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Article published In: International Journal of Chinese Linguistics
Vol. 5:2 (2018) ► pp.252–305

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On the syntax-discourse interface of nonsententials in Mandarin

A cartographic solution

 | National Tsing Hua University
Published online: 13 December 2018
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/ijchl.18001.jhe
Abstract
This paper aims to develop the empirical and theoretical basis for the necessity of motivating a cartographic approach (Rizzi, L. (1997). The fine structure of the left periphery. In L. Haegeman (Ed.), Elements of grammar (pp. 281–338). Dordrecht: Kluwer. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; Cinque, G. (1999). Adverbs and functional heads: A cross-linguistic perspective. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar) to the clausal structure of nonsententials (NSs) in Mandarin. Especially noteworthy about NSs is that they are able to encode clause type information, illocutionary force and the discourse roles speaker and hearer/addressee, though their structure is considerably reduced. Following the line of reasoning in Sigurðsson, H. Á. & Maling, J. (2012). Silent heads. In Laura Brugé, Anna Cardinaletti, Giuliana Giusti, Nicola Munaro & Cecilia Poletto (Eds.), Functional heads: The cartography of syntactic structures Vol. 71 (pp. 368–378). New York: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar and Tsai (Tsai, W.-T. D. (2015a). A tale of two peripheries: Evidence from Chinse adverbials, light verbs, applicatives and object fronting. In Wei-tien Dylan Tsai (Ed.), The cartography of Chinese syntax (pp. 1–32). Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar, (2015b). On the Topography of Chinese modals. In Ur Shlonsky (Ed.), Beyond functional sequence: The cartography of syntactic structures Volume 101 (pp. 275–294). New York: Oxford University Press. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar), I show that NSs have a fully-fledged CP structure, according to the effects exerted upon their interpretation. Adopting Haegeman, L. (2014). West Flemish verb-based discourse markers and the articulation of the speech act layer. Studia Linguistica, 68(1), 116–139. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar sa*P analysis of the discourse particle in West Flemish, I argue that NSs contain a suprasentential structure, a Speech Act layer, dominating ForceP and responsible for the encoding of the speaker- hearer/addressee relation sensitive to the immediate context. Crucially, it is argued that the discourse properties surrounding NSs pertain to the articulated CP structure of NSs. The major consequence of the proposed analysis is to show that the theory of discourse is closely tied to the architecture of grammar in general, adding weight to the view that the transparent syntax-discourse mapping results from a set of functional projections layered in the CP periphery.
Article outline
  • 1.Setting the stage
  • 2.Fragment answers and nonsententials
  • 3.Nonsententials in Mandarin
    • 3.1Fake nonsententials in Mandarin
    • 3.2NP nonsententials
    • 3.3AdjP/AdvP nonsententials
    • 3.4Summary
  • 4.The left periphery of NSs in Mandarin
    • 4.1Sentence-final particles in NSs
    • 4.2The utterance-final ni as a vocative phrase
    • 4.3Discourse particles in Mandarin nonsententials: Eh2, oh and xu2
    • 4.4Summary
  • 5.The proposed analysis of NSs
    • 5.1Assumptions
    • 5.2Discourse particles and the vocative phrase: Sa 0-to-sa0* movement
    • 5.3The proposed structure and derivation of nonsententials
    • 5.4Sentential syntactic structures of NSs and content of the deleted XP
  • 6.Conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • References
References (53)
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