Cover not available

Article published In: Journal of Asian Pacific Communication
Vol. 34:2 (2024) ► pp.156–179

Get fulltext from our e-platform
JBE logo with link
PDF logo with download linkDownload PDF
EPUB logo with download linkDownload EPUB
authorization required

Unearthing the disabling perplexities of a Filipino PLHIV online community on X’s #PLHIVDiaries as socially shared inquiry fostering pakikipagkapwa

 | Polytechnic University of the Philippines
 | University of the Philippines
 | University of the Philippines
 | University of Hawaii at Manoa
Published online: 8 July 2024
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/japc.00108.gam
Abstract
Filipino People living with HIV (PLHIV) have used X, formerly Twitter, as an avenue to make sense of what it means to live with HIV in the Philippines. However, big data analyses do not provide a comprehensive investigation of X as a community. Grounded in the concepts of Alfonso, H. C. (1992). On the logic of socially shared inquiry: An examination of participatory research and related development efforts from a communication process perspective [PhD dissertation]. University of Pennsylvania. socially shared inquiry (SSI), this paper discusses how this discursive process of sense-making and sense-giving occurs in an X hashtag called #PLHIVDiaries through analyzing and interpreting tweets (n = 1089) that narrate the daily experiences of Filipino PLHIV. This describes how their different struggles are framed and reframed through SSI process which unravels disabling perplexities such as problem, barrier, conflict, absence, dilemma, and error. Among the non-disabling frames that serve as a foil to disabling perplexities, we identified a variety of tweets that contained testimonies, personal triumphant stories, and answers to problems that were endorsed and authenticated by community members.
Article outline
  • Introduction
  • Literature review
    • Analytic framework
  • Methodology
    • Data gathering
    • Ethical considerations
  • Results and discussion
  • Orgy of social, cultural, and systemic infections
    • Problem
    • Barrier
    • Conflict
    • Dilemma
    • Absence
    • Error
  • Discursive process of SSI in #PLHIVDiaries
  • #PLHIVDiaries as pakikipagkapwa
  • Conclusion
  • Note
  • References
References (38)
References
Ad Standards Council for Responsible Advertising. (2019). Guidebook. Makati, Metro Manila; Ad Standards CouncilGoogle Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Aguiling-Dalisay, G. H. (2013). Sikolohiyang Pilipino sa Ugnayan ng Pahinungod: Pakikipagkapwa at pagbabangong-dangal ng mga Pilipino. Daluyan: Journal ng Wikang Filipino, 19(2).Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ahmed, W., Bath, P. and Demartini, G. (2017). Chapter 4 Using Twitter as a Data Source: An Overview of Ethical, Legal, and Methodological Challenges. In: Woodfield, K., (ed.) The Ethics of Online Research. Advances in Research Ethics and Integrity (2). Emerald, pp. 79–107. ISBN 978-1-78714-486-6. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Alfonso, H. C. (1992). On the logic of socially shared inquiry: An examination of participatory research and related development efforts from a communication process perspective [PhD dissertation]. University of Pennsylvania.
Canete, J. J., & del Castillo, F. A. (2022). Pakikipagkapwa (Fellowship): Towards an interfaith dialogue with the religious others. Religions, 13(5), 459. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Chirambo, L., Valeta, M., Banda Kamanga, T. M., & Nyondo-Mipando, A. L. (2019). Factors influencing adherence to antiretroviral treatment among adults accessing care from private health facilities in Malawi. BMC public health, 19(1), 1–11. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Crisostomo, S. (2019, September 2). Doh conserves HIV meds amid shortage. [URL]. Retrieved January 13, 2023, from [URL]
DOH = Department of Health (2020). A Briefer on the Philippine HIV Estimates. Retrieved October 1, 2022, from [URL]
Doyle, K. L., Woods, S. P., Morgan, E. E., Iudicello, J. E., Cameron, M. V., Gilbert, P. E., Beltran, J., & HIV Neurobehavioral Research Program (HNRP) Group (2016). Health-Related Decision-Making in HIV Disease. Journal of clinical psychology in medical settings, 23(2), 135–146. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Elo, S., Kääriäinen, M., Kanste, O., Pölkki, T., Utriainen, K., & Kyngäs, H. (2014). Qualitative Content Analysis: A Focus on Trustworthiness. SAGE Open, 4(1). Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Embate, J. M., Ordinario, M. C., & Batu, A. (2019). The Kapwa in Compassion: Examining Compassionate Health Care for Violence Against Women (VAW) Victims Among PGH Health Care Providers. In M. J. Dutta & D. B. Zapata (Eds.), Communicating for Social Change: Meaning, Power, and Resistance (pp. 87–108). Springer.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Fumaz, C. R., Munoz-Moreno, J. A., Moltó, J., Negredo, E., Ferrer, M. J., Sirera, G., Pérez-Alvarez, N., Gómez, G., Burger, D., & Clotet, B. (2005). Long-term neuropsychiatric disorders on Efavirenz-based approaches. JAIDS Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes, 38(5), 560–565. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Gangcuangco, L. M. (2019). HIV crisis in the Philippines: Urgent actions needed. The Lancet Public Health, 4(2). Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Guo, Y., & Goh, D. H. L. (2014). “I Have AIDS”: Content analysis of postings in HIV/AIDS support group on a Chinese microblog. Computers in Human Behavior, 341, 219–226. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Krippendorff, K. (2004). Content analysis: An introduction to its methodology. SAGE.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Malik, A., Antonino, A., Khan, M. L., & Nieminen, M. (2021). Characterizing HIV discussions and engagement on Twitter. Health and Technology, 111, 1237–1245. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Maulsby, C. H., Ratnayake, A., Hesson, D., Mugavero, M. J., & Latkin, C. A. (2020). A scoping review of employment and HIV. AIDS and Behavior, 241, 2942–2955. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Miller, J. (2022). Religion in the Philippines. Retrieved January 12, 2023, from [URL]
Mooney, A. (2005). Somebody wants to be normal: an account of an HIV narrative. Medical Humanities, 311, 72–80. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Neto, A. de O., & Júnior, K. R. de C. (2019). Internet and HIV/aids: A virtual ethnography on Facebook. nterface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação, 231, e180580. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Odlum, M., Yoon, S., Broadwell, P., Brewer, R., & Kuang, D. (2018). How Twitter can support the HIV/AIDS response to achieve the 2030 eradication goal: in-depth thematic analysis of World AIDS day Tweets. JMIR public health and surveillance, 4(4), e10262. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
O’Connor, C., & Joffe, H. (2020). Intercoder Reliability in Qualitative Research: Debates and Practical Guidelines. International Journal of Qualitative Methods, 191: 1–13. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Pretty, J. N. (1995). Participatory learning for sustainable agriculture. World development, 23(8), 1247–1263. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Quilantang, M. I., Bermudez, A. N., & Operario, D. (2020). Reimagining the future of HIV service implementation in the Philippines based on lessons from covid-19. AIDS and Behavior, 24(11), 3003–3005. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Restar, A. J., Adia, A., Nazareno, J., Hernandez, L., Sandfort, T., Lurie, M., Cu-Uvin, S., & Operario, D. (2019). Barriers and facilitators to uptake of condoms among Filipinx transgender women and cisgender men who have sex with men: A situated socio-ecological perspective. Global Public Health, 15(4), 520–531. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Reyes, J. (2015). Loób and Kapwa: An Introduction to a Filipino Virtue Ethics. Asian Philosophy, 25(2), 148–171. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Samuel, K. (2021). People Living with HIV in the media: Irresponsible, Unhealthy, and ‘Other’. Retrieved October 1, 2022, from [URL]
Senate of the Philippines. (2023). Country needs 10 doctors for every 10,000 Filipinos – Tolentino. Retrieved December 1, 2023, from [URL]
Solis, C. U. (2023). Pakikipagkapwa-Tao and Bayanihan Spirit in Community Pantries: Paul Ricoeur on Filipinos as Responsible Human Beings. RELIGION AND SOCIAL COMMUNICATION Journal of the, 1651.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Taggart, T., Grewe, M. E., Conserve, D. F., Gliwa, C., Roman Isler, M. (2015). Social Media and HIV: A Systematic Review of Uses of Social Media in HIV Communication. J Med Internet Res. 17(11), e248. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Townsend, L., & Wallace, C. (2016). Social media research: A guide to ethics. The University of Aberdeen. Retrieved October 1, 2022, from [URL]
Tuppal, C. P., Ninobla, M. M. G., Reñosa, M. D. C., Ruiz, M. G. D., Loresco, R. C., Tuppal, S. M. P., & Panes, I. I. (2019). Living with HIV/AIDS among men having sex with men (MSM) in the Philippines: Internet ethnography of HIV life stages. Journal of Global Health Reports, 31. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Turner, B. J. (2002). Adherence to antiretroviral therapy by human immunodeficiency virus–infected patients. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 185(s2). Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Villanueva, R. (2022, December 2). Nearly 13,000 Hiv cases logged this year. Philstar Global. Retrieved January 3, 2023, from [URL]
Wang, Y., Bannon, J. A., Roszkowska, N., Wilson, E. L., Bonett, S., Lazarus, E., … Stevens, R. (2022, February 19). From virus to viral: Content analysis of HIV-related Twitter messages among young men in the U.S. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Wenger-Treyner, E. & Wenger-Treyner, B. (2015). Communities of practice: A brief introduction.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
White, S. (2011). Depoliticizing development: the uses and abuses of participation. In The participation reader (pp. 57–69). Zed Books.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Cited by (1)

Cited by one other publication

Gamayo, George Vincent F.
2025. (In)visibility matters. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 35:2 ► pp. 157 ff. DOI logo

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 12 november 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.

Mobile Menu Logo with link to supplementary files background Layer 1 prag Twitter_Logo_Blue