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Article published In: Interaction Studies
Vol. 21:3 (2020) ► pp.329–352

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“Alexa, how are you feeling today?”

Mind perception, smart speakers, and uncanniness

 | Temple University, USA
 | University of Cambridge, UK
 | Temple University, USA
Published online: 9 February 2021
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https://doi.org/10.1075/is.19015.tay
Abstract
‘Smart’ devices are becoming increasingly ubiquitous. While these sophisticated machines are useful for various purposes, they sometimes evoke feelings of eeriness or discomfort that constitute uncanniness, a much-discussed phenomenon in robotics research. Adult participants (N = 115) rated the uncanniness of a hypothetical future smart speaker that was described as possessing the mental capacities for experience, agency, neither, or both. The novel condition prompting participants to attribute both agency and experience to the speaker filled an important theoretical gap in the literature. Consistent with the mind perception hypothesis of uncanniness (MPH; Gray, K., & Wegner, D. M. (2012). Feeling robots and human zombies: Mind perception and the uncanny valley. Cognition, 1251, 125–130. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar), participants in the with-experience condition rated the device significantly higher in uncanniness than those in the control condition and the with-agency condition. Participants in the with-both (experience and agency) condition also rated the device higher in uncanniness than those in the control condition and the with-agency condition, although this latter difference only approached statistical significance.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
    • 1.1Uncanniness and the uncanny valley
    • 1.2The mind perception hypothesis of uncanniness
    • 1.3Current study
      • 1.3.1Hypotheses
      • 1.3.2Exploratory analysis
  • 2.Method
    • 2.1Participants
    • 2.2Procedure
    • 2.3Plan of analysis
  • 3.Results
    • 3.1Manipulation checks
    • 3.2Primary analysis
    • 3.3Exploratory analysis
  • 4.Discussion
    • 4.1Exploratory analysis
    • 4.2Limitations and future directions
    • 4.3Conclusions
  • Open science
  • Supplementary materials
    • SM1.Paragraph describing smart speakers and listing their current features; accompanying images of currently popular smart speakers (presented to all participants)
    • SM2.Items presented to participants (dependent variables)
      • Primary analyses
      • Secondary analysis
    • SM3.Regression analyses for uncanniness index
  • References
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