Intercultural legacies in shaping the British-Korean relations between the 1880s and 1920s
A historical proposal for intercultural studies
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Published online: 30 November 2023
https://doi.org/10.54754/incontext.v3i2.67
https://doi.org/10.54754/incontext.v3i2.67
Abstract
Spanning from the late 19th to the early 20th century, the intricate dynamics between Britain and Korea reveal a multifaceted interplay often overshadowed in broad historical discourses. This article offers an exploratory glance into the multifaceted nature of the British-Korean relationship, touching upon a variety of political, economic, and cultural interactions. The study highlights the geopolitical concerns of the time, marked by Korea’s nuanced role amidst its relations with regional powers like China, Russia, and Japan and Britain’s intermittent sidelining of East Asia due to its global imperatives. The economic exchanges, while not vast, were pivotal, illustrated by the flow of Korean art to Britain and the seeding of British industries in Korea. Central to this narrative are key figures like Isabella Bird, Sir John Jordan, John McLeavy Brown, Ahn Changho, and Syngman Rhee, whose personal experiences and informal influences brought unique depth to the cross- cultural dynamics. The vibrant cultural exchanges, emphasizing both the arts and societal norms, underline the depth and resilience of the Korean-British connection. While the process of Korea’s reception of and response to Western culture took place primarily under the influence of the Japanese Empire, Korea was also unofficially incorporated into the global network of capitalism organized under the leadership of the British Empire during this period, and it is therefore academically relevant to analyze this division in line with recent trends in the study of the history of the British Empire. Looking at how the informal networks of the British Empire worked on the Korean peninsula holds significance. Ultimately, this comprehensive exploration underscores the significance of historical cultural engagements, emphasizing their relevance in today’s world of diplomacy and global collaboration. This article suggests that further research should address these issues from an intercultural perspective.
논문초록
19세기 후반 이래 한국과 영국의 관계는 역사를 통해 진행된 광범위한 상호작용을 통해 발전했다. 이 글은 19세기 말과 20세기 초에 양국 관계에 영향을 미친 제국주의적 야망, 지정학적 고려, 그리고 예술을 포함한 다양한 분야에서의 사회적, 문화적 교류에 이르기까 지 다양한 상호작용을 조명한다. 제국을 중심으로 한 영국의 글로벌 정책에서 동아시아는 상 대적으로 소홀히 다뤄졌던 것처럼 보이지만, 한국(조선)은 중국, 러시아, 일본과의 관계에 있 어 이 지역 국제정치에서 미묘한 역할을 수행하고 있었기 때문에 영국도 직접 개입은 피하면 서도 다양한 경로를 통해 한반도의 운명에 영향력을 행사했다. 한국이 일본 제국주의의 압박 속에서 서양 문화를 수용하는 과정에서 맞닥뜨렸던 어려움들 역시 영국의 국제관계 정책에 의해 상당 부분 영향을 받았다. 경제 분야에서의 상호작용도 규모는 작았지만 의미 있는 내 용을 포함하고 있었는데, 이 과정을 통해 한국의 예술 작품이 영국으로 유입되고 영국의 산 업제품이 한국으로 수입되는 등 나름의 교류가 존재했던 것이다. 정치, 외교, 문화 등 다양한 분양에서 양국의 교류를 촉진하는 데 중요한 역할을 했던 여행작가 이사벨라 버드, 외교관 존 조던, 재정전문가 맥클리비 브라운, 서양으로 유학을 다녀온 안창호와 이승만 등의 역할 에도 주목한다. 한영 관계의 지속성과 깊이는 문화 부문에서 특히 두드러진다. 한국이 서양 의 문물을 받아들이고 그에 반응하는 과정은 기본적으로 일본 제국의 영향력 아래에서 진행 되었지만, 영제국의 주도 하에 전 세계에 구성된 자본주의의 네트워크에 한국 역시 비공식적 으로 포함되어 있었기에 최근의 영제국 관련 연구 경향에 맞춰 이 분제를 분석하는 것도 학 술적으로 의의가 있다. 결국 현재 외교 안보는 물론 글로벌 경제협력 분야에서 양국이 맺고 있는 중요한 관계가 문화적 교류의 역사를 바탕으로 삼고 있다는 점이 중요하다. 이 글은 이 러한 역사학적 주제들이 향후 문화간 연구(intercultural studies)의 중요한 대상이 될 수 있 다고 제안한다.
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