The consequences of fully remote interpretion on interpreter interaction and cooperation
A threat to professional cohesion?
Available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC) 4.0 license.
For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at rights@benjamins.nl.
Published online: 30 April 2023
https://doi.org/10.54754/incontext.v3i1.59
https://doi.org/10.54754/incontext.v3i1.59
Abstract
The emergence of conference interpreting as a profession, with the related formal attributes of a professional association, a code of ethics, and professionally-run training institutions, coincided with and was facilitated by the spread of simultaneous interpretation (SI) in the post-World War II period. SI enabled the increase in interpreted events and in the number of languages interpreted, thus accompanying the development of a multilingual institutional architecture. Whilst it also marked the beginning of a trend towards the greater distancing of interpreters from meetings, it led to greater proximity with peers, with the formation of interpreter teams. This helped to shape and consolidate informal professional attributes, such as a set of self-beliefs and norms. The greater physical distance of interpreters from the actual event has culminated in remote interpreting configurations of different types, the most extreme being full remote where interpreters interpret from their computers in separate locations.
On-site interpreter interaction encompasses many features, including practical forms of mutual assistance, but it also involves face-saving techniques, the sharing of knowledge and expertise, the alleviation of performance-related tensions and reinforcement of professional cohesion. Professional cohesion is understood here as compliance with a shared set of norms and adherence to shared beliefs, creating a feeling of belonging to and identification with the profession.
The use of remote interpreting involving interpreter home-working (henceforth called full remote) marks a sharp break with on-site teamwork, rendering some forms of cooperation difficult. In the following, we wish to consider how this might impact interpreter interaction and professional cohesion. To do so, a preliminary investigation of seven meetings has been conducted — two with interpreting on-site and five with interpreters in fully remote mode, with a view to identifying trends and patterns in interpreter exchanges in each. Preliminary observations indicate a notable reduction is some forms of interaction and cooperation. The intention of the article is to open up a new area of investigation and a new angle on the impact of remote interpreting on interpreters and the profession.
논문초록
국제회의 통역이 하나의 전문직으로 자리잡고, 전문 직업군으로서의 특성, 윤리적 규범, 전문 교육 기관의 형태를 갖추게 된 과정은 2차대전 전후 시기에 동시통역(SI)의 확산 과 맞물렸고 또 이에 기인했다 할 수 있겠다. 동시통역 활동 덕분에 통역이 되는 행사와 통역 대상 언어의 수가 증가하였고, 이를 통해 다국어 기구의 형성에 기여하였다. 물론 이 때문에 통역사와 회의와의 물리적 거리는 더 커졌으나 통역 팀이 형성되는 등 통역사들끼리의 거리 는 가까워졌다 할 수 있겠다. 이는 결과적으로 통역사의 자기신념이나 규범과 같은 전문직업 군으로서의 비공식적 특성이 형성되고 또 정착하는데 기여했다. 실제 회의와 통역사 간의 물 리적 거리가 커지면서 다양한 형태의 원격통역 방식이 등장하였는데, 가장 극단적인 통역 방 식은 별도의 장소에서 통역사가 컴퓨터를 통해 완전 원격통역을 진행하는 방법일 것이다.
현장에서의 통역사 상호교류는 물론 실질적인 상호지원 등의 형태로 진행되기도 하지만 동시에 체면 유지 기술 활용, 지식과 노하우의 공유, 통역행위와 관련된 긴장의 완화, 통역사 간 화합과 같은 형태를 띠기도 한다. 여기서 통역사 간 화합이란 통역사 집단이 공유되는 규 범과 믿음을 준수하고 따르는 것으로 이해해볼 수 있으며 이를 실현하여 통역사로서의 정체 성과 소속감을 구축할 수 있게 된다.
통역사가 재택근무를 하는 원격통역 방식(이하 완전 원격)은 현장에서의 협력 양상과는 괴리가 있어 특정 형태의 협력이 어려워진다. 본 소고에서는 이러한 양상이 통역사 간 상호 교류와 화합에 어떠한 영향을 주는지 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 일곱 개 회의에 대한 사전 조사 를 실시하였는데, 이중 둘은 현장에서 통역을 진행하였고 다섯은 완전 원격통역으로 진행되 었다. 사전 조사의 목적은 각 통역 방식의 양상과 특징을 알아보는 것이었고, 조사 결과 이러 한 통역 방식의 변화로 인해 특정 형태의 상호교류와 협력 빈도수가 가시적으로 줄어든 것으 로 나타났다. 따라서 본고의 목표는 통역사와 통역이라는 직업군에 대한 원격통역의 영향을 새로운 관점에서 살펴봄으로써 통역 연구의 범위를 넓히는 것이라 할 수 있을 것이다.
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