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Article published In: Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages
Vol. 33:1 (2018) ► pp.48–91

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Singaporean internet chit chat compared to informal spoken language

Linguistic variation and indexicality in a language contact situation

 | University of Muenster, Germany
 | University of Freiburg, Germany
 | University of Trier, Germany
Published online: 7 May 2018
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https://doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.00002.deu
Abstract
This paper compares data from a Singaporean chit chat forum to informal spoken data. We first perform a qualitative analysis of text samples in a framework of indexicality. Then we present quantitative findings for two (sets of) features each of the contact variety Singlish (particles, the kena-passive) and spoken English in general (discourse markers, contractions). For the former some similarities are observed but we also find that the forum contributors tend to be creative and innovative in their choice of particles. In this connection we argue that they index specific subgroup identities and further point out that Singlish is a rather flexible set of resources. Our findings differ from those of previous research on Jamaican Creole as used in an internet forum, thus showing that the use of contact varieties in computer-mediated communication can take different forms. The general features of spoken English are used comparatively less in the forum data, indicating that using Singlish features in writing is not tantamount to writing down spoken language. Moreover, we draw attention to features of computer-mediated communication in in the chit chat forum data. Finally we discuss implications in terms of the Dynamic Model of the evolution of Postcolonial Englishes (Schneider, Edgar W. 2007. Postcolonial English: Varieties around the world. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar).
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Major strands in CMC research and present research questions
  • 3.Previous research on Singlish and spoken language features in Singaporean CMC
  • 4.The sociolinguistic situation in Singapore and its theoretical modelling
  • 5.Data
  • 6.Analysis of text extracts
  • 7.Quantitative findings
    • 7.1Features associated with Singlish
      • 7.1.1Discourse particles
      • 7.1.2 The kena-passive
    • 7.2General features of spoken English
      • 7.2.1Discourse markers
      • 7.2.2Contractions
  • 8.Conclusion
  • Notes
  • References
References (101)
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