Cover not available

Introduction published In: Critical perspectives on gender, politics and violence
Edited by Eleonora Esposito
[Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict 9:1] 2021
► pp. 1–20

Get fulltext from our e-platform
JBE logo with link
PDF logo with download linkDownload PDF
authorization required

Introduction

Critical perspectives on gender, politics and violence

ORCiD logo with link | University of Navarra, Spain
Published online: 23 April 2021
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/jlac.00051.int
Article outline
  • 1.For a discursive approach to gender-based violence
  • 2.Glass ceilings and gatekeepers: Triangulating violence, gender and politics
  • 3.A new continuum of violence
  • 4.Intersectional patterns of gender-based violence
  • References
References (75)
References
Androutsopoulos, Jannis, and Jana Tereick. 2015. “YouTube: Language and Discourse Practices in Participatory Culture.” In The Routledge Handbook of Language and Digital Communication, edited by Jannis Androutsopoulos and Jana Tereick, 354–370. London: Routledge.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Atalanta. 2018. (Anti)Social Media: The Benefits and Pitfalls of Digital for Female Politicians. [URL]
Baker, Paul, Costas Gabrielatos, Majid KhosraviNik, Michał Krzyżanowski, Tony McEnery, and Ruth Wodak. 2008. “A Useful Methodological Synergy? Combining Critical Discourse Analysis and Corpus Linguistics to examine Discourses of Refugees and Asylum Seekers in the UK Press.” Discourse & Society 19(3): 273–306. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bardall, Gabrielle. 2017. “The Role of Information and Communication Technologies in Facilitating and Resisting Gendered Forms of Political Violence.” In Gender, Technology and Violence, edited by Marie Segrave and Laura Vitis, 100–117. Abingdon, Oxon and New York, N.Y.: Routledge. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2018. “Violence, Politics, and Gender.” Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. February 26, 2018. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2020. “An Overview of Policy Responses and Solutions to Violence against Women in Politics.” European Journal of Politics and Gender 3(2): 299–301. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bardall, Gabrielle, Elin Bjarnegård, and Jennifer M. Piscopo. 2019. “How is Political Violence Gendered? Disentangling Motives, Forms, and Impacts.” Political Studies 68(4): 916–935. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bjarnegård, Elin, and Pär Zetterberg (forthcoming). “Introduction: Gender, Politics and Violence.” In Gender and Violence against Political Actors, edited by Elin Bjarnegård and Pär Zetterberg.
Boyle, Karen. 2019. #MeToo, Weinstein and Feminism. London: Palgrave Pivot. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bruns, Axel, Gunn Enli, Eli Skogerbo, Anders Olof Larsson, and Christian Christensen (eds). 2016. The Routledge Companion to Social Media and Politics. New York: Routledge.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Butler, Judith. 2009. “Performativity, Precarity and Sexual Politics.” AIBR. Revista de Antropología Iberoamericana 4(3): i–xiii. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Campus, Donatella. 2013. Women Political Leaders and the Media. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Charlton, Sue Ellen, Jana Everett, and Kathleen Staudt (eds). 1989. Women, the State and Development. Albany: State University of New York Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Cho, Sumi, Kimberlé Crenshaw, and Leslie McCall. 2013. “Toward a Field of Intersectionality Studies: Theory, Applications, and Praxis.” Signs 38(4): 785–810. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Council of Europe. 2011. “Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence.” May 11. CETS No.210 [URL]
Crenshaw, Kimberlé. 1989. “Demarginalizing the Intersection of Race and Sex: A Black Feminist Critique of Antidiscrimination Doctrine, Feminist Theory and Antiracist Politics.” University of Chicago Legal Forum Iss. 1 Art. 81: 139–67.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 1991. “Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color.” Stanford Law Review 43(6): 1241–299. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2003. “Traffic at the Crossroads: Multiple Oppressions.” In Sisterhood is Forever: The Women’s Anthology for a New Millennium, edited by Robin Morgan, 43–47. New York: Washington Square Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Davies, Sara E., and Jacqui True (eds). 2019. The Oxford Handbook of Women, Peace, and Security. New York: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Davis, Kathy. 2008. “Intersectionality as a Buzzword: A Sociology of Science Perspective on what Makes a Feminist Theory Successful.” Feminist Theory 9(1): 67–85. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2020. “Who Owns Intersectionality? Some Reflections on Feminist Debates on How Theories Travel.” European Journal of Women’s Studies 27(2): 113–27. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Dhrodia, Azmina. 2018. “Unsocial Media: A Toxic Place for Women.” IPPR Progressive Review 4(4): 380–387.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Downing, Joseph, and Wasim Ahmed. 2019. “#Macronleaks as a “Warning Shot” for European Democracies: Challenges to Election Blackouts Presented by Social Media and Election Meddling during the 2017 French Presidential Election.” French Politics 17(3): 257–278. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Esposito, Eleonora. (forthcoming). “Online Violence.” In Gender and Violence against Political Actors, edited by Elin Bjarnegård and Pär Zetterberg.
Evans, Mary. 2016. The Persistence of Gender Inequality. Cambridge and Malden: Polity Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Fairclough, Norman. 2001. “The Dialectics of Discourse.” Textus 14(2): 231–242.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Guidroz, Kathleen, and Michele Tracy Berger. 2009. “A Conversation with Founding Scholars of Intersectionality: Kimberlé Crenshaw, Nira Yuval-Davis, and Michelle Fine.” In The Intersectional Approach: Transforming the Academy through Race, Class and Gender, edited by Kathleen Guidroz and Michele Berger, 61–78. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Haraldsson, Amanda, and Lena Wängnerud. 2019. “The Effect of Media Sexism on Women’s Political Ambition: Evidence from a Worldwide Study.” Feminist Media Studies 19(4): 525–541. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hill Collins, Patricia. 2018. Intersectionality as Critical Social Theory. Durham: Duke University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Houses of the Oireachtas. 2009. “Second Report: Women’s Participation in Politics.” Joint Committee on Justice, Equality Defence and Women’s Rights. October 2009.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Inter-Parliamentary Union (IPU) and Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe (PACE). 2018. “Sexism, Harassment and Violence against Women in Parliaments in Europe.” [URL]
Inter-Parliamentary Union. 2019. Percentage of Women in National Parliaments: As of 1st February 2019. [URL]
Jane, Emma. 2014. “Your a Ugly, Whorish, Slut – Understanding E-Bile”. Feminist Media Studies 14(4): 531–546. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2016. Misogyny Online: A Short (and Brutish) History. London: Sage Swifts.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Keipi, Teo, Matti Näsi, Atte Oksanen, and Pekka Räsänen. 2017. Online Hate and Harmful Content: Cross-National Perspectives. London: Routledge.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Kelly, Liz. 1987. “The Continuum of Sexual Violence.” In Women, Violence and Social Control, edited by Jalna Hanmer and Mary Maynard, 46–60. London: Palgrave Macmillan. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
KhosraviNik, Majid, and Eleonora Esposito. 2018. “Online Hate, Digital Discourse and Critique: Exploring Digitally-Mediated Discursive Practices of Gender-Based Hostility.” Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 14(1): 45–68. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Kilger, Max. 2016. “Interventions, Policies, and Future Research Directions in Cybercrime.” In The Wiley Handbook on the Psychology of Violence, edited by Carlos A. Cuevas and Callie Marie Rennison, 604–622. Chichester, U.K.: Wiley-Blackwell. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Kopytowska, Monika. 2013. “Blogging as the Mediatization of Politics and a New Form of Social Interaction – A Case Study of Polish and British Political Blogs.” In Analyzing Genres in Political Communication, edited by Piotr Cap and Urszula Okulska, 379–421. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2015. “Mediating Identity, Ideology and Values in the Public Sphere: Towards a New Model of (Constructed) Social Reality.” Lodz Papers in Pragmatics 11(2): 133–156.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Krook, Mona Lena. 2017. “Violence against Women in Politics.” Journal of Democracy 28(1): 74–88. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2020. Violence against Women in Politics. New York: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Krook, Mona Lena, and Juliana Restrepo Sanín. 2016. “Violence against Women in Politics: A Defense of the Concept.” Politica y Gobierno 23(2): 459–490.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2019. “The Cost of Doing Politics? Analyzing Violence and Harassment against Female Politicians.” Perspectives on Politics 1–16. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Krzyżanowski, Michał. 2020. “Discursive Shifts and the Normalisation of Racism: Imaginaries of Immigration, Moral Panics and the Discourse of Contemporary Right-Wing Populism.” Social Semiotics 30(4): 503–527. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Kuperberg, Rebecca. 2018. “Intersectional Violence against Women in Politics.” Politics & Gender 14(4): 685–690. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2021. “Incongruous and Illegitimate: Antisemitic and Islamophobic Semiotic Violence against Women in Politics in the United Kingdom” Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict: Special Issue on Critical Perspectives on Gender, Politics and Violence. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Lerner, Gerda. 1986. The Creation of Patriarchy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Lumsden, Karen, and Heather Morgan. 2017. “Media Framing of Trolling and Online Abuse: Silencing Strategies, Symbolic Violence, and Victim Blaming.” Feminist Media Studies 17(6): 926–940. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Lykke, Nina. 2010. Feminist Studies. A Guide to Intersectional Theory, Methodology and Writing. London: Routledge. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2011. “Intersectional Analysis: Black Box or Useful Critical Feminist Thinking Technology”. In Framing Intersectionality: Debates on a Multi-Faceted Concept in Gender Studies, edited by Helma Lutz, Maria Teresa Herrera Vivar and Linda Supik, 207–220. Ashgate: Farnham and Burlington.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Mazzoleni, Gianpietro, and Winfried Schulz. 1999. “‘Mediatization’ of Politics: A Challenge for Democracy?” Political Communication 16(3): 247–261. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
McKeon, Michael. 2005. The Secret History of Domesticity: Public, Private, and the Division of Knowledge. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
National Democratic Institute (NDI). 2018. #NotTheCost Programme Guidance for Stopping Violence against Women in Politics. Washington DC: NDI.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Noble, Safiya Umoja, and Brendesha Tynes. 2016. The Intersectional Internet: Race, Class, Sex and Culture Online. New York: Peter Lang. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Palmer, Lisa Amanda. 2020. “Diane Abbott, Misogynoir and the Politics of Black British Feminism’s Anticolonial Imperatives: ‘In Britain Too, It’s as If We Don’t Exist.’” The Sociological Review 68(3): 508–23. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Patterson, Thomas E. 2016. “Social Media: Advancing Women in Politics? Women in Parliaments Global Forum.” Harvard Kennedy School, Shorenstein Center on Media Politics and Public Policy. [URL]
Phillips, Anne. 2018. “Gender and Modernity.” Political Theory 46(6): 837–60. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Powell, Anastasia, and Nicola Henry. 2017. Sexual Violence in a Digital Age. New York, NY: Springer. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Rasulo, Margaret. 2021. “Are Gold Hoop Earrings and a Dab of Red Lipstick enough to get even Democrats on the Offensive? The Case of Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez.” Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict: Special Issue on Critical Perspectives on Gender, Politics and Violence. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Reisigl, Martin, and Ruth Wodak. 2015. “The Discourse-Historical Approach.” In Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis (3rd Revised Edition), edited by Ruth Wodak and Michael Meyer, 23–61. London: Sage.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ridgeway, Cecilia L. 2011. Framed by Gender: How Gender Inequality Persists in the Modern World. New York, NY: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ritzer, George, and Nathan Jurgenson. 2010. “Production, Consumption, Prosumption: The Nature of Capitalism in the Age of the Digital ‘Prosumer’.” Journal of Consumer Culture 10(1): 13–36. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Roig, Emilia. 2018. “Intersectionality in Europe: a Depoliticized Concept?” Völkerrechtsblog 61. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Sabbagh, Dan. 2019. “Violent Threats against MPs ‘Commonplace’, Report Warns.” The Guardian. October 18. [URL]Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Saner, Emine. 2016. “Vile Online Abuse against Female MPs ‘Needs To Be Challenged Now’.” The Guardian. June 18. [URL]Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Segrave, Marie, and Laura Vitis (eds). 2017. Gender, Technology and Violence. London: Routledge. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Smith, Christen A. 2017. “Cite Black Women Collective: Our Story.” [URL]
Staub, Alexandra. 2018 (ed.). The Routledge Companion to Modernity, Space and Gender. Abingdon, Oxon and New York, N.Y.: Routledge. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Van der Pas, Daphne Joanna, and Loes Aaldering. 2020. “Gender Differences in Political Media Coverage: A Meta-Analysis.” Journal of Communication 70(1): 114–143. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
van Zoonen, Liesbet. 2006. “The Personal, the Political and the Popular: A Woman’s Guide to Celebrity Politics.” European Journal of Cultural Studies 9(3): 287–301. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Villeséche, Florence, Sara Louise Muhr, and Martyna Śliwa. 2018. “From Radical Black Feminism to Postfeminist Hashtags: Re-claiming Intersectionality.” Ephemera: Theory & Politics in Organization 18(1): 1–16.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Wong, Joon Ian. 2017. “Top Italian Politician Laura Boldrini is Calling out Mark Zuckerberg for Ignoring Hate Speech and Fake News”. Quartz. February 15.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Wood, Elizabeth A. 2016. “Hypermasculinity as a Scenario of Power.” International Feminist Journal of Politics 18(3): 329–350. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Yuval-Davis, Nira. 2006. “Intersectionality and Feminist Politics.” European Journal of Women’s Studies 13(3): 193–209. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Cited by (20)

Cited by 20 other publications

Esposito, Eleonora & Silvia Semenzin
2025. Women’s activism online in Italy: Claiming spaces, navigating misogyny, reimagining feminisms. European Journal of Communication 40:4 ► pp. 373 ff. DOI logo
Pérez-Arredondo, Carolina
2025. An intersectional and discursive approach to identity in multicultural education: the case of the Haitian community in Chile. Journal of Gender Studies 34:1 ► pp. 47 ff. DOI logo
Pérez-Arredondo, Carolina, Anna Ivanova & Eduardo Graells-Garrido
2025. Immigrant-Friendly Stakeholders and the Use of Twitter as a Digital Third Space in Chile: Is That So?. Journal of Language and Discrimination 9:1 ► pp. 57 ff. DOI logo
Al-Rawi, Ahmed, Mina Einifar & Wendy Chun
2024. Intersectionality and the gendered discussion around Muslim Canadian politicians on Twitter. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict 12:2 ► pp. 207 ff. DOI logo
Hatzidaki, Ourania
2024. “I’ll throw acid on your pretty little face […], so wrote a genteel fanatic antifeminist”. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict DOI logo
Polyzoidou, Vagia
2024. Digital Violence Against Women: Is There a Real Need for Special Criminalization?. International Journal for the Semiotics of Law - Revue internationale de Sémiotique juridique 37:6 ► pp. 1777 ff. DOI logo
Seargeant, Philip & Korina Giaxoglou
2024. Chapter 5. 🍊🍊🍊: Political influencers as flashpoints for manufactured online aggression. In Influencer Discourse [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 349], ► pp. 128 ff. DOI logo
Vedabala, Samidha
2024. FEMINISM IN THE MUSICAL LANDSCAPE OF NORTH- EAST INDIA: AN IN-DEPTH ANALYSIS. ShodhKosh: Journal of Visual and Performing Arts 5:1 DOI logo
Awusi, Mary, David Addae & Olivia Adwoa Tiwaa Frimpong Kwapong
2023. Tackling the legislative underrepresentation of women in Ghana: Empowerment strategies for broader gender parity. Social Sciences & Humanities Open 8:1 ► pp. 100717 ff. DOI logo
Esposito, Eleonora
2023. The visual semiotics of digital misogyny: female leaders in the viewfinder. Feminist Media Studies 23:8 ► pp. 3815 ff. DOI logo
Esposito, Eleonora & Ruth Breeze
2022. Gender and politics in a digitalised world: Investigating online hostility against UK female MPs. Discourse & Society 33:3 ► pp. 303 ff. DOI logo
Esposito, Eleonora & Francesco L. Sinatora
2022. Social media discourses of feminist protest from the Arab Levant: digital mirroring and transregional dialogue. Critical Discourse Studies 19:5 ► pp. 502 ff. DOI logo
Garcés-Conejos Blitvich, Pilar
2022. Karen: Stigmatized social identity and face-threat in the on/offline nexus. Journal of Pragmatics 188 ► pp. 14 ff. DOI logo
Silva-Paredes, Daniela & Daniela Ibarra Herrera
2022. Resisting anti-democratic values with misogynistic abuse against a Chilean right-wing politician on Twitter: The #CamilaPeluche incident. Discourse & Communication 16:4 ► pp. 426 ff. DOI logo
Alam, Zainab
2021. Violence against women in politics. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict 9:1 ► pp. 21 ff. DOI logo
Esposito, Eleonora & Sole Alba Zollo
2021. “How dare you call her a pig, I know several pigs who would be upset if they knew”*. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict 9:1 ► pp. 47 ff. DOI logo
Kopytowska, Monika
2021. Xenophobia, misogyny and rape culture. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict 9:1 ► pp. 76 ff. DOI logo
Kuperberg, Rebecca
2021. Incongruous and illegitimate. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict 9:1 ► pp. 100 ff. DOI logo
Pérez-Arredondo, Carolina & Eduardo Graells-Garrido
2021. Twitter and abortion. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict 9:1 ► pp. 127 ff. DOI logo
Rasulo, Margaret
2021. Are gold hoop earrings and a dab of red lipstick enough to get even Democrats on the offensive?. Journal of Language Aggression and Conflict 9:1 ► pp. 155 ff. DOI logo

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 13 november 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.

Mobile Menu Logo with link to supplementary files background Layer 1 prag Twitter_Logo_Blue