Article published In: Asian Perspectives on Queer Discourse
Edited by Ke Zhang and Chao Lu
[Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 33:2] 2023
► pp. 137–158
Sexual anti-languages on social media
A Chinese case study
Published online: 20 June 2023
https://doi.org/10.1075/japc.00101.lu
https://doi.org/10.1075/japc.00101.lu
Abstract
The past decades have witnessed a growing preoccupation with gay languages across the world. However, little attention has been devoted to gay language in the Chinese context. To address the gap, this article examined the case of gay language used on a Chinese social media. Specifically speaking, we conducted a corpus-based analysis of sexual anti-languages (SA) on Blued, by following Halliday’s concept of anti-language defined as an extreme case of social dialects and the language of an anti-society. Using a total of 1,744 text-headlines collected from Blued users’ profiles, we identified and grouped Chinese SA into six categorizations. The findings reveal that Blued abounds with SA, each of which has undergone a unique formation process. In the end, we concluded by providing several directions for future research.
Keywords: China, gay language, Blued, sexual anti-languages, formation
Article outline
- Introduction
- Literature review
- Method
- Blued
- Data collection
- Analytical procedures
- Findings
- Sexual activity related anti-languages
- Body part related anti-languages
- Physical appearance related anti-languages
- Sexual relation related anti-languages
- Sex role related anti-languages
- Personality trait related anti-languages
- Concluding remarks
- Notes
References
References (38)
Baker, P., & Paknahad Jaborooty, M. (2017). ‘The sea pulled her skirt up’: The language of same-sex love in Iranian blogs. Journal of Language and Sexuality, 6(2), 205–231.
Barrett, R. (2017). From drag queens to leathermen: Language, gender, and gay. New York: Oxford University Press.
Boellstorff, T. (2004). Gay language and Indonesia: Registering belonging. Journal of Linguistic Anthropology, 14(2), 248–268.
Cage, K. (2003). Gayle: the language of Kinks & Queens: A history and dictionary of gay language in South Africa. Johannesburg: Jacana Press.
Chan, A., Lam, A., & Lui, W. (2017). Sexual minorities in Hong Kong: The secret languages of gay men and lesbian women. Unpublished manuscript, School of English, The University of Hong Kong.
Dang, T. H. (2013). A preliminary study of gay spoken language in Ho Chi Minh City. Language in India, 13(9), 448–467.
Dröschel, Y. (2007). Queering language: A love that dare not speak its name comes out of the closet. In H. Sauntson & S. Kyratzis (Eds.), Language, sexualities and desires: Cross-cultural perspectives (pp. 118–139). UK: Palgrave Macmillan.
Farrell, R. A. (1972). The argot of the homosexual subculture. Anthropological Linguistics, 14(3), 97–109.
Huang, S., & Brouwer, D. C. (2018). Negotiating performances of “real” marriage in Chinese queer xinghun. Women’s Studies in Communication, 41(2), 140–158.
Jacobs, G. (1996). Lesbian and gay male language use: A critical review of the literature. American Speech, 71(1), 49–71.
Johnsen, O. R. (2008). “He’s a big old girl!” Negotiation by gender inversion in gay men’s speech. Journal of Homosexuality, 54(1–2), 150–168.
Lucas, I. (1997). The color of his eyes: Polari and the sisters of perpetual indulgence. In A. Livia & K. Hall (Eds.), Queerly phrased: Language, gender, and sexuality (pp. 85–94). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
McCormick, T. L. (2009). A queer analysis of the discursive construction of gay identity in Gayle: the language of Kinks and Queens: A history and dictionary of gay language in South Africa (2003). Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies, 27(2):149–161.
Rojas-Berscia, L. M. (2016). Lóxoro, traces of a contemporary Peruvian genderlect. Borealis, 5(1), 157–170.
Romaine, S. (2005). Orthographic practices in the standardization of pidgins and creoles: Pidgin in Hawai’i as anti-language and anti-standard. Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages, 20(1), 101–140.
Rosales, E. H., & Careterro, M. D. (2019). Stylistics variation: Understanding gay lingo in social perspectives. The Normal Lights, 13(1), 179–202.
Rudwick, S. (2011). Defying a myth: A gay sub–culture in contemporary South Africa. Nordic Journal of African Studies, 20(2), 90–111.
Rudwick, S., & Msibi, T. (2016). Social and linguistic representations of South African same–sex relations: The case of skesana. In E. Levon & R. B. Mendes (Eds.), Language, sexuality, and power: Studies in intersectional sociolinguistics (pp. 39–59). New York: Oxford University Press.
Shalom, C. (1997). That great supermarket of desire: Attributes of the desired other in personal advertisements. In K. Harvey & C. Shalom (Eds.), Language and desire: Encoding sex, romance and intimacy (pp. 186–203). London: Routledge.
Shiau, H. (2015). Lavender Mandarin in the sites of desire: Situating linguistic performances among Taiwanese gay men. Language & Communication, 421, 1–10.
Susandi, N. K. A., Rusanti, N. P., & Sutrisna, I. P. G. (2018). Gay language in Bali: Sociolinguistics study on homosexual and bisexual men in Bali. Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 1661, 204–212.
Wang, S. (2020). Calculating dating goals: Data gaming and algorithmic sociality on Blued, a Chinese gay dating app. Information, Communication & Society, 23(2), 181–197.
Wong, A. (2008). The trouble with tongzhi: The politics of labeling among gay and lesbian Hongkongers. Pragmatics, 18(2), 277–301.
Cited by (5)
Cited by five other publications
Citlak, Amadeusz & Claude-Hélène Mayer
Tang, Tian-You, Everard Jun-Jie Ma (馬俊傑) & Brian Hok-Shing Chan
Zhang, Ke, Qiang Fang & Huibin Zhuang
Zhang, Ke & Huibin Zhuang
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 12 november 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
