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Article published In: Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages
Vol. 35:1 (2020) ► pp.37–61

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Pidginization in Abha, Saudi Arabia

Pathways to multifunctionality

 | Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Saudi Arabia
Published online: 13 May 2020
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https://doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.00047.azr
Abstract
This study focuses on a pidgin predominantly used by Asian immigrants in the city of Abha in the southwestern region of Saudi Arabia, examining multifunctionality as it appears in three grammatical categories, definiteness, predication, and pronouns. Whereas previous studies on Gulf Arabic Pidgin have described the variety in terms of multifunctionality (e.g. 2004. Arabic Pidgins and Creoles from a Comparative Perspective. Romano-Arabica 31.25–40.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; . 2014. The multifunctionality of fii in Gulf Pidgin Arabic. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 29 (2). 410–436. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar, and Potsdam, Eric and Alanazi, Mohammad. 2014. Fi in Gulf Pidgin Arabic, Kansas Working Papers in Linguistics 351. 9–29.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar), the current study focuses on the different pathways that bring it about. Three types of multifunctionality are described in terms of refunctionalization, generalization and neutralization. hada (< *haaða ‘this’) is refunctionalized to mark definiteness and as a deictic marker fills the function of the demonstrative. fī, (< *fi ‘at, exist’) has multiple functions being used as a preposition, an existential marker in the meaning of ‘there is/are’, a generalized predicate marker when occurring before adjectival, nominal and verbal predicates. The pronominal system shows simplification from ten to five pronouns only. The study is based on data collected in interviews with a random sample of twenty-four Asian participants of both sexes. Their ages ranged from 26 to 45 years old and their length of stay in Saudi Arabia ranged from four to nine years. They occupied different jobs. A total of twenty nine hours of audio-visual interview data were analysed.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
    • 1.1Brief background
    • 1.2Previous studies on pidgins in the Arabian Peninsula
    • 1.3Multifunctionality
  • 2.Method
  • 3.Analysis and discussion
    • 3.1Definiteness and shared knowledge
    • 3.2Multifunctionality & fī
      • 3.2.1 fī as a preposition
      • 3.2.2Existential fī
      • 3.2.3 fī as predicate marker
      • 3.2.4 fī as marker of shared knowledge
      • 3.2.5Summary
    • 3.3Pronouns
  • 4.Conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • Abbreviations
  • References
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