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Article published In: Journal of English-Medium Instruction
Vol. 1:1 (2022) ► pp.7–28

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Language policy and planning for English-medium instruction in higher education

 | University of Gothenburg
 | University of Maryland, Baltimore County
 | The Education University of Hong Kong
Published online: 21 January 2022
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https://doi.org/10.1075/jemi.21021.ou
Abstract
This article presents English-medium instruction (EMI) in higher education (HE) from a language policy and planning (LPP) perspective. Based on a review of EMI policy research in diverse higher education contexts, we address several key contemporary policy tensions in EMI such as English native-speakerism, English monolingualism, and language education with attention to corpus, status and acquisition planning as well as the role of individual policy actors. In light of this review, we argue for an orientation to policymaking for EMI-HE institutions that acknowledges the value of individuals as policy arbiters and aligns institutional goals with “on the ground” needs and practices. We also point to areas of future research that would benefit all EMI stakeholders, in particular critical engagement with the nature of language competence in EMI settings and the enhanced development of evidence-based EMI learning outcomes. Finally, we propose an ecological framework for EMI-HE policy development that could be employed as a heuristic to guide universities in designing concrete EMI policies for their local contexts. As an extension, we also offer an inventory of reflective questions to guide key university stakeholders in effectively engaging in EMI policy processes.
简介
本文以语言政策与规划 (LPP) 为视角，回顾了英文作为教学媒介语 (EMI) 在高等教育 (HE) 环境中的现状。本文着重探索不同高等教育背景下的EMI 政策研究，在探讨 EMI 政策制定与执行的挑战时采用了以下四个角度: 语料规划、语言地位规划、语言学习规划和个体政策执行者所扮演的角色。文章指出英文母语主义、英文单语主义和语言教育困境等均为目前面临的问题。基于此, 我们认为个体作为政策仲裁者的价值在EMI高等教育机构的政策制定和实施过程中应获得更多关注，并且宏观政策目标应与“实地”语言需求和实践保持一致。我们还指出 EMI 领域 的未来研究方向，强调 EMI 政策研究需要重新定义该教育环境中语言能力的本质以及发展关于 EMI 对课程和语言学习成果影响的实证研究。最后，文章为高等教育中的 EMI 政策制定提出了一个生态系统框架; 该框架可供高等教育语言政策制定者针对当地情况设计具体的 EMI 政策。我们同时还提供了一系列反思性问题, 旨在于帮助各级政策制定和执行者更行之有效地参与 EMI 政策过程。
Article outline
  • Introduction
  • Where are we now?
    • Language corpus planning
    • Language status planning
    • Language acquisition planning
    • Policy actors
  • Where should we go next?
  • What do we put into practice?
  • Acknowledgements
  • References
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