In:Structures, Strategies and Beyond: Studies in honour of Adriana Belletti
Edited by Elisa Di Domenico, Cornelia Hamann and Simona Matteini
[Linguistik Aktuell/Linguistics Today 223] 2015
► pp. 237–256
Transferring strategies and the nature of transfer
Published online: 27 August 2015
https://doi.org/10.1075/la.223.11did
https://doi.org/10.1075/la.223.11did
I concentrate here on Adriana Belletti’s finding (2007, 2009a in particular) that different languages adopt different (but with a constrained variational pattern) strategies to answer the same question concerning the identification of the subject, and that answering strategies of the first language are characteristically transferred to a second language (Belletti & Leonini 2004; Belletti, Bennati & Sorace 2007). I outline a model in which transfer is an option occurring in the derivation when a formal property of a lexical item is not acquired. I assume that the acquisition of a lexical item functional structure and of its sound- meaning pair (Borer 2005) are dissociated, the latter preceding the former. I finally argue that transfer of strategies in L2 Italian is due to specific properties of pro not (yet) acquired.
References (54)
Belletti, Adriana. 2001. Inversion as focalization. In Inversion in Romance and the Theory of Universal Grammar, Aafke Hulk & Jean-Yves Pollock (eds), 60–90. Oxford: OUP.
. 2004. Aspects of the low IP area. In The Structure of CP and IP. The Cartography of Syntactic Structures, Vol. 2, Luigi Rizzi (ed.), 16–51. Oxford: OUP.
. 2005a. Answering with a cleft. The role of the null subject parameter and the vP periphery. In Proceedings of the XXX Incontro di Grammatica Generativa, Laura Brugé, Giuliana Giusti, Nicola Munaro, Walter Schweikert & Giuseppina Turano (eds), 63–82. Venezia: Cafoscarina.
. 2007. Answering strategies. A view from acquisition. In Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 2005 [Current Issues in Linguistic Theory 291], Sergio Baauw, Frank Drijkonigen & Manuela Pinto (eds), 19–38. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
. 2009a. Answering strategies. New information subjects and the nature of clefts. In Structures and Strategies, Chapter 10, Adriana Belletti.London: Routledge.
. 2009b. Pronouns at the edge of the clause. In Structures and Strategies, Chapter 11, Adriana Belletti.London: Routledge.
. 2012. Revisting the CP of clefts. In Discourse and Grammar. From Sentence Types to Lexical Categories [Studies in Generative Grammar 112], Ede Zimmermann & Günther Grewendorf (eds), 91–114. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
. 2013. On fin: Italian che, Japanese no, and the selective properties of the copula in clefts. In Deep Insights, Broad Perspectives. Essays in Honor of Mamoru Saito, Yoichi Miyamoto, Daiko Takahashi, Hideki Maki, Masao Ochi,Koji Sugisaki & Asako Uchibori (eds), 41–55. Tokyo: Kaitakusha.
. 2015. The focus map of clefts: Extraposition and Predication. In Beyond Functional Sequence, Ur Shlonsky (ed.), 42–59. Oxford: OUP.
Belletti, Adriana, Bennati, Elisa & Sorace, Antonella. 2007. Theoretical and developmental issues in the syntax of subjects: Evidence from near-native Italian. Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 25: 657–689.
Belletti, Adriana & Leonini, Chiara. 2004. Subject inversion in L2 Italian. In Eurosla Yearbook 4, Susan Forster Cohen, Michael Sharwood Smith, Antonella Sorace & Mitsuhiko Ota (eds), 95–118. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Bennati, Elisa & Di Domenico, Elisa. 2008. Individual and task- related differences in the L2 acquisition of English ‘s- Genitive Constructions by native speakers of Italian, Poster presented at the XVIII Colóquio de Gramática Generativa, Lisboa, April 17–19.
Bloomfield, Leonard. 1945. About foreign language teaching. The Yale Review 34: 625–641. Reprinted in A Leonard Bloomfield Anthology, Charles F. Hockett (ed.), 1970, 297–309. Chicago IL: University of Chicago Press.
Borer, Hagit. 1984. Parametric Syntax: Case studies in Semitic and Romance languages. Dordrecht: Foris.
Calabrese, Andrea. 1986. Pronomina. In Papers in Theoretical Linguistics, Naoki Fukui, Tova R. Rapoport & Elizabeth Sagey (eds), 1–46. Cambridge MA: MITWPL.
Carminati, Maria Nella. 2002. The Processing of Italian Subject Pronouns. Ph.D. dissertation, University of Massachussetts at Amherst.
Cruschina, Silvio. 2012. Discourse-Releted Features and Functional Projections. Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press.
de Villiers, Jill. 1996. Defining the open and closed program for acquisition: The case of wh-questions. In Towards a Genetics of Language, Mabel Rice (ed.), 145–184. Hillsdale NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Di Domenico, Elisa. 2012. Focus and Focus positions: The case of Perugino. In Enjoy Linguistics! Papers offered to Luigi Rizzi on the occasion of his 60th birthday, Valentina Bianchi & Cristiano Chesi (eds), 117–133. Siena: CISCL Press.
. 2013. Setting parameters in L2A: On the English ‘s morpheme. In Proceedings of the 12th Generative Approaches to Second Language Acquisition (GASLA 2013), Jennifer Cabrelli-Amaro, Tiffany Judy & Diego Pascual y Cabo (eds), 32–38. Sommerville CA: Cascadilla Press.
Doca, George.1979. A psycholinguistic approach to linguistic interference. International Journal of Psycholinguistics 6(1): 5–25.
Dulay, Heidy & Burt, Marina.1974. You can’t learn without goofing. An analysis of children’s second language ‘errors’. In Error Analysis: Perspectives on Second Language Acquisition, Jack Richards (ed.), 95–123. London: Longman.
Falk, Ylva & Bardel, Camilla. 2010. The study of the role of the background languages in third language acquisition. The state of the art. International Review of Applied Linguistics48:185–219.
Genevska – Hanke, Dobrinka. 2012. New information focus and null subjects in Bulgarian: An empirical study. Talk delivered at CISCL, University of Siena.
Hamann, Cornelia & Belletti, Adriana. 2006. Developmental patterns in the acquisition of complement clitics pronouns. Comparing different acquisition modes with some emphasis on French. Rivista di Grammatica Generativa 31: 213–219.
Hamann, Cornelia, Penner, Zvi & Lindner, Katrin. 1998. German impaired grammar: The clause structure revisited. Language Acquisition 7: 193–245.
Haugen, Einar. 1953. The Norwegian Language in America. Philadelphia PA: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Hermans, Dirk, Bongaerts, Theo, de Bot, Kees & Schreuder, Robert 1998. Producing words in a foreign language: Can speakers prevent interference from their first language? Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 1: 213–219.
Hulk, Aafke & Müller, Natasha. 2000. Crosslinguistic influence at the interface between syntax and pragmatics. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 3: 227–244.
Hyams, Nina. 1996. The underspecification of functional categories in early grammar. In Generative Perspectives in Language Acquisition [Language Acquisition and Language Disorders 14],Harald Clahsen (ed.), 91–128. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Ionin, Tania & Zubizarreta, Maria Luisa. 2010. Introduction to the special issue: Selective First Language Influence and Retreat from Negative Transfer. Second Language Research 26(3): 283–291.
Lardiere, Donna. 2008. Feature assembly in second language acquisition. In The Role of Formal Features in Second Language Acquisition, Juana Liceras, Helmut Zobl & Helen Goodluck (eds), 106–140. New York NY: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Penner, Zvi & Roeper, Thomas. 1998. Trigger theory and the acquisition of complement idioms. In Essays in Language Acquisition: Festschrift in Honour of Jürgen Weissenborn, Norbert Dittmar & Zvi Penner (eds), 77–111. Bern: Peter Lang.
Richards, Jack. (ed). 1974. Error Analysis: Perspectives on Second Language Acquisition. London: Longman.
Rizzi, Luigi. 1997. The fine structure of the left periphery. In Elements of Grammar, Liliane Haegeman (ed.), 281–337. Dordrecht: Kluwer.
. 2005. On some properties of subjects and topics. In Proceedings of the XXX Incontro di Grammatica Generativa, Laura Brugé, Giuliana Giusti, Nicola Munaro, Walter Schweikert & Giuseppina Turano (eds), 203–224. Venezia: Cafoscarina.
. 2006. On the form of chains: Criterial positions and ECP effects. In Wh- Movement: Moving on, Lisa Cheng & Norbert Corver (eds), 97–133. Cambridge MA: The MIT Press.
. 2011. On the elements of syntactic variation. In StiL (Studies in Linguistics – CISCL Working Papers in Linguistics) Vol. 4, Emilio Servidio & Vincenzo Moscati (eds), 242–264. Cambridge MA: MITWPL.
Roeper, Thomas. 1996. The role of merger theory and formal features in acquisition. In Generative Perspectives in Language Acquisition [Language Acquisition and Language Disorders 14], Harald Clahsen (ed.), 415–450. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Schwartz, Bonnie & Sprouse, Rex. 1996. L2 cognitive states and the Full Transfer/Full Access model. Second Language Research 12(1): 40–72.
Sheldon, Amy. 1974. The role of parallel function in the acquisition of relative clauses in English. Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour 13: 272–281.
Sorace, Antonella. 2011. Pinning down the concept of ‘interface’ in bilingualism. Linguistic Approaches to Bilingualism 1: 1–33.
Sorace, Antonella & Filiaci, Francesca. 2006. Anaphora resolution in near-native speakers of Italian. Second Language Research 22: 339–368.
Soriano, Olga. 1989. Strong pronouns in null-subject languages and the Avoid Pronoun Principle. MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 11: 228–240.
Tsimpli, Ianthi, Sorace, Antonella, Heycock, Caroline & Filiaci, Francesca. 2004. First language attrition and syntactic subjects: A study of Greek and Italian near-native speakers of English. International Journal of Bilingualism 8: 257–277.
Weinreich, Uriel. 1952. Languages in Contact. New York NY: Publications of the Linguistic Circle of New York.
