Article published In: Information Design Journal
Vol. 26:1 (2021) ► pp.33–52
Understanding the impact of supporting conceptual information design
Structure, externalizations and flexibility matter
Published online: 26 April 2021
https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.20015.fon
https://doi.org/10.1075/idj.20015.fon
Abstract
This article argues that supporting conceptual information design should be a priority as it could better equip
design practitioners for their jobs. Findings from a longitudinal evaluation of a tool – MapCI Cards – using multiple methods to
assess the impact of supporting conceptual design in professional practice are reported here. Internal and external factors
emerged as having an adverse influence on information designers’ responses to conceptual design. Increased conceptual design
awareness and more confident decisions resulted from working with a support tool. Structure, flexibility, and externalizations are
indicated as possible ways to effectively support conceptual information design. The article ends with recommendations for future
support tools.
Keywords: information design, conceptual design, structure, flexibility, externalizations
Article outline
- Introduction
- Related work
- Understanding the impact of conceptual design
- Information designers’ responses to conceptual design
- Overview of tools supporting conceptual design
- Computer technology tools
- Analogue tools
- MapCI Cards: A conceptual information design support tool
- Methods
- Participants
- Data collection and analysis
- Using MapCI Cards in professional practice
- Changes in workflow
- Increased awareness
- Increased structure
- Factors influencing conceptual design
- Conceptual design phases requiring diverse degrees of support
- Problem understanding
- Audience understanding
- Subject matter understanding
- Analysis & synthesis
- Concept design
- Conceptual design outputs paving the way forward
- Changes in workflow
- Implications of supporting conceptual information design
- Recommendations for conceptual information design support tools
- Conclusions and future work
- Acknowledgements
References
References (52)
Al-Hakim, L.; Kusiak, A. & Mathew, J. 2000. A
graph-theoretic approach to conceptual design with functional Perspectives. Computer-Aided
Design, 321, 867–875.
Baer, K. 2008. Information
design workbook: graphic approaches, solutions, and inspiration + 30 case studies. Beverly (Mass): Rockport.
Barthes, R. 1991. Responsibility
of forms: critical essays on music, art, and
representation. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Baya, V. & Leifer, L. J. 1996. Understanding
information management in conceptual design. In Cross, N., Christiaans, H. & Dorst, K. (eds.) Analysing
design activity. England: John Wiley & Sons, pp.151–168.
Bektaş, E.; Heintz, J. L. & Wamelink, J. W. F. (2008). A
Review of knowledge management in collaborative design: The necessity of project knowledge integration in large scale building
projects. Innovation Conference in AEC 2008. Antalya, Turkey (1–12).
Black, A., Luna, P., Lund, O. & Walker, S. eds., 2017. Information
design: research and practice. Taylor & Francis.
Bohm, T. 2014. When
Information Design is a Matter of Life or Death. Box and
Arrows. Available at: [URL]
Brunetti, G. & Golob, B. 2000. A
feature-based approach towards an integrated product model including conceptual design
information. Computer-Aided
Design 321, 877–887.
Cezzar, J. 2020. Teaching
the Designer of Now: A New Basis for Graphic and Communication Design Education. She Ji: The
Journal of Design, Economics, and
Innovation, 6(2), pp.213–227.
Conway, R., Masters, J. & Thorold, J. 2017. From
Design Thinking to Systems Change. London: RSA, Action and Research Centre, available at [URL]
Cross, N. 2000. Engineering
design methods: strategies for product design. 3rd
edn. Chichester: John Wiley.
Frascara, J. ed., 2015. Information
design as principled action: Making information accessible, relevant, understandable, and
usable. Common Ground Publishing.
General Services Administration
(GSA). ~2017. 18F Methods. Available
at: [URL] [Accessed 22
November 2020]
Heller, S. & Landers, R. 2014. Infographic
designers’ sketchbooks. New York: Princeton Architectural Press.
Hern, A. 2018. Hawaii
missile false alarm due to badly designed user interface, reports say. The
Guardian. Available at: [URL]
Hsu, W. & Liu, B. 2000. Conceptual
design: issues and challenges. Computer-Aided
Design, 321, 849–850.
IDEO. 2018. Design Kit Travel
Pack. Available at: [URL] [Accessed 22 November 2020]
Information design exchange (idX)
group. 2007. Development of international core competencies and student and
faculty exchange in information design Available at: [URL] [Accessed 10 May 2010].
Lazar, K. 2019. Signs
Of Confusion [Video] News segment on CBS’s “2 On Your Side”. Available
at: [URL] [Accessed 22 November 2020]
Lockton, D. 2010. Design
with Intent toolkit card deck. Available at: [URL] [Accessed 22 November 2020]
LUMA Institute. 2012. Innovating for
People: Human-Centered Design Planning Cards. Available at: [URL] [Accessed 22 November 2020]
Lynch, P. J. & Horton, S. 2016. Web
style guide: Foundations of user experience design. Yale University Press.
Mueller, V. 2009. Conceptual
design tools: Establishing a framework for specification of concept design tools. Proceedings
of Arab Society for Computed Aided Architectural Design (ASCAAD). Manama, Bahrain, pp. 103–120.
Norman, D. 1981. Some
Observations on Mental Models, In Gentner, D. and Stevens, A. L., eds. Mental Models. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Inc. pp. 7–14.
2020. This
is the one skill designers need to develop most in 2020 [Online] Fast
Company. Available at: [URL] [Accessed 22 November 2020]
Paper Giant. 2017. The More-Than Research
Game. Available at: [URL] [Accessed 22 November 2020]
Parush, V. 2015. Conceptual
design for interactive systems. Designing for Performance and User Experience. Morgan Kaufman.
Patel, N. 2018. Everything
is too complicated: What are you assuming people already know? The Verge [online], Available
at: [URL] [Accessed 9 January 2018].
Pontis, S. 2012a. Guidelines
for conceptual design to assist diagram creators in information design practice. PhD
Thesis. London College of Communication. University of the Arts London.
2012b. Mapping
Complex Information Cards (MapCI Cards). Available
at: [URL] [Accessed 22 November 2020]
2014. A
guided approach to conceptual design in the information design process. Information Design
Journal. 21(2), 115–128.
2019a. Making
sense of field research: A practical guide for information designers. Taylor and Francis.
2019b. Breaking
Assumptions in Design Education: Reflections on teaching information design to non-designers. 7th
ICTVC conference, June 19–21. University of Patras,
Greece.
(Forthcoming). Guidelines
for diagram content analysis: A design tool (Chapter 8). In: C. Richards (Ed.): Elements
of diagramming: theories, design methods & uses. Gower Publishing. Taylor & Francis Group: UK.
Pontis, S. & Babwahsingh, M. 2016. Improving
information design practice: A closer look at conceptual design methods. Information Design
Journal
(IDJ), 22(3), 249–265.
Pontis, S. & van der Waarde, K. Summer. 2020. Looking for alternatives.
Challenging assumptions in design education. She Ji: The Journal of Design, Economics, and
Innovation. Volume 6, Issue 2, 228–253.
Qin, S. F., Wright, D. K. & Jordanov, I. N. 2000. From
on-line sketching to 2D and 3D geometry: a system based on fuzzy knowledge. Computer-Aided
Design 321, 851–866.
Roam, D. 2008. The
back of the napkin: solving problems and selling ideas with pictures. New York: Portfolio.
Roberts, S. 2017. The
UX-ification of research, Stripe Partners [online], Available at: [URL] [Accessed 5 January 2018].
Tversky, B. 2002. What
do sketches say about thinking. In 2002 AAAI Spring Symposium, Sketch
Understanding Workshop, Stanford University, AAAI Technical Report
SS-02-08 (pp. 148–151).
Umeda, Y., Ishii, M., Yoshioka, M., Shimomura, Y. & Tomiyama, T. 1996. Supporting
conceptual design based on the function-behavior-state modeler. Ai
Edam, 10(4), pp.275–288.
UXPlus. 2017. Seed Cards –
challenges and inspirations for experience design. Available at: [URL] [Accessed 22
November 2020]
Cited by (1)
Cited by one other publication
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 11 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
