In:Speaking of Writing Romani: Language attitudes, text editing, and variability
Melanie Schippling
[IMPACT: Studies in Language, Culture and Society 56] 2026
► pp. xiii–xvi
List of abbreviations
Published online: 23 January 2026
https://doi.org/10.1075/impact.56.abb
https://doi.org/10.1075/impact.56.abb
1
first person
2
second person
3
third person
adj
adjective
adj.R2
adjusted coefficient of determination
Alb.
Albanian
art
article
aux
auxiliary
bzw.
beziehungsweise [respectively]
Cf./cf.
confer
CNRS
Centre national de la recherche scientifique
conj
conjunction
D score
equal-weight average of differences in mean latency to determine the IAT effect size (based on the improved
algorithm by Greenwald & Nosek & Banaji 2003)
Dneg
negative D score
Dpos
positive D score
dat
dative
dem
demonstrative
DF
semantic differential
DFSG
semantic differential on spoken language in general
DFSR
semantic differential on spoken Romani
DFWG
semantic differential on written language in general
DFWR
semantic differential on written Romani
dim
diminutive
e.g.
exempli gratia
ed.
editor
eds.
editors
emph
emphatic
et al.
et alii
etc.
et cetera
F
feminine
F
F-statistic (overall significance in regression)
F0
fundamental frequency
fn.
footnote
fut
future
GAPED
Geneva Affective PicturE Database (Dan-Glauser & Scherer
2011)
Gr.
Greek
H1, H2, H3, …
hypothesis 1, hypothesis 2, hypothesis 3, …
hh:mm:ss
duration in hours, minutes, and seconds
HR
Croatia
Hz
Hertz
i.e.
id est
IAPS
International Affective Picture System (Lang & Bradley &
Cuthbert 2008)
IAT
Implicit Association Test
ibid.
ibidem
ID
identifier
IMPERS
impersonal
incl.
including
instr
instrumental
interrog
interrogative
intj
interjection
IPA
International Phonetic Alphabet
IT
Italy
IU
intonation unit
L1, L2, L3, …
first language, second language, third language, …
LEAP-Q
Language Experience and Proficiency Questionnaire (Marian &
Blumenfeld & Kaushanskaya 2007)
LHQ(2.0)
Language History Questionnaire (2.0) (Li & Sepanski & Zhao
2006, Li et al. 2014)
loc
locative
LS
Likert scale
LSBQ
Language and Social Background Questionnaire (Anderson et al.
2018)
LT
Lithuania
LU
language use
M
masculine
m
mean
md
median
MK
North Macedonia
mm:ss
duration in minutes and seconds
ms
milliseconds
N
noun
n
sample size
n.d.
no date
n/a
not applicable
NB
nota bene
neg
negation
NGO
non-governmental organisation
no.
number
nprop
proper noun
num
numeral
O1, O2, O3, …
observation 1, observation 2, observation 3, …
o.e.
original emphasis
OASIS
Open Affective Standardized Image Set (Kurdi & Lozano &
Banaji 2017)
OBL
oblique
OI
Old Indic
ONG
organisation non gouvernementale
p
p-value (significance value)
P1, P2, P3, …
prediction 1, prediction 2, prediction 3, …
p.c.
personal communication
PhD
Doctor of Philosophy
Pk.
Prakrit
pl/pl
plural
poss
possessive
prep
preposition
PS
paramisi and similar stories (text type in study 4)
QCA
qualitative content analysis
R
recipient-like participant
R2
coefficient of determination
refl
reflexive
rew.
reworked
RMS
romani morpho-syntax database
RO
Romania
RSI
relative speed index (based on Leiner 2019)
Rum.
Romanian
S
single argument of canonical intransitive verb
s
second
s.v.
sub voce
s/o
sans objet
SB
stimulus-based narration (text type in study 4)
sbj
subject
SD
sociodemographic information
sd
standard deviation
se
standard error
sg/sg
singular
SK
Slovakia
Skr.
Serbocroatian (as categorised in Boretzky & Igla 1994b)
T
theme
t
t-statistic (in linear regression)
TC
Romani traditions and cultural beliefs (text type in study 4)
Tk.
Turkic
TV
television
URL
Uniform Resource Locator
V
verb
vs.
versus
W
test statistic (Shapiro-Wilk test)
WEIRD
Western, Educated, Industrialised, Rich, Democratic (Henrich &
Heine & Norenzayan 2010)
YU
Yugoslavia
Z.B./z.B.
zum Beispiel [‘for example’]
