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Article published In: Studies of Bilingual Processing Presented to Kenneth I. Forster
Edited by Nan Jiang
[Journal of Second Language Studies 4:2] 2021
► pp. 353–374

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Bilingual lexical representation

We have some words to say

 | Western Sydney University, Australia
 | Western Sydney University, Australia
Published online: 2 September 2021
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/jsls.21015.dav
Abstract
This paper has two aims: (1) to examine evidence for noncognate translation priming from cross-language masked priming studies of printed words. (2) to introduce an automatic procedure for creating masked speech priming experiments. For (1) we conducted two meta-analyses that aggregated evidence from masked translation priming studies in the L1 to L2 and L2 to L1 prime-target directions. These showed that there was evidence of significant priming for both directions, and that priming was larger for the L1-L2 direction. The analyses revealed considerable heterogeneity in outcomes, particularly for priming in the L1 to L2 direction. For (2) we outlined some of the practical difficulties that are involved in implementing a masked speech priming experiment and offered a largely automated solution (that we will make available).
We then briefly considered whether the work with written primes and targets may translate to the spoken medium.
Article outline
  • Cross-language connections
  • Masked priming, what is it?
  • Investigating bilingual connections between printed words: Low-hanging fruit?
  • Factors that affect masked translation priming with printed words
    • Step A
    • Step B
    • Step C
    • Step D
    • Steps E
  • Notes
  • References
References (57)
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Zhang, Nan, Zhiyi Wu & Min Wang
2025. Cross-language phonological activation in bilingual visual word recognition: A meta-analysis. Psychonomic Bulletin & Review 32:5 ► pp. 2059 ff. DOI logo
Zhao, Quanbei, Jia Li, Wenxin Xiong & Hongbing Xing
2024. Number of translations and translation direction in masked translation priming: evidence from unbalanced English–Chinese bilinguals. Frontiers in Psychology 15 DOI logo

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