This paper discusses some approaches to the categorisation of cohesive devices with reference to spoken academic discourse, multi-word units, and strings of frequently co-occurring words (lexical bundles). It goes on to investigate the cohesive role of lexical bundles in a corpus of 160 university lectures (120 from the BASE corpus and 40 from MICASE). Like the bundles from the T2K SWAL teaching subcorpus, investigated by Biber, Conrad and Cortes (2004), the bundles in the lecture corpus included both ‘oral’ and ‘literate’ elements. The majority of frequently occurring bundles were found to be used to signal discourse relations, although their cohesive function was not necessarily obvious when listed out of context.
2025. Lexical bundles in psychology lectures and textbooks: a contrastive corpus-based study with implications for academic writing. Frontiers in Psychology 16
Aslan, Ayça
2025. A Comparative Analysis of Conjunctions in Ph.D. Dissertations by Spanish, Turkish, and English Researchers. Bartın University Journal of Faculty of Education 14:2 ► pp. 325 ff.
Cheng, Su-han & Jeng-yih Tim Hsu
2025. Structures and functions of lexical bundles in FinTech discourse. Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies 43:1 ► pp. 30 ff.
Kashiha, Hadi
2025. Using bundle analysis to uncover formulaic language patterns in seminar discussions. Southern African Linguistics and Applied Language Studies 43:1 ► pp. 45 ff.
Li, Yan & Hong Lei
2025. Lexical Bundles in L1 and L2 English Academic Writing: Convergent and Divergent Usage. SAGE Open 15:2
Sanosi, Abdulaziz B.
2025. The present study answers the research question: A corpus-based analysis of collocate directionality in academic English writing. Heliyon 11:2 ► pp. e42088 ff.
Xu, Yingying & Yang Yu
2025. Representation and Processing of L2 Compositional Multiword Sequences: Effects of Token Frequency, Type Frequency, and Constituency. Behavioral Sciences 15:6 ► pp. 734 ff.
Wang, Wei
2024. Lexical bundles in TED talks: Topical variations and pedagogical implications. International Journal of English for Academic Purposes: Research and Practice 4:1 ► pp. 93 ff.
Wang, Wei & Eniko Csomay
2024. Constructing proximity in popularization discourse: Evidence from lexical bundles in TED talks. English for Specific Purposes 73 ► pp. 95 ff.
2024. Unlocking the Mysteries of Academic Writing: A Corpus-based Analysis of Lexical Bundles in L2 English for Engineering Students. Sage Open 14:4
Zhou, Qihong & Li Mou
2024. A Corpus-Based Study of Lexical Chunks in Chinese Academic Discourse: Extraction, Classification, and Application. In Chinese Lexical Semantics [Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 14515], ► pp. 257 ff.
DEMİREL AYDEMİR, Gül Deniz & Ayten GENÇ
2023. İKİNCİ/YABANCI DİL OLARAK TÜRKÇE ÖĞRETİMİ BAĞLAMINDA ÜSTSÖYLEM VE AKADEMİK DİNLEME İLİŞKİSİ. Hacettepe Üniversitesi Türkiyat Araştırmaları Dergisi (HÜTAD) :39 ► pp. 171 ff.
2022. Examining L2 English University students’ uses of lexical bundles and their relationship to writing quality. Assessing Writing 51 ► pp. 100589 ff.
Petrocelli, Emilia, Laura Di Ferrante & Elisa Ghia
2022. Multi-Word Combinations in Science Communication: A Corpus-Driven Study of University Press Releases. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies 12:4 ► pp. e202224 ff.
YAKUT, İlyas & Fatma YUVAYAPAN
2022. LEXICAL BUNDLES ACROSS DISCIPLINES: THE CASE OF RESEARCH ARTICLES IN THE SOCIAL SCIENCES. İnönü University International Journal of Social Sciences (INIJOSS)
Yu, Xiaoli
2022. A multi-dimensional analysis of English-medium massive open online courses (MOOCs) video lectures in China. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 55 ► pp. 101079 ff.
2021. Comparing Lexical Bundles in Hard Science Lectures; A Case of Native and Non-Native University Lecturers. International Journal of Research in English Education 6:4 ► pp. 106 ff.
Yankova, Diana & Irena Vassileva
2021. Expressing Lesser Relevance in Academic Conference Presentations. English Studies at NBU 7:2 ► pp. 127 ff.
Zhang, Shaojie, Hui Yu & Lawrence Jun Zhang
2021. Understanding the Sustainable Growth of EFL Students’ Writing Skills: Differences between Novice and Expert Writers in Their Use of Lexical Bundles in Academic Writing. Sustainability 13:10 ► pp. 5553 ff.
Bestgen, Yves
2020. Comparing Lexical Bundles across Corpora of Different Sizes: The Zipfian Problem. Journal of Quantitative Linguistics 27:3 ► pp. 272 ff.
Crawford Camiciottoli, Belinda
2020. The OpenCourseWare lecture: A new twist on an old genre?. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 46 ► pp. 100870 ff.
DEMİRAY AKBULUT, Fatma
2020. A bibliometric analysis of lexical bundles usage in native and non-native academic writing. Dil ve Dilbilimi Çalışmaları Dergisi 16:3 ► pp. 1146 ff.
2020. Analyzing the functions of lexical bundles in undergraduate academic lectures for pedagogical use. English for Specific Purposes 58 ► pp. 122 ff.
Liu, Chen-Yu & Hao-Jan Howard Chen
2022. A phraseological exploration of university lectures through phrase frames. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 58 ► pp. 101135 ff.
2019. Lexical bundles in published research articles: A corpus-based study. Dil ve Dilbilimi Çalışmaları Dergisi 15:2 ► pp. 520 ff.
Biber, Douglas & Susan Conrad
2019. Register, Genre, and Style,
Cirillo, Letizia
2019. The pragmatics of air quotes in English academic presentations. Journal of Pragmatics 142 ► pp. 1 ff.
Cotos, Elena & Yoo-Ree Chung
2019. Functional language in curriculum genres: Implications for testing international teaching assistants. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 41 ► pp. 100766 ff.
McCARTHY, Michael & Jeanne McCARTEN
2019. Interaction management in academic speaking. Linx :79
Vo, Sonca
2019. Use of lexical features in non-native academic writing. Journal of Second Language Writing 44 ► pp. 1 ff.
2019. A functional analysis of text-oriented formulaic expressions in written academic discourse: Multiword sequences vs. single words. English for Specific Purposes 54 ► pp. 50 ff.
Zare, Javad & Zahra Keivanloo-Shahrestanaki
2017. The language of English academic lectures: The case of field of study in highlighting importance. Lingua 193 ► pp. 36 ff.
Zhiqi, Gong & Jiang Hui
2017. Situation-Bound Utterances and Formulaic Competence: The Case of Chinese Learners of English as a Foreign Language. Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics 40:3
Esmat Babaii, Mahmood Reza Atai & Leila Shoja
2016. A Comparison of Thematic Choices and Thematic Progression Patterns in the Research Articles of Well-established and Emerging Disciplines. Iranian Journal of Applied Linguistics 19:2 ► pp. 33 ff.
2015. Patterned Distribution of Phraseologies within Text: The Case of Research Articles. In Corpus Linguistics in Chinese Contexts, ► pp. 74 ff.
Staples, Shelley, Jesse Egbert, Douglas Biber & Susan Conrad
2015. Register VariationA Corpus Approach. In The Handbook of Discourse Analysis, ► pp. 505 ff.
Tsai, Yi-Rung & Wenli Tsou
2015. Accommodation Strategies Employed by Non-native English-Mediated Instruction (EMI) Teachers. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher 24:2 ► pp. 399 ff.
Csomay, Eniko
2013. Lexical Bundles in Discourse Structure: A Corpus-Based Study of Classroom Discourse. Applied Linguistics 34:3 ► pp. 369 ff.
Evison, Jane
2013. A corpus linguistic analysis of turn-openings in spoken academic discourse: Understanding discursive specialisation. English Profile Journal 3
Staples, Shelley, Jesse Egbert, Douglas Biber & Alyson McClair
2013. Formulaic sequences and EAP writing development: Lexical bundles in the TOEFL iBT writing section. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 12:3 ► pp. 214 ff.
Cortes, Viviana
2012. Lexical Bundles and Grammar. In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics,
Cortes, Viviana
2025. Lexical Bundles and Grammar. In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics, ► pp. 1 ff.
Deroey, Katrien L.B.
2012. What they highlight is…: The discourse functions of basic wh-clefts in lectures. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 11:2 ► pp. 112 ff.
Deroey, Katrien L.B.
2025. Language in Academic Lectures. In Reference Module in Social Sciences,
Deroey, Katrien L.B. & Miriam Taverniers
2012. ‘Ignore that 'cause it's totally irrelevant’: Marking lesser relevance in lectures. Journal of Pragmatics 44:14 ► pp. 2085 ff.
Hyland, Ken
2012. Bundles in Academic Discourse. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 32 ► pp. 150 ff.
Nesi, Hilary
2012. ESP and Corpus Studies. In The Handbook of English for Specific Purposes, ► pp. 407 ff.
Tehrani, Afsaneh Rahimi & Hossein Vahid Dastjerdi
2012. The Pedagogical Impact of Discourse Markers in the Lecture Genre: EFL Learners' Writings in Focus. Journal of Language Teaching and Research 3:3
Wray, Alison
2012. What Do We (Think We) Know About Formulaic Language? An Evaluation of the Current State of Play. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 32 ► pp. 231 ff.
Herbel-Eisenmann, Beth, David Wagner & Viviana Cortes
2010. Lexical bundle analysis in mathematics classroom discourse: the significance of stance. Educational Studies in Mathematics 75:1 ► pp. 23 ff.
Lessard-Clouston, Michael
2010. Theology lectures as lexical environments: A case study of technical vocabulary use. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 9:4 ► pp. 308 ff.
Kim, YouJin
2009. Korean lexical bundles in conversation and academic texts. Corpora 4:2 ► pp. 135 ff.
Aktas, Rahime Nur & Viviana Cortes
2008. Shell nouns as cohesive devices in published and ESL student writing. Journal of English for Academic Purposes 7:1 ► pp. 3 ff.
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This list is based on CrossRef data as of 12 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers.
Any errors therein should be reported to them.
