Article published In: Interpreting
Vol. 26:1 (2024) ► pp.80–113
Coordination in telephone-based remote interpreting
Available under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 license.
For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at rights@benjamins.nl.
Open Access publication of this article was funded through a Transformative Agreement with Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz.
Published online: 25 September 2023
https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.00097.far
https://doi.org/10.1075/intp.00097.far
Abstract
Telephone-based remote interpreting has come into widespread use in multilingual encounters, all the more so in
times of refugee crises and the large influx of asylum-seekers into Europe. Nevertheless, the linguistic practices in this mode of
communication have not yet been examined comprehensively. This article therefore investigates selected aspects of turn-taking and
clarification sequences during semi-authentic telephone-interpreted counselling sessions for refugees (Arabic–German). A
quantitative analysis reveals that limited audibility makes it more difficult for interpreters to claim their turn successfully;
in most cases, however, turn-taking occurs smoothly. The trouble sources that trigger queries are mainly content-related and
interpreters vary greatly in the ways they deal with such difficulties. Contrary to what one might expect, the study shows that
coordination fails only rarely during telephone-based remote interpreting.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Previous research on telephone-based interpreting in bilateral community settings
- 3.The TIGA Corpus: Data collection and transcription
- 3.1Data collection
- 3.2Data transcription
- 4.Categories of analysis
- 4.1Turn-taking
- 4.1.1Types of turn acquisition: Smooth vs forced turn-taking
- Smooth turn-taking
- Forced turn-taking
- 4.1.2Failed turn-taking (turn claims)
- Claiming the turn at a transition relevance place
- Claiming the turn at a non-transition relevance place
- 4.1.1Types of turn acquisition: Smooth vs forced turn-taking
- 4.2Trouble sources
- 4.2.1Acoustic perception
- 4.2.2Lack of visual cues, lack of transparency: Irritated interlocutors
- 4.2.3Dialect
- 4.2.4Content
- 4.2.5“Cognitive load”
- 4.2.6Mix of trouble sources
- 4.1Turn-taking
- 5.Quantitative analysis
- 5.1Turn-taking
- 5.1.1Interpreters’ successes and failures at taking over: Turn acquisitions vs turn claims
- 5.1.2Limited audibility as a challenge to turn-taking
- 5.2Trouble sources
- 5.1Turn-taking
- 6.Conclusions
- Acknowledgements
- Notes
References
References (87)
Aldoukhi, R., Procházka, S. & Telič, A. (unter
Mitarbeit von N. Grigoryan) (2014). Lehrbuch
des Syrisch-Arabischen 2: Damaszenisch für Fortgeschrittene (Semitica Viva – Series Didactica
5,2). Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Aldoukhi, R. & Procházka, S. & Telič, A. (unter
Mitarbeit von N. Grigoryan) (2016). Lehrbuch
des Syrisch-Arabischen 1: Praxisnaher Einstieg in den Dialekt von Damaskus. (Semitica Viva – Series
Didactica 5,1), 2.
Aufl. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Amato, A. (2018). Challenges
and solutions: Some paradigmatic examples. In A. Amato, N. Spinolo & M. J. G. Rodríguez. (Eds.), Handbook
of remote interpreting. SHIFT in Orality Erasmus+ Project. Shaping the interpreters of the future and
today. Bologna: University of Bologna, Department of Interpretation and Translation, 79–101.
Amato, A., Spinolo, N. & Rodríguez, M. J. G. (Eds.) (2018). Handbook
of remote interpreting: SHIFT in Orality Erasmus+ Project. Shaping the interpreters of the future and
today. Bologna: University of Bologna, Department of Interpretation and Translation.
Andres, D. & Falk, S. (2009). Information
and communication technologies (ICT) in interpreting: Remote and telephone
interpreting. In D. Andres & S. Pöllabauer. (Eds.), Spürst
Du, wie der Bauch rauf-runter? Fachdolmetschen im
Gesundheitsbereich. München: Martin Meidenbauer, 9–27.
Angelelli, C. V. & Ross, J. M. (2021). Contextual
diversity in telephone interpreting: Voices from healthcare interpreters in
Scotland. Linguistica Antverpiensia: New Series – Themes in Translation
Studies 201, 74–93.
Angermeyer, P. & Meyer, B. (2021). Forms
and functions of non-renditions in community interpreting: A corpus-based study. The
Translator 27 (1), 119–136.
Apfelbaum, B. (2004). Gesprächsdynamik
in Dolmetsch-Interaktionen: Eine empirische Untersuchung von Situationen internationaler Fachkommunikation unter besonderer
Berücksichtigung der Arbeitssprachen Deutsch, Englisch, Französisch und
Spanisch. Radolfzell: Verlag für Gesprächsforschung.
(2008). Professionelles
Dolmetschen in dialogisch organisierten beruflichen Handlungsfeldern. Jahrbuch Deutsch als
Fremdsprache 341, 112–125.
Baraldi, C. & Gavioli, L. (2012a). Understanding
coordination in interpreter-mediated interaction. In C. Baraldi & L. Gavioli. (Eds.), Coordinating
participation in dialogue interpreting. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 1–21.
(Eds.) (2012b). Coordinating
participation in dialogue interpreting. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Bassiouney, R. (2020). Arabic
sociolinguistics (2nd
ed.). Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press [2009].
Belczyk-Kohl, Y. (2016). Some
remarks on transcript translation in discourse analysis. European Journal of Applied
Linguistics 4 (1), 139–164.
Bischoff, A. & Grossmann, F. (2006). Telefondolmetschen
im Spital. Universität Basel: Institut für Pflegewissenschaft.
Bolden, G. B. (2000). Toward
understanding practices of medical interpreting: Interpreters’ involvement in history
taking. Discourse
Studies 2 (4), 387–419.
Braun, S. (2015a). Remote
interpreting. In H. Mikkelson & R. Jourdenais. (Eds.), The
Routledge handbook of
interpreting. London: Routledge, 352–367.
(2015b). Remote
interpreting. In F. Pöchhacker. (Ed), Routledge
encyclopedia of interpreting
studies. London: Routledge, 346–348.
Brockelmann, C. et al. (1935). Die
Transliteration der arabischen Schrift in ihrer Anwendung auf die Hauptliteratursprachen der islamischen Welt. Denkschrift dem
19. Internationalen Orientalistenkongreß in Rom, vorgelegt von der Transkriptionskommission der Deutschen Morgenländischen
Gesellschaft. Leipzig: Deutsche Morgenländische Gesellschaft in Kommission bei F. A. Brockhaus.
Couper-Kuhlen, E. & Selting, M. (2018). Interactional
linguistics: Studying language in social
interaction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Cutler, A. & Pearson, M. (1985). On
the analysis of prosodic turn-taking cues. In C. Johns-Lewis. (Ed.), Intonation
in discourse. London: Croom Helm, 139–155.
Davitti, E. & Braun, S. (2020). Analysing
interactional phenomena in video remote interpreting in collaborative settings: Implications for interpreter
education. The Interpreter and Translator
Trainer 14 (3), 279–302.
Davitti, E. (2019). Methodological
explorations of interpreter-mediated interaction: Novel insights from multimodal
analysis. Qualitative
Research 19 (1), 7–9.
de Boe, E. (2020). Remote
interpreting in dialogic settings: A methodological framework for investigating the impact of telephone and video interpreting
on quality in healthcare interpreting. In H. Salaets & G. Brône. (Eds.), Linking
up with video: Perspectives on interpreting practice and
research. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 79–105.
Duncan, S. (1972). Some
signals and rules for taking speaking turns in conversations. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology 23 (2), 283–292.
(1973). Toward
a grammar for dyadic conversation. Semiotica: Journal of the International Association for
Semiotic
Studies 9 (1), 29–46.
Ehlich, K. (1993). HIAT:
A transcription system for discourse data. In. J. A. Edwards & M. D. Lampert. (Eds.), Talking
data: Transcription and coding in discourse research. New York: Psychology Press, 123–148.
Farag, R. (2019). Conversation-analytic
transcription of Arabic–German talk-in-interaction. Working Papers in Corpus Linguistics and
Digital Technologies: Analyses and
Methodology 21, 1–50.
(2021). Kommunikative
Verfahren beim Telefondolmetschen Arabisch-Deutsch in der institutionellen Kommunikation mit
Geflüchteten. In B. Kreß, K. Roeder, K. Schweiger & K. Vossmiller. (Eds.), Mehrsprachigkeit,
Interkulturelle Kommunikation, Sprachvermittlung. Internationale Perspektiven auf DaF und
Herkunftssprachen. Frankfurt am Main: Peter Lang, 241–269.
Farag, R. & Meyer, B. (2022). Telefondolmetschen
Arabisch-Deutsch: Gesprächstranskription im Spannungsfeld von Mehrsprachigkeit, schriftlichem Standard und
Varietätenvielfalt. In S. Grawunder & C. Schwarze. (Eds.), Transkription
und Annotation gesprochener Sprache und multimodaler Interaktion. Konzepte, Probleme,
Lösungen. Tübingen: Gunter Narr, 219–243.
Fox, B. A., Benjamin, T. & Mazeland, H. (2013). Conversation
analysis and repair organization: Overview. In Chapelle, C. A. (Eds.), The
encyclopedia of applied
linguistics. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 1–3.
Gravano, A. & Hischberg, J. (2011). Turn-taking
cues in task-oriented dialogue. Computer Speech and
Language 251, 601–634.
Gutiérrez, R. L. (2021). Remote
(telephone) interpreting in healthcare settings. In Ş. Susam-Saraeva & E. Spišiaková. (Eds.), The
Routledge handbook of translation and
health. London: Routledge, 216–231.
Hansen, J. P. B. & Svennevig, J. (2021). Creating
space for interpreting within extended turns at talk. Journal of
Pragmatics 18 (2), 144–162.
Harrell, R. (1962). A
short reference grammar of Moroccan Arabic. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press.
Hoogland, J. (2016). Marokkanisch-Arabisch:
Ein Lehrbuch für Selbststudium und
Unterricht. Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag.
Kelly, N. (2007). Telephone
interpreting in health care settings: Some commonly asked questions. The ATA
Chronicle. [URL] (accessed 3 May 2022).
(2008a). Telephone
interpreting: A comprehensive guide to the profession. Victoria, BC: Trafford Publishing.
(2008b). A
medical interpreter’s guide to telephone interpreting. International Medical Interpreters Association. [URL] (accessed 14 May 2022).
Kelly, N. & Pöchhacker, F. (2015). Telephone
interpreting. In F. Pöchhacker. (Ed.), Routledge
encyclopedia of interpreting
studies. London: Routledge, 412–415.
Knapp-Potthoff, A. & Knapp, K. (1986). Interweaving
two discourses: The difficult task of the non-professional
interpreter. In J. House & S. Blum-Kulka. (Eds.), Interlingual
and intercultural communication: Discourse and cognition in translation and second language acquisition
studies. Tübingen: Gunter Narr, 151–168.
Ko, L. (2006). The
need for long-term empirical studies in remote interpreting research: A case study of telephone
interpreting. Linguistica Antverpiensia: New Series – Themes in Translation
Studies 51, 325–338.
Korak, C. A. (2012). Remote
interpreting via Skype: A viable alternative to in situ interpreting. The Interpreters’
Newsletter 171, 83–102.
Langer, T. & Wirth, S. (2014). Einsatz
von Telefondolmetschern zur Überwindung von Sprachbarrieren: Erste Erfahrungen in einer deutschen
Kinderklinik. Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im
Gesundheitswesen 108 (5–6), 278–282.
Locatis, C., Williamson, D., Gould-Kabler, C., Zone-Smith, L., Detzler, I., Roberson, J., Maisiak, R. & Ackerman, M. (2010). Comparing
in-person, video, and telephonic medical interpretation. Journal of General Internal
Medicine 25 (4), 345–350.
Martini, M. (2008). Deutsch-Kubanische
Arbeitsbesprechungen: Eine gesprächs-analytische Studie zu gedolmetschter Kommunikation in internationalen
Hochschulkooperationen. Tübingen: Stauffenburg.
Mason, I. (2009). Dialogue
interpreting. In M. Baker & G. Saldanha. (Eds.), Routledge
encyclopedia of translation studies, 2nd
ed. London: Routledge, 81–84.
Merlini, R. (2015). Dialogue
interpreting. In F. Pöchhacker. (Ed.), Routledge
encyclopedia of interpreting
studies. London: Routledge, 102–107.
Meyer, B. (2002). Untersuchungen
zu den Aufgaben des interkulturellen Mittelns. In J. Best & S. Kalina. (Eds.), Übersetzen
und Dolmetschen. Eine
Orientierungshilfe. Tübingen: Francke Attempto, 51–59.
(2012). Ad
hoc interpreting for partially language-proficient patients: Participation in multilingual
constellations. In C. Baraldi & L. Gavioli. (Eds.), Coordinating
participation in dialogue interpreting. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 99–113.
Meyer, B. & Farag, R. (2023). Telephone
Interpreting German–Arabic (TIGA) / Telefondolmetschen Arabisch-Deutsch (TeDo) (Version 1.0) [Data
set].
Mondada, L. (2007). Multimodal
resources for turn-taking: Pointing and the emergence of possible next speakers. Discourse
Studies 9 (2), 194–225.
Nestler, F. (1957). Tel-Interpret:
Begründung und Grundlagen eines deutschen Telefon-Dolmetschdienstes. Lebende
Sprachen 2 (1), 21–23.
Nikander, P. (2008). Working
with transcripts and translated data. Qualitative Research in
Psychology 51, 255–231.
Ozolins, U. (2011). Telephone
interpreting: Understanding practice and identifying research needs. Translation &
Interpreting 3 (1), 33–47.
Pöchhacker, F. (2020). “Going
video”: Mediality and multimodality in interpreting. In H. Salaets & G. Brône. (Eds.), Linking
up with video: Perspectives on interpreting practice and
research. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 13–46.
Rehbein, J., Schmidt, T., Meyer, B., Watzke, F. & Herkenrath, A. (2004). Handbuch
für das computergestützte Transkribieren nach
HIAT. Hamburg: Sonderforschungsbereich 538 Mehrsprachigkeit.
Rodríguez, M. J. G. & Spinolo, N. (2017). Telephonic
dialogue interpreting: A short teaching course. In L. Cirillo & N. Niemants. (Eds.), Teaching
dialogue interpreting: Research-based proposals for higher
education. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 242–257.
Rosenberg, B. A. (2007). A
data driven analysis of telephone interpreting. In C. Wadensjö, B. Englund Dimitrova & A. -L. Nilsson. (Eds.), The
Critical Link 4: Professionalisation of interpreting in the
community. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 65–76.
Sacks, H., Schegloff, E. A. & Jefferson, G. (1974). A
simplest systematics for the organization of turn-taking for
conversation. Language 50 (4), 696–735.
Schegloff, E. A. (1991). Conversation
analysis and socially shared cognition. In L. B. Resnick, J. M. Levine & S. D. Teasley. (Eds.), Perspectives
on socially shared cognition. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association, 150–171.
Schmidt, T. (2009). Creating
and working with spoken language corpora in EXMARaLDA. In V. Lyding. (Ed.), Proceedings
of the Second Colloquium on Lesser Used Languages and Computer Linguistics (LULCL
II). Bozen: EURAC, 151–164.
(2011). Overview
of HIAT transcription conventions. [URL] (accessed 14 May 2022).
(2012). EXMARaLDA
and the FOLK tools: Two toolsets for transcribing and annotating spoken
language. In N. Calzolari, K. Choukri, T. Declerck, M. U. Doğan, B. Maegaard, J. Mariani, A. Moreno, J. Odijk & S. Piperidis. (Eds.), Proceedings
of the Eighth Conference on International Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC-12), Istanbul,
Turkey. European Language Resources Association (ELRA), 236–240.
Schmidt, T. & Wörner, K. (2014). EXMARaLDA. In J. Durand, U. Gut & G. Kristoffersen. (Eds.), The
Oxford handbook of corpus phonology. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 402–419.
Schmidt, T., et al. (2016). EXMARaLDA
Partitur-Editor: Manual. Version 1.6. [URL] (accessed 7 May 2023).
Selting, M. (2000). The
construction of units in conversational talk. Language in
Society 29 (4), 477–517.
Spinolo, N., Bertozzi, M. & Russo, M. (2018). Basic
tenets and features characterising telephone- and video-based remote communication in dialogue
interpreting. In A. Amato, N. Spinolo & M. J. G. Rodríguez. (Eds.), Handbook
of remote interpreting: SHIFT in Orality Erasmus+ Project. Shaping the interpreters of the future and
today. Bologna: University of Bologna, Department of Interpretation and Translation, 12–26.
Stahl, J. (personal
communication). Bereich Personalservice, Leiter Fachbereich Interner Service Personal/Interner
Dienstbetrieb.
Steensig, J. (2012). Turn-taking
in conversation. In G. Andersen & K. Aijmer. (Eds.), Pragmatics
of society. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton, 501–536.
Wadensjö, C. (1992). Interpreting
as interaction: On dialogue-interpreting in immigration hearings and medical
encounters. Linköping: Linköping University.
(1999). Telephone
interpreting and the synchronization of talk in social inter-action. The
Translator 5 (2), 247–264.
(2002). The
double role of a dialogue interpreter. In F. Pöchhacker & M. Shlesinger (Eds.), The
interpreting studies
reader. London: Routledge, 355–370.
(2015). Discourse
management. In F. Pöchhacker (Ed.), Routledge
encyclopedia of interpreting
studies. London: Routledge, 165–167.
Wang, J. & Fang, J. (2019). Accuracy
in telephone interpreting and on-site
interpreting. Interpreting 21 (1), 36–61.
Cited by (1)
Cited by one other publication
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 12 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
