, 161
- Hawkins, John A.,47
- Heeren, Jan-Friso,55
- Heine, Bernd,47, 48, 51, 57, 59–61
- Higgins, F. Roger,106
- Hill, Virginia,31, 32
- Himmelmann, Nikolaus,48–50
- Hinterhölzl, Roland,69
- Hooper, Joan B.,26–28, 93
- Hopper, Paul. J.,46–48, 60
- Horn, Laurence R.,56
- Hoye, Leo Francis,144
- Huang, Shuan-Fan,142
- Huber, Magnus,84
- Huddleston, Rodney,94
I
- illocutionary force:15, 26–27, 36, 103
- and ForceP,15, 30
- assertive,27, 30, 32, 34, 37–38, 103
- declarative,26
- exclamative,26
- imperative,26, 30
- interrogative,26, 34, 36, 38, 103
- implicature:57, 62, 63, 144
- inference (incl. inferencing, inferential):6, 46, 51–53, 55–58, 60, 64, 130, 133, 138, 143–145, 153
- intensifier:7, 67, 87, 88, 89, 97
J
- Jackendoff, Ray S.,3, 7, 10, 86, 89
- Jucker, Andreas H.,55,
K
- Kayne, Richard,13
- Keller, Rudi,61
- Keyser, Samuel Jay,16
- Killie, Kristin,4–6, 15, 19, 22, 27, 34, 48–50, 57–60, 82–83, 87, 89, 97, 108, 114, 117, 118, 137, 159, 161
- Kinn, Torodd,161
- Kiparsky, Paul,48, 50, 63, 64, 160
- Kiss, Katalin É.,37
- Klibanoff, Raquel S.,64
- König, Ekkehard,53, 54
- Kortmann, Bernd,53, 61
- Kranich, Svenja,48
- Kremers, Joost,17
- Krifka, Manfred,31
- Kuteva, Tania,61
- Kytö, Merja,48, 84
L
- Lahne, Antje,18
- Langacker, Ronald W.,46
- Lasnik, Howard,18
- Leech, Geoffrey,49
- Left Periphery:13, 15, 17,
18, 20, 21, 24, 26,
28–30, 32–39, 43, 45,
58, 78, 90, 92, 106,
108, 117–118, 120, 130–132, 148See also CP domain
- full,29–30, 32, 34, 36, 58, 130
- truncated,28–30
- left-peripheral: material,36, 93
- merge,34, 38, 108
- occurrence,24, 34, 36, 38
- position,45, 90, 93, 130–131, 158
- Lehmann, Christian,49
- Lehr, Rachel,49
- Lenker, Ursula,2, 3, 58, 115
- level: ideational,58
- interpersonal,58, 70
- textual,63; See also domain: of language (functional)
- Levin, Beth,94
- Levinson, Stephen,144
- licensing (of SOAs):26–27, 30, 89
- Lightfoot, David W.,64, 160
- Lindquist, Hans,84
- Lohndal, Terje,16, 22
- Lünen, Alexander von,84
- -ly: suffix,48–50, 87
- relator,5, 76–77, 83, 159
M
- Main Clause Phenomena (MCP):28–29, 89, 103; See also root phenomena
- Marantz, Alec,57
- Marchand, Hans,48
- Matras, Yaron,82
- Matushansky, Ora,17
- McIntyre, Andrew,94
- merge (incl. merged):13, 14, 23–25, 34, 36, 37–40, 42–43, 45, 55, 76, 78, 90, 92, 106, 108, 118, 120,130–132, 134, 138, 148, 158
- merge site:17, 19–20, 22–25, 34, 38, 41, 44, 45
- Michell, Gillian,142
- Middle English:3, 66, 69, 82, 87, 160
- Modern English:3, 5, 66, 87
- Müller, Gereon,18
- Munaro, Nicola,36
N
- Nevalainen, Terttu,49, 50, 87
- Nissel, Magnus,84
- Noyer, Rolf,57
- Nunes, Jairo,17
- Nuyts, Jan,9
O
- Obenauer, Hans-Georg,31
- Old English:2–3, 48, 52, 66, 68, 69, 71–72, 79, 80, 82, 87, 114, 160
- operator: assertive,30
- conditional,29–30
- imperative,31
- interrogative,11, 93
- negative,11
- non-assertive,93
- wh-,93
- orientation: of adverb,31, 108
- shift,31, 33, 86, 117–118, 120
P
- Palmer, Frank R.,142, 143
- Partington, Alan,105
- Paul, Hermann,64, 65
- Peters, Hans,105
- Petrova, Svetlana,69
- phase (clausal):17–21, 23–26, 44, 90–92, 103, 148
- phase (verbal):17–21, 23, 26, 38, 90–92, 148
- Piñón, Christopher,8
- Pintzuk, Susan,71
- Pittner, Karin,37, 49
- Polarity Phrase (PolP):16, 19, 22–25, 40, 42, 44–45, 92, 132, 134, 158; See also sentential negation
- Poletto, Cecilia,36
- Pounder, Amanda,87
- Powell, Mava Jo,51, 55
- preposing (of adverb):26, 34, 72, 78, 80, 82
- Present-day English:2, 4, 11, 66, 70, 108, 130
- PRO:33–34, 118, 120, 161
- proposition (incl. propositional):1, 2, 7–9, 11, 15, 26, 27, 31, 34, 51–54, 67, 68, 71, 75, 79, 122, 161
- Puga, Karin,84
Q
- Quirk, Randolph,49, 54, 73, 95, 131, 142
R
- raising (incl. raise):15, 17–18, 21–24, 29, 32, 37, 38, 76, 90, 93, 108
- Ramat, Paolo,70
- Ramchand, Gillian,16
- Rappaport, Malka,94
- Renouf, Antoinette,49
- Ricca, Davide,7, 70, 82
- Richards, Marc D.,17
- Rissanen, Matti,49
- Rizzi, Luigi,13–16, 18, 19, 25, 29, 33, 34
- Roberts, Ian,50
- root phenomena:27–28; See also Main Clause Phenomena (MCP)
- Ross, John R.,31
- Roussou, Anna,50
S
- Sakel, Jeanette,82
- Schlüter, Julia,84, 85
- Schreiber, Peter Anthony,4, 8, 9, 31, 77
- Seely, T. Daniel,18
- semanticization of inferences:53, 60–61
- sentential negation:12, 19, 21–25, 40, 41, 44, 45, 93, 96, 134; See also Polarity Phrase (PolP)
- Seppänen, Aimo,53
- Shlonsky, Ur,13
- Simon-Vandenbergen, Anne-Marie,4, 5, 55, 56, 60, 73–75, 82, 83, 86, 103, 128, 131, 142, 143, 144, 147, 153, 158
- Sleeman, Petra,94
- Smirnova, Elena,9, 142
- Smith, Neil,16
- Smitterberg, Erik,84
- speaking:5, 8, 31, 77–78, 83, 111–113, 114, 119, 159, 160
- Speas, Peggy,31–33
- speech act:31, 54
- domain,31–32
- verb,32
- adverb,78, 114
- spelling variants:85, 139, 154
- Starke, Mical,50
- Sugioka, Yoko,49
- Svartvik, Jan,49
- Swan, Toril,2–7, 9, 50, 61, 66–72, 75, 78–80, 82, 83, 86, 87, 99, 114, 139, 142, 154, 157, 160
- Sweetser, Eve E.,48
- switch context:59–60
T
- Tabor, Whitney,50
- Taylor, Ann,69
- Tenny, Carol,31, 32, 33
- Thomason, Sarah G.,82
- Thompson, Sandra A.,26–28, 93
- Timberlake, A.,46, 47
- to speak:77–78, 111, 113, 114, 119, 159, 160
- topicalization:26–29, 32,
37, 38, 131
- and TopP,29
- Traugott, Elizabeth Closs,4, 5, 9, 46–55, 57, 58, 60, 61, 69, 70, 74, 77, 82, 86, 115, 117, 142, 145, 146
- Trotta, Joe,53
- Trousdale, Graeme,47
- truth intensifier:79, 81, 82, 114, 160
U
- universal hierarchy of clausal functional projections:13; See also functional projections, adverb-related
V
- verb: finite,17, 21–25, 37, 38, 40,
42–44, 58,
73, 90, 92, 106, 131,
134, 136, 158
- lexical,16, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 35, 42, 73, 77, 90, 92, 134, 158
- non-finite,10, 11, 21–25, 40–43, 92
- non-lexical,10, 16, 17–19, 21, 22, 23, 25, 29, 37, 38, 40–42, 43, 44, 73, 90, 92, 132, 158
- V2: language,69, 71
- word order,71, 80
W
- Walkden, George,69
- Walker, Terry,84
- Waltereit, Richard,61, 63
- Wasow, Thomas,94
- Western, August,81, 111, 137, 138, 153
- White, Peter,55
- Wiemer, Bjørn,144
- Wierzbicka, Anna,9
- Wilkins, David,57, 60
- Williams, Edwin,94
- Winter-Froemel, Esme,57, 61
- Woods, Rebecca,31–33, 118
- Wrenn, Charles Leslie,82
Z
- Zanuttini, Raffaella,36
- Zirker, Angelika,57, 61
- Zwicky, Arnold M.,459
Ü
- Ürögdi, Barbara,28, 29
