In:Computational Phraseology
Edited by Gloria Corpas Pastor and Jean-Pierre Colson
[IVITRA Research in Linguistics and Literature 24] 2020
► pp. 247–272
Too big to fail but big enough to pay for their mistakes
A collostructional analysis of the patterns [too ADJ to V] and [ADJ enough to V]
Published online: 8 May 2020
https://doi.org/10.1075/ivitra.24.13ste
https://doi.org/10.1075/ivitra.24.13ste
Abstract
In this paper, we illustrate the usefulness of the family of
methods collectively known as Collostructional Analysis for phraseological
research. Investigating two patterns, [too ADJ
to V] and [ADJ enough to V], we show
how a technique originally developed for the investigation of words and
constructions can be fruitfully applied to issues pertinent to phraseology,
such as the co-existence of compositional and idiomatic semantics and the
analysis of semantically complementary patterns more generally. To this end,
we use the three conventional methods (Simple, Distinctive and Co-varying
Collexeme Analyses) and propose a novel extension (Distinctive Co-varying
Collexeme Analysis) particularly suitable for the investigation of
complementary patterns. We show that collostructional analysis is suitable
for confirming hypotheses derived from qualitative analyses, as well as
uncovering subtle differences that are otherwise inaccessible for
non-empirical research.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Background
- 2.1Descriptive background
- 2.2Methodological background
- 3.Case studies
- 3.1Data: Source, extraction, cleaning
- 3.2Case study: Simple collexeme analysis (SCA)
- 3.3Case study: Distinctive collexeme analysis (DCA)
- 3.4Case study: Co-varying collexeme analysis (CCA)
- 3.5Case study: Distinctive co-varying collexeme analysis (DCCA)
- 4.Summary
Notes References
References (27)
Church, K. W., Gale, W., Hanks, P., & Hindle, D. (1991). Using statistics in lexical analysis. In U. Zernik (Ed.), Lexical acquisition: Exploiting on-line resources to build a lexicon (pp. 115–164). Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Evert, S. (2004). The statistics of word cooccurrences. Word pairs and collocations. (PhD Thesis, Universität Stuttgart). [URL].
(2010a). Corpus Encoding Tutorial. [URL].
(2010b). CQP query language tutorial (CWB Version 3.0). [URL].
Flach, S. (2016). Collostructions: An R implementation for the family of collostructional methods. Version 0.0.7. [URL].
(2015). Let’s go look at usage: A constructional approach to formal constraints on go-VERB. In T. Herbst, & P. Uhrig (Eds.), Yearbook of the German Cognitive Linguistics Association (Volume 3) (pp. 231–252). Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton.
Funke, S. (2007). The cfa Package. Version 0.9–3. [URL].
Gries, S. Th., & Stefanowitsch, A. (2004a). Extending collostructional analysis: A corpus- based perspective on ‘alternations’. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 9(1), 97–129.
(2004b). Covarying collexemes in the into-causative. In M. Achard & S. Kemmer (Eds.), Language, culture, and mind (pp. 225–236). Stanford, CA: CSLI.
Hilpert, M. (2014). Collostructional analysis: Measuring associations between constructions and lexical elements. In D. Glynn, & J. A. Robinson (Eds.), Corpus Methods for Semantics: Quantitative studies in polysemy and synonymy (Human Cognitive Processing, vol. 43) (pp. 391–404). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Jensen, K. E. (2014a). Too female to be ruthless and too pregnant to argue: Semantic conflict and resolution in the [too ADJ to V]-construction. Suvremena Lingvistika, 40(77), 1–26.
(2014b). This construction is too hot to handle: A corpus study of an adjectival construction. In Proceedings of the 14th Annual Meeting of the Japanese Cognitive Linguistics Association (pp. 740–748). Kyoto: Japanese Cognitive Linguistics Association.
(2015). Adjectives and usage-patterns in the [X enough to VERB]-construction. International Cognitive Linguistics Conference (ICLC-13). Northumbria University, Newcastle.
Liberman, M. (2009). No detail too small. Language Log. [URL].
Meier, C. (2003). The meaning of too, enough, and so… that. Natural Language Semantics, 11(1), 69–107.
Pedersen, T. (1996). Fishing for exactness. In Proceedings of the South-Central SAS Users Group Conference (pp. 188–200). Austin, TX: South-Central SAS Users Group.
Schäfer, R., & Bildhauer, F. (2012). Building large corpora from the web using a new efficient tool chain. In N. Calzolari, K. Choukri, T. Declerck, M. U. Doğan, B. Maegaard, J. Mariani, J. Odijk, & S. Piperidis (Eds.), Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC’12) (pp. 486–493). Istanbul: ELRA.
Stefanowitsch, A. (2011). Cognitive linguistics meets the corpus. In M. Brdar, S. Th. Gries, & M. Ž. Fuchs (Eds.), Cognitive Linguistics: Convergence and expansion (Human Cognitive Processing, vol. 32) (pp. 257–290). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
(2013). Collostructional analysis. In T. Hoffmann, & G. Trousdale (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of construction Grammar (pp. 290–306). Oxford/New York: Oxford University Press.
Stefanowitsch, A., & Flach, S. (2016). The corpus-based perspective on entrenchment. In H.-J. Schmid (Ed.), Entrenchment and the psychology of language learning. How we reorganize and adapt linguistic knowledge. (Language and the Human Lifespan). Berlin/New York: De Gruyter Mouton.
Stefanowitsch, A., & Gries, S. Th. (2003). Collostructions: Investigating the interaction of words and constructions. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 8(2), 209–243.
(2008). Channel and constructional meaning: A collostructional case study. In G. Kristiansen, & R. Dirven (Eds.), Cognitive Sociolinguistics. Language variation, cultural models, social systems (pp. 129–152). Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
(2009). Corpora and grammar. In A. Lüdeling, & M. Kytö (Eds.), Corpus linguistics: An international handbook, Vol II (Handbooks of linguistics and communication science 29) (pp. 933–952). Berlin/New York: Mouton de Gruyter.
Cited by (8)
Cited by eight other publications
Daugs, Robert & Ulrike Schneider
Gries, Stefan Th. & Stefanie Wulff
Jensen, Kim Ebensgaard & Stefan Th. Gries
Kara, Elif
Zehentner, Eva
Liu, Na & Fuyin Li
Daugs, Robert
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 12 november 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
