Article published In: Interpersonal Argumentation
Edited by Harry Weger, Jr
[Journal of Argumentation in Context 4:1] 2015
► pp. 87–109
Irony in interpersonal conflict scenarios
Differences in ironic argument endorsement and suppression across topics
Published online: 8 June 2015
https://doi.org/10.1075/jaic.4.1.05ave
https://doi.org/10.1075/jaic.4.1.05ave
The uses of indirect argument strategies, such as irony, remain understudied. This study examined a variety of ironic arguments and the production and suppression rather than reception of those arguments. Hyperbole, understatement, rhetorical question, jocularity, and sarcasm were examined in close versus distant relationships. Findings point to a tendency to use more negative arguments in closer relationships than those that are more casual. In sum, we are more likely to be negative in closer relationships despite what our typical behavior would indicate.
Keywords: Sarcasm, Argument, Irony, Message Design
References (44)
Averbeck, Joshua M. 2013. “Comparisons of Ironic and Sarcastic Arguments in Terms of Appropriateness and Effectiveness in Personal Relationships.” Argumentation and Advocacy 501: 47–57.
. 2010. “Irony and Language Expectancy Theory: Evaluations of Expectancy Violation Outcomes.” Communication Studies 611: 356–72.
Averbeck, Joshua M., and Dale Hample. 2008. “Ironic Message Production: How and Why we Produce Ironic Messages.” Communication Monographs 751: 396–410.
Brockriede, Wayne. 1975. “Where is Argument?” Journal of the American Forensics Association 111: 179–82.
Brown, Penelope, and Stephen C. Levinson. 1978. Politeness: Some Universals in Language Usage. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Buller, David B., and Judee K. Burgoon. 2006. “Interpersonal Deception Theory.” Communication Theory 61: 203–242.
Burgoon, Judee K. 1993. “Interpersonal Expectations, Expectancy Violations, and Emotional Communication.” Journal of Language and Social Psychology 121: 30–48.
Burgoon, Michael. 1990. “Language and Social Influence.” In Handbook of Language and Social Psychology, ed. by Howard Giles and W. Peter Robinson, 51–72. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Canary, Daniel J., and Brian H. Spitzberg. 1987. “Appropriateness and Effectiveness Perceptions of Conflict Strategies.” Human Communication Research 141: 93–118.
Chesser, Chris, Irby Smith, and David S. Ward. 1989. Major League [Motion picture]. United States: Paramount Pictures.
Clark, Ruth A., and Jesse G. Delia. 1979. “TOPOI and Rhetorical Competence.” Quarterly Journal of Speech 651: 187–206.
Cody, Michael J., Daniel J. Canary, and Sandi W. Smith. 1994. “Compliance-gaining Goals: An Inductive Analysis of Actors’ Goal Types, Strategies, and Successes.” In Strategic Interpersonal Communication, ed. by John A. Daly and John M. Wiemann, 33–90. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Earlbaum.
Colston, Herbert L. 1997. “Salting a Wound or Sugaring a Pill: The Pragmatic Functions of Ironic Criticism.” Discourse Processes 231: 25–45.
Daly, John A., David J. Weber, Anita L. Vangelisti, Madeline Maxwell, and Heather Neel. 1989. “Concurrent Cognitions During Conversations: Protocol Analysis as a Means of Exploring Conversations.” Discourse Processes 121: 227–44.
Dews, Shelly, Joan Kaplan, and Ellen Winner. 1995. “Why Not Say it Directly? The Social Functions of Irony.” Discourse Processes 191: 347–67.
Dews, Shelly, and Ellen Winner. 1995. “Muting the Meaning: A Social Function of Irony.” Metaphor and Symbolic Activity 101: 3–19.
Dillard, James Price, Chris Segrin, and Janie M. Harden. 1989. “Primary and Secondary Goals in the Production of Interpersonal Influence Messages.” Communication Monographs 561: 19–38.
Ettema, James S., and Theodore L. Glasser. 2004. “The Irony in-and of-Journalism: A Case Study in the Moral Language of Liberal Democracy.” Journal of Communication 441: 5–28.
Fitzgerald, Courtney. 2013. A Qualitative Analysis of Irony as Humor in Japanese Conversation. Master’s thesis, Tohoku University.
Gibbs, Raymond W. Jr. 1986. “On the Psycholinguistics of Sarcasm.” Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 1151: 3–15.
Hample, Dale. 2000. “Cognitive Editing of Arguments and Reasons for Requests: Evidence from Think-Aloud Protocols.” Argumentation and Advocacy 371: 98–108.
Hample, Dale, and Judith M. Dallinger. 1987a. “Cognitive Editing of Argument Strategies.” Human Communication Research 141: 123–44.
. 1987b. “Self-Monitoring and the Cognitive Editing of Arguments.” Central States Speech Journal 381: 152–65.
. 1992. “The Use of Multiple Goals in Cognitive Editing of Arguments.” Argumentation and Advocacy 281: 109–22.
. 2002. “The Effects of Situation on the Use or Suppression of Possible Compliance Gaining Appeals.” In Interpersonal Communication: Advances Through Meta-Analysis, ed. by Mike Allen, Raymond W. Preiss, Barbara M. Gayle, and Nancy Burrell, 187–209. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Hample, Dale, Benjamin Warner, and Holly Norton. 2006. “The Effects of Arguing Expectations and Predispositions on Perceptions of Argument Quality and Playfulness.” Argumentation and Advocacy 431: 1–13.
Hample, Dale, Benjamin Warner, and Dorian Young. 2006. “Framing and Editing Interpersonal Arguments.” Paper presented at the meeting of the
International Society for the Study of Argumentation
, Amsterdam, Netherlands, June 2006.
Holtgraves, Thomas. 1997. “Styles of Language Use: Individual and Cultural Variability in Conversational Indirectness.” Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 731: 624–37.
Johnson, Amy Janan. 2003. “Argumentativeness and verbal aggressiveness: Type of argument as a situational constraint.” Paper presented at the
Annual Meeting of the International Communication Association
, San Diego, CA, May 2003.
Johnson, Amy Janan, Joshua M. Averbeck, Katherine M. Kelley, and Shr-Jie Liu. 2011. “When Serial Arguments Predict Harm: Examining the Influences of Argument Function, Perceived Resolvability, and Argumentativeness.” Argumentation and Advocacy 471: 214–27.
Katz, Albert N., and Christopher J. Lee. 1993. “The Role of Authorial Intent in Determining Verbal Irony and Metaphor.” Metaphor and Symbolic Activity 81: 257–79.
Kaufer, David S., and Christine M. Neuwirth. 1982. “Foregrounding Norms and Ironic Communication.” Quarterly Journal of Speech 681: 28–36.
Lampert, Martin D., and Susan M. Ervin-Tripp. 2006. “Risky Laughter: Teasing and Self-Directed Joking among Male and Female Friends.” Journal of Pragmatics 381: 51–72.
Leggitt, John S., and Raymond W. Gibbs. 2000. “Emotional Reactions to Verbal Irony.” Discourse Processes 291: 1–24.
O’Keefe, Daniel. J. 2002. “The Persuasive Effects of Variation in Standpoint Articulation.” In Advances in Pragma-Dialectics, ed. by Frans H. Van Eemeren, 65–82. Newport News, VA: Vale Press.
Cited by (8)
Cited by eight other publications
Puhacheuskaya, Veranika & Juhani Järvikivi
Ervas, Francesca & Zsuzsanna Schnell
Weng, Xin, Xiaoming Jiang & Qiaoyun Liao
Ervas, Francesca
2020.
How nice does it sound?. In Producing Figurative Expression [Figurative Thought and Language, 10], ► pp. 175 ff.
Caffarra, Sendy, Arman Motamed Haeri, Elissa Michell & Clara D. Martin
Akimoto, Yoritaka & Shiho Miyazawa
Burgers, Christian, Britta C. Brugman, Kiki Y. Renardel de Lavalette & Gerard J. Steen
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 12 november 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
