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Article published In: International Journal of Chinese Linguistics
Vol. 6:1 (2019) ► pp.1–26

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Clause type anticipation based on prosody in Mandarin

 | Center for Linguistics and Applied Linguistics, Guangdong University of Foreign Studies | Leiden University Centre for Linguistics
 | Leiden University Centre for Linguistics
 | Leiden University Centre for Linguistics | Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition
 | Leiden University Centre for Linguistics | Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition
Published online: 2 July 2019
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/ijchl.18004.yan
Abstract
Mandarin wh-words such as shénme are wh-indeterminates, which can have interrogative interpretations (‘what’) or non-interrogative interpretations (i.e., ‘something’), depending on the context and licensors. For example, when diǎnr (‘a little’) appears right in front of a wh-word, the string can have either a wh-question or a declarative interpretation (henceforth, wh-declarative). Yang, Y. (2018). The two sides of wh-indeterminates in Mandarin – a prosodic and processing account. LOT Publication: the Netherlands.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar carried out a production study and the results showed that wh-questions and wh-declaratives have different prosodic properties. To investigate whether and when listeners make use of prosody to anticipate the clause type (i.e., question vs. declarative), we conducted a sentence perception study and an audio-gating experiment. Results of the perception study and the gating experiment show that (1) Participants can make use of prosody to differentiate the two clause types; (2) Starting from the onset of the first word of the target sentence (wh-question/wh-declarative), participants already demonstrate a preference for the clause type that was intended by the speaker. The current study also sheds light on the clausal typing mechanism in Mandarin (e.g., how to mark a clause as a wh-question) by providing evidence of the role of prosody in marking clause types in Mandarin.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
    • 1.1Anticipation in language
    • 1.2Anticipation and prosody
    • 1.3Clause type anticipation and prosody
      • 1.3.1Previous studies
      • 1.3.2The case of Mandarin
    • 1.4Mandarin clause type anticipation and the clausal typing mechanism
    • 1.5Research questions
  • 2.Perception experiment
    • 2.1Participants
    • 2.2Audio stimuli
      • 2.2.1Prosodic properties of the stimuli
        • Duration
        • F0
    • 2.3Procedure
    • 2.4Analysis and results
    • 2.5Interim discussion
  • 3.Audio-gating experiment
    • 3.1Participants
    • 3.2Stimuli
    • 3.3Procedure
    • 3.4Results
    • 3.5Interim discussion
  • 4.General discussion
    • 4.1Clause type identification and anticipation based on prosody
    • 4.2The theoretical implication on clausal typing mechanism
    • 4.3Conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • References
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