In:Gender Across Languages: Volume 4
Edited by Marlis Hellinger and Heiko Motschenbacher
[IMPACT: Studies in Language, Culture and Society 36] 2015
► pp. 1–25
Gender across languages: The linguistic representation of women and men
Published online: 9 April 2015
https://doi.org/10.1075/impact.36.01hel
https://doi.org/10.1075/impact.36.01hel
References (65)
Barlow, Michael & Charles A. Ferguson, eds. 1988. Agreement in natural language. Approaches, theories, descriptions. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Batliner, Anton. 1984. “The comprehension of grammatical and natural gender: A cross-linguistic experiment.” Linguistics 22: 831-856.
Bergvall, Victoria L. 1999. "An agenda for language and gender research for the start of the new millennium.” Linguistik Online. [URL]
Bergvall, Victoria L. & Janet M. Bing & Alice F. Freed, eds. 1996. Rethinking language and gender research: Theory and practice. London: Longman.
Bing, Janet M. & Victoria L. Bergvall. 1996. “The question of questions: Beyond binary thinking.” In Rethinking language and gender research: Theory and practice, eds. Victoria L. Bergvall & Janet M. Bing & Alice F. Freed. London: Longman, 1-30.
Bittner, Dagmar. 2000. “Gender classification and the inflectional system of German.” In Gender in grammar and cognition, eds. Barbara Unterbeck et al. Berlin: de Gruyter, 1-23.
Braun, Friederike. 1988. Terms of address. Problems of patterns and usage in various languages and cultures. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
. 2000. Geschlecht im Türkischen. Untersuchungen zum sprachlichen Umgang mit einer sozialen Kategorie. Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz.
Braunmüller, Kurt. 2000. “Gender in North Germanic: A diasystematic and functional approach.” In Gender in grammar and cognition, eds. Barbara Unterbeck et al. Berlin: de Gruyter, 25-54.
Brown, Roger & Albert Gilman. 1960. “The pronouns of power and solidarity.” In Style in language, ed. Thomas A. Sebeok. New York: Wiley, 253-276, 435-449.
Bußmann, Hadumod. 1995. “Das Genus, die Grammatik und - der Mensch: Geschlechterdifferenz in der Sprachwissenschaft.” In Genus: Zur Geschlechterdifferenz in den Kulturwissenschaften, eds. Hadumod Bußmann & Renate Hof. Stuttgart: Kröner, 114-160.
Claudi, Ulrike. 1985. Zur Entstehung von Genussystemen: Überlegungen zu einigen theoretischen Aspekten, verbunden mit einer Fallstudie des Zande. Hamburg: Buske.
. 1995. “Agreement.” In Syntax. Ein internationales Handbuch zeitgenössischer Forschung, Vol. 2, eds. Joachim Jacobs & Arnim von Stechow & Wolfgang Sternefeld & Theo Vennemann. Berlin: de Gruyter: 1235-1244.
Corbett, Greville G. & Norman M. Fraser. 2000. “Default genders.” In Gender in grammar and cognition, eds. Barbara Unterbeck et al. Berlin: de Gruyter, 55-97.
Craig, Colette G. 1986. Noun classes and categorization. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
. 1994. “Classifier languages.” In The encyclopedia of language and linguistics 2, ed. Ronald E. Asher. Oxford: Pergamon, 565-569.
Curzan, Anne. 2000. “Gender categories in early English grammars: Their message to the modern grammarian.” In Gender in grammar and cognition, eds. Barbara Unterbeck et al. Berlin: de Gruyter, 561-576.
Daniels, Karlheinz. 1985. “Geschlechtsspezifische Stereotypen im Sprichwort.” Sprache und Literatur 56: 18-35.
Dixon, Robert M.W. 1972. The Dyirbal language of North Queensland. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
. 1982. Where have all the adjectives gone? And other essays in semantics and syntax. Berlin: Mouton.
Ehrlich, Susan & Ruth King. 1994. “Feminist meanings and the (de)politicization of the lexicon”. Language in Society 23: 59-76.
Francis, Nelson & Henry Kučera. 1967. Computational analysis of present-day American English. Providence, RI: Brown University Press.
Frank, Francine W. 1989. “Language planning, language reform, and language change: A review of guidelines for nonsexist usage.” In Language, gender, and professional writing: Theoretical approaches and guidelines for nonsexist usage, eds. Francine W. Frank & Paula A. Treichler. New York: MLA, 105-137.
Graham, Alma. 1975. “The making of a nonsexist dictionary.” In Language and sex: Difference and dominance, eds. Barrie Thorne & Nancy Henley. Rowley, MA: Newbury House, 57-63.
Greenberg, Joseph H. 1972. “Numeral classifiers and substantival number: Problems in the genesis of a linguistic type.” Working Papers on Language Universals 9: 1-39.
. 1978. “How does a language acquire gender markers?” In Universals of human language. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press. 47-82.
Grimm, Jacob. 1831. Deutsche Grammatik III. 3. Theil, 3. Buch: Von der Wortbildung. Göttingen: Dietrich.
Härma, Juhani. 2000. “Gender in French: A diachronic perspective.” In Gender in grammar and cognition, eds. Barbara Unterbeck et al. Berlin: de Gruyter, 609-619.
Hall, Kira & Mary Bucholtz, eds. 1995. Gender articulated: Language and the socially constructed self. New York: Routledge.
Heine, Bernd. 1982. “African noun class systems.” In Apprehension: Das sprachliche Erfassen von Gegenständen. Teil I: Bereich und Ordnung der Phänomene, eds. Hansjakob Seiler & Christian Lehmann. Tübingen: Narr, 189-216.
Hellinger, Marlis. 1995. “Language and gender.” In The German language in the real world, ed. Patrick Stevenson. Oxford: Clarendon, 280-314.
Hurskainen, Arvi. 2000. “Noun classification in African languages.” In Gender in grammar and cognition, eds. Barbara Unterbeck et al. Berlin: de Gruyter, 665-688.
Irmen, Lisa & Astrid Köhncke. 1996. “Zur Psychologie des "generischen" Maskulinums.” Sprache & Kognition 15: 152-166.
Kastovsky, Dieter. 2000. “Inflectional classes, morphological restructuring, and the dissolution of Old English grammatical gender.” In Gender in grammar and cognition, eds. Barbara Unterbeck et al. Berlin: de Gruyter, 709-727.
Lakoff, George. 1987. Women, fire, and dangerous things: What categories reveal about the mind. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Lehmann, Christian. 1993. “Kongruenz.” In Syntax. Ein internationales Handbuch zeitgenössischer Forschung, Vol.1, eds. Joachim Jacobs & Arnim von Stechow & Wolfgang Sternefeld & Theo Vennemann. Berlin: de Gruyter: 722-729.
Leiss, Elisabeth. 1994. “Genus und Sexus. Kritische Anmerkungen zur Sexualisierung von Grammatik.” Linguistische Berichte 152: 281-300.
MacKay, Donald & David Fulkerson. 1979. “On the comprehension and production of pronouns.” Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior 18: 661-673.
Majapuro, Anne. 1997. “Weinende Braut, lachende Frau. Geschlechtsspezifische Merkmale des Lachens und Weinens in deutschen und finnischen Sprichwörtern.” In Laughter down the centuries, eds. Siegfried Jäckel & Asko Timonen. Turku: University of Turku, 233-248.
Oelkers, Susanne. 1996. “ 'Der Sprintstar und ihre Freundinnen'. Ein empirischer Beitrag zur Diskussion um das generische Maskulinum.” Muttersprache 106: 1-15.
. 1999. “Feminist language planning: Has it been worthwhile?” Linguistik Online. [URL]
Royen, Gerlach. 1929. Die nominalen Klassifikations-Systeme in den Sprachen der Erde. Historisch-kritische Studie, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Indo-Germanischen. Mödling: Anthropos.
Scheele, Brigitte & Eva Gauler. 1993. “Wählen Wissenschaftler ihre Probleme anders aus als WissenschaftlerInnen? Das Genus-Sexus-Problem als paradigmatischer Fall der linguistischen Relativitätsthese.” Sprache & Kognition 12: 59-72.
Schulz, Muriel R. 1975. “The semantic derogation of woman.” In Language and sex: Difference and dominance, eds. Barrie Thorne & Nancy Henley. Rowley, MA: Newbury House, 64-75.
Smith, David M. 1973. “Language, speech and ideology: A conceptual framework.” In Language attitudes: Current trends and prospects, eds. Roger W. Shuy & Ralph W. Fasold. Washington, DC: Georgetown University Press, 97-112.
Strunk, Klaus. 1994. “Grammatisches und natürliches Geschlecht in sprachwissenschaftlicher Sicht.” In Frau und Mann. Geschlechterdifferenzierung in Natur und Menschenwelt, ed. Venanz Schubert. St. Ottilien: EOS Verlag, 141-164.
Unterbeck, Barbara. 2000. “Gender: New light on an old category. An introduction.” In Gender in grammar and cognition, eds. Barbara Unterbeck et al. Berlin: de Gruyter, xv-xlvi.
Webster, Sheila K. 1982. “Women, sex, and marriage in Moroccan proverbs.” International Journal of Middle East Studies 14: 173-184.
West, Candace & Don H. Zimmerman. 1983. “Small insults: A study of interruptions in cross-sex conversations between unacquainted persons.” In Language, gender and society, eds. Barrie Thorne & Cheris Kramarae & Nancy Henley. Rowley, MASS: Newbury House, 113-118.
Whitehead, Harriet. 1991 [11981]. “The bow and the burden strap: A new look at institutionalized homosexuality in Native North America.” In Sexual meanings. The cultural construction of gender and sexuality, eds. Sherry B. Ortner & Harriet Whitehead. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 80-115.
Wodak, Ruth & Gertraud Benke. 1997. “Gender as a sociolinguistic variable: New perspectives on variation studies.” In The handbook of sociolinguistics, ed. Florian Coulmas. Oxford: Blackwell, 127-150.
Zubin, David & Klaus-Michael Köpcke. 1984. “Affect classification in the German gender system.” Lingua 63: 41-96.
. 1986. “Gender and folk taxonomy: The indexical relation between grammatical and lexical classification.” In Noun classes and categorization, ed. Colette G. Craig. Amsterdam: Benjamins, 139-181.
Cited by (16)
Cited by 16 other publications
Kleiss, Denise F. & Martin K.J. Waiguny
Robaey, Laura, Sofie Decock & Jelena Vranjes
Roos, Femke & Hannah De Mulder
Tanabe, Megumi, Lily Tun, Nasim Vaseiezadeh & Imge Dogan
Glim, Sarah, Anita Körner & Ralf Rummer
Körner, Anita, Sarah Glim & Ralf Rummer
Riccio, Anna
Foubert, Océane
Glim, Sarah, Anita Körner, Holden Härtl & Ralf Rummer
Soundararajan, Shweta, Manuela Nayantara Jeyaraj & Sarah Jane Delany
Ермекбаева, А & Г Узун
Savoldi, Beatrice, Marco Gaido, Luisa Bentivogli, Matteo Negri & Marco Turchi
Aikhenvald, Alexandra Y.
Galor, Oded mname, mer mname zak & Assaf mname Sarid
Motschenbacher, Heiko
2016. A poststructuralist approach to structural gender linguistics. In Gender, Language and the Periphery [Pragmatics & Beyond New Series, 264], ► pp. 65 ff.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 12 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
