In:Handbook of Translation Studies: Volume 5
Edited by Yves Gambier and Luc van Doorslaer
[Handbook of Translation Studies 5] 2021
► pp. 254–281
Cumulative index
Published online: 16 September 2021
https://doi.org/10.1075/hts.5.si
https://doi.org/10.1075/hts.5.si
A
- Ability See Competence
- ABRAPT (Brazilian Association of Translation Researchers) See Institutionalization of Translation Studies
- Academic tools See Bibliographies of Translation Studies
- Acceptability See Audiovisual translation; Polysystem theory and translation
- Accessibility See Media accessibility
- Accreditation See Quality in interpreting; Status of translators
- Accuracy See Court/Legal interpreting; Medical translation and interpreting
- Acquisition (history) See Bilingualism and translation
- Activism See Narratives and contextual frames
- Actor network (theory) See Agents of translation; Models in Translation Studies; Social systems and translation
- Adaptation (Milton, Vol. 1, 36); see also Children’s literature and translationDomestication and foreignizationDrama translationIndigenous peoples and translationPseudotranslationRetranslationSubtitlingTechnical translationTourism translation
- Adaptation Studies See Alternative labels for “translation”
- Adaptation-selection principle See Ecology of translation
- Adaptive system See Complexity in translation studies
- Adequacy See Evaluation/Assessment; Machine translation today; Polysystem theory and translation
- Advertising (audiovisual -, electronic -, printed -) See Advertising translation; Tourism translation
- Advertising translation (Valdés, Vol. 2, 15); see also Audiovisual translationLocalization and translationSemiotics and translationTourism translationTranslation strategies and tacticsTurns of Translation StudiesWeb and translationWordplay in translation
- Affective cognition See Situated cognition
- Affective empathy See Empathy
- Affective factor See Emotions and translation; Translation psychology
- Affordances See Situated cognition
- African Studies See Development and translation
- Afterlife See Deconstruction; Postmodernism
- Agency See Agents of translation; Conflict and translation; Development and translation; International business and translation; Interpreting Studies; Migration and translation; Paratexts; Theory of translatorial action; Translation criticism; Translation psychology
- Agenda-setting See Information, communication, translation
- Agent See Healthcare interpreting; Translator studies
- Agents of translation (Buzelin, Vol. 2, 612); see also Communism and Translation StudiesDescriptive Translation StudiesEthnographic approachesInstitutional translationMusic and translationNetworking and volunteer translatorsNorms of translationPower and translationSociology of translationStatus of interpretersStatus of translatorsTranslation historyTranslation Studies
- AI/Artificial Intelligence See Post-editing
- AIETI (Asociación Ibérica de Estudios de Traducción e Interpretación) See Institutionalization of Translation Studies
- AIIC (International Association of Conference Interpreters) See Conference interpreting; Consecutive interpreting; Interpreting Studies; Relay interpreting
- Allusions See Realia
- Alphabet See Impact of translation
- Alternative labels for “translation” (van Doorslaer, Vol. 5, 39); see also AdaptationCultural translationEquivalenceInstitutionalization of Translation StudiesInterpretingIntersemiotic translationIntralingual translationJournalism and translationLocalization and translationMachine translation todayMultimodality and audiovisual translationTranscreationTransfer and Transfer StudiesTranslation
- Ambiguity See Interpretive approach; Machine translation today
- Americas See Eurocentrism
- Annotated corpus See Corpus-based interpreting studies
- Anthologies and translation (Seruya, Vol. 4, 16); see also Comparative approaches to translationLiterary translationParatexts
- Anthropocentric identity See Ecology of translation
- Anthropology and translation (Lavieri, Vol. 5, 1116); see also Cognitive approachesCultural translationEthnographic approachesGenetic translation studiesIndigenous peoples and translationMetaphors for translationMultilingualism and translationOrality and translationRetranslationTranslation
- Anti-globalization See Globalization and translation
- Applied ethics See Ethics and translation and for translators
- Applied Translation Studies (Rabadán, Vol. 1, 711); see also CorporaLocalization and translationTeaching translation / Training translatorsTranslation didacticsTranslation toolsWeb and translation
- Appropriation See Author and translator
- Aptitude See Testing and assessment in Translation and Interpreting Studies
- Aramaic See Lingua franca
- Archive(s) See Genetic translation studies; Religious texts and oral tradition
- Assessment See Curriculum; Evaluation/Assessment; Interpreting Studies; Quality in interpreting; Quality in translation; Testing and assessment in Translation and Interpreting Studies
- Assimilation See Hybridity and translation; Interpretive approach; Machine translation today; Translation history
- Assumed transfer See Assumed translation
- Assumed translation (D’hulst, Vol. 4, 711); see also Children’s literature and translationDescriptive Translation StudiesTransfer and Transfer StudiesTranslationTranslation historyTranslation problem
- ATISA (American Translation and Interpreting Studies Association) See Institutionalization of Translation Studies
- Attention See Interpreting; Interpretive approach; Simultaneous interpreting
- Attitude See Translator studies
- Audience See Empathy; Evaluation/Assessment; Music and translation; Stylistics and translation
- Audio description (Matamala, Vol. 5, 1722); see also Audiovisual translationCorporaHumor in translationIntersemiotic translationMedia accessibilityMultimodality and audiovisual translationMusic and translationRealiaReception and translationSubtitlingVoices in translationVoiceover and dubbing
- Audio description process/strategies See Audio description
- Audio-introduction See Audio description
- Audio-subtitling See Audio description; Media accessibility
- Audiovisual translation (Remael, Vol. 1, 1217); see also Drama translationGenres, text-types and translationMedia accessibilityMultimodality and audiovisual translationMusic and translationSociolinguistics and translationSubtitles and language learningSubtitlingVoiceover and dubbing
- Authentic text See Legal translation
- Authenticity See Testing and assessment in Translation and Interpreting Studies
- Author and translator (Flynn, Vol. 4, 1219); see also Editorial policy and translationLiterary Studies and Translation StudiesMultilingualism and translationParatextsPseudotranslationRepresentation of translators and interpretersSelf-translationVisibility (and invisibility)
- Authoritative translation See Legal translation
- Authorized translator See Status of translators
- Authorship See Anthologies and translation; Author and translator; Genetic translation studies; Publishing in Translation Studies; Self-translation; Translation rights
- Auto-translation See Self-translation
- Avant-texte See Genetic translation studies
B
- Background knowledge See Intralingual translation
- Berne convention See Editorial policy and translation; Translation rights
- Bhagavad-Gītā See Religious texts and oral tradition
- Bible See Genetic translation studies; Indigenous peoples and translation
- Bible translation See Functionalist approaches; Orality and translation; Religious translation; Translation Studies
- Bibliographies of Translation Studies (van Doorslaer, Vol. 2, 1316); see also BibliometricsInstitutionalization of Translation StudiesTranslation StudiesTranslation tools
- Bibliometrics (Grbić, Vol. 4, 2024); see also Audiovisual translationBibliographies of Translation StudiesSociology of translation
- Big data See Digital humanities and translation studies
- Bilingual brain See Neurolinguistics and interpreting
- Bilingual memory See Bilingualism and translation; Translation psychology
- Bilingual writers See Self-translation
- Bilingual children See Indigenous peoples and translation
- Bilingualism and translation (Shreve, Vol. 3, 16); see also Cognitive approachesCompetenceNatural translator and interpreterSelf-translationTeaching interpreting / Training interpretersTeaching translation / Training translatorsTranslation processTranslation psychologyTranslation universals
- Bilinguality See Interpreting Studies; Sign language interpreting and translating
- Biocultural diversity See Ecology of translation
- Biosemiotics See Ecology of translation
- Bitext See Computer-aided translation
- Black box See Common grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies); Models in Translation Studies; Neurolinguistics and interpreting; Translation process
- Book production See Editorial policy and translation; Translation rights
- Book series See Publishing in Translation Studies
- Border thinking See Translational turn
- Borderland See Translation zone
- Bottom-up See Comparative approaches to translation; Semantic models and translation
- Boundaries between disciplines See Alternative labels for “translation”
- Boundary See Migration and translation
- Broker See Translational turn
- Buddhist religion See Religious texts and oral tradition
- Business interpreting See Quality in interpreting
C
- Canadian See Indigenous peoples and translation
- Cannibalism See Literary translation
- Cannibalistic translation See Political translation
- Canon See Anthologies and translation; Literary Studies and Translation Studies; Polysystem theory and translation; Religious texts and oral tradition
- Canonical science See Scientificity and theory in Translation Studies
- Canonical text See Literary translation
- Canonical writers See World literature and translation
- Canonization See Translating social sciences
- Caption See Subtitles and language learning
- CATS (Canadian Association for Translation Studies) See Institutionalization of Translation Studies
- Causality See Translation history
- Causation See Complexity in translation studies; Translator studies
- Cause/Effect See Models in Translation Studies
- Censorship (Merkle, Vol. 1, 1821); see also AdaptationCommunism and Translation StudiesEthics and translationGender in translationPolitical translationRelay translationTranslation policyTranslation process
- CE(T)RA Chair See Institutionalization of Translation Studies
- Certification See Conference interpreting; Status of translators; Testing and assessment in Translation and Interpreting Studies
- Characters See Audio description
- Chiac See Hybridity and translation
- Child language brokering See Non-professional translators and interpreters
- Children’s literature and translation (Alvstad, Vol. 1, 2227); see also AdaptationCensorship
- Chinese See Museums and translation
- Chinese buddhist canon See Religious texts and oral tradition
- Chuchotage See Conference interpreting
- Chunk See Subtitling
- Cinema See Pseudotranslation
- Circulation of literature See World literature and translation
- Circulation of texts See Translating social sciences
- Citation index See Bibliometrics; Publishing in Translation Studies
- City/cities See Globalization and translation; Hybridity and translation; Translation zone; Travel and translation
- Climate change See Ecology of translation
- Code of conduct See Court/Legal interpreting
- Cognition See Multimodality in interpreting
- Cognitive approaches (Alves & Hurtado Albir, Vol. 1, 2835); see also Audiovisual translationBilingualism and translationCommon grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies)CompetenceConsecutive interpretingEye trackingInterpretive approachSight translationSimultaneous conference interpreting and technologySituated cognitionThink-aloud protocolTranslation processTranslation strategies and tacticsUnit of translation
- Cognitive effort See Eye tracking
- Cognitive empathy See Empathy
- Cognitive poetics See Stylistics and translation
- Cognitive processes See Bilingualism and translation; Interpreting; Simultaneous interpreting; Think-aloud protocol
- Cognitive psychology See Conference interpreting; Interpreting Studies
- Cognitive stylistics See Stylistics and translation
- Coherence See Text linguistics and translation
- Cold war See Communism and Translation Studies
- Collaboration See Transcreation
- Collaborative translation (O’Brien, Vol. 2, 1720); see also Commercial translationCommunity interpretingComputer-aided translationFunctionalist approachesGlobalization and translationLocalization and translationMachine translation todayNetworking and volunteer translatorsQuality in translationRevisionTeaching translation / Training translatorsTranslation tools
- Collective narratives See Narratives and contextual frames
- Collocation See Linguistics and translation
- Colonial expansion See Nation, empire, translation
- Colonial language See Hybridity and translation
- Colonialism See Indigenous peoples and translation
- Colonization See Eurocentrism; Nation, empire, translation; Post-colonial literatures and translation
- Comics in translation (Kaindl, Vol. 1, 3640); see also Children’s literature and translationTranslation processTurns of Translation Studies
- Commercial translation (Olohan, Vol. 1, 4144); see also Computer-aided translationGlobalization and translationJournalism and translationLegal translationLocalization and translationMachine translation todayQuality in translationReligious translationSemiotics and translationTechnical translationTerminology and translationTranslation processTranslation strategies and tactics
- Commission See Theory of translatorial action
- Committed approaches and activism (Brownlie, Vol. 1, 4548); see also Gender in translationIdeology and translationNetworking and volunteer translators
- Common grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies) (Grbić & Wolf, Vol. 3, 716); see also Interdisciplinarity in Translation StudiesInterpretingInterpreting StudiesNorms of translationSign language interpreting and translatingTranslationTranslation Studies
- Communication (process) See Information, communication, translation; Text linguistics and translation
- Communication Studies See Information, communication, translation
- Communicative act See Interpreting Studies; Technical translation
- Communicative function(s) See Theory of translatorial action
- Communicative risk See Risk in translation
- Communicative text(s) See Development and translation
- Communism and Translation Studies (Popa, Vol. 4, 2530); see also Agents of translationCensorshipChildren’s literature and translationCommitted approaches and activismIdeology and translationPower and translationStatus of translators
- Communities See Anthropology and translation; Ethnographic approaches; Networking and volunteer translators
- Community interpreting (Hertog, Vol. 1, 4954); see also Consecutive interpretingQuality in interpretingSign language interpreting and translatingTeaching interpreting / Training interpreters
- Community translation See Networking and volunteer translators
- Comparable corpus See Corpus-based interpreting studies
- Comparable data See Healthcare interpreting
- Comparative approaches to translation (Koster, Vol. 2, 2125); see also CorporaDescriptive Translation StudiesEvaluation/AssessmentGender in translationHermeneutics and translationLiterary Studies and Translation StudiesPost-colonial literatures and translationRetranslationTranslation processTranslation strategies and tacticsTranslation Studies
- Comparative Literature See Literary Studies and Translation Studies; Translation history; World literature and translation
- Comparison of texts See Comparative approaches to translation
- Competence (Hurtado Albir, Vol. 1, 5559); see also Bilingualism and translationCognitive approachesNatural translator and interpreterStatus of interpretersTeaching translation / Training translatorsTranslation didacticsTranslation processTranslation psychologyTranslation strategies and tactics
- Competence (metacultural -) See Realia
- Complexity See Anthropology and translation
- Complexity in translation studies (Marais, Vol. 5, 2329); see also Alternative labels for “translation”Cognitive approachesHermeneutics and translationJournalism and translationMachine translation todayPhilosophy and translationPostmodernismReligious translationSemiotics and translationSituated cognitionSocial systems and translationTeaching translation / Training translatorsTranslation Studies
- Complexity theory See Narratives and contextual frames; Social systems and translation
- Comprehension See Lingua franca
- Computer-aided translation (Bowker & Fisher, Vol. 1, 6065); see also CorporaGlobalization and translationLocalization and translationMachine translation todayNetworking and volunteer translatorsTerminology and translationWeb and translation
- Concept See Language philosophy and translation
- Conceptual map See Bibliographies of Translation Studies
- Conceptual metaphor(s) See Metaphors for translation
- Conceptual network See Translation problem
- Concordance(r) See Corpora
- Conference interpreting (Setton, Vol. 1, 6674); see also Consecutive interpretingInterpretingMedia interpretingQuality in interpretingSight translationTeaching interpreting / Training interpreters
- Confidentiality See Ethics and translation and for translators
- Conflict and translation (Salama-Carr, Vol. 4, 3135); see also Committed approaches and activismDiscourse analysisEthics and translationIdeology and translationJournalism and translationTranslation strategies and tactics
- Conflict zone See NGOs and translation
- Connotation(s) See Realia
- Consecutive interpreting (Dam, Vol. 1, 7579); see also Community interpretingConference interpretingEye trackingInterpreting StudiesInterpretive approach
- Consistency See Institutional translation; Testing and assessment in Translation and Interpreting Studies
- Contact zone See Translation zone; Translational turn
- Content See Media accessibility
- Content management system See Translation tools
- Context(s) See Common grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies); Emotions and translation; Linguistics and translation; Medical translation and interpreting; Relay translation; Remote interpreting; Sociolinguistics and translation
- Continentalization See Eurocentrism
- Contrastive linguistics and Translation Studies (Vandepitte & De Sutter, Vol. 4, 3641); see also Comparative approaches to translationCompetenceCorporaEmpirical approachesEquivalenceLinguistics and translationMachine translation todayQuality in translationTranslation didacticsTranslation problemTranslation processTranslation strategies and tacticsTranslation universals
- Contrastive rhetoric See Rhetoric and translation; Translating social sciences
- Controlled languages See Machine translation today; Technical translation
- Convention(s) See Norms of translation; Paratexts
- Cookery text See Food and translation
- Copyrights See Computer-aided translation; Translation rights
- Corpora (Laviosa, Vol. 1, 8086); see also Audiovisual translationComputer-aided translationContrastive linguistics and Translation StudiesCorpus-based interpreting studiesSign language interpreting and translatingTerminology and translationTranslation psychology
- Corpus-based interpreting studies (Russo, Vol. 5, 3136); see also CorporaInterpreting StudiesInterpretive approachMedia interpretingQuality in interpretingTranslation universals
- Correspondence (lexical -) See Bilingualism and translation; Equivalence; Translation problem
- Cosmopolitanism See Hybridity and translation
- Cost See Post-editing
- Coupled pair(s) See Translation problem
- Court translator See Status of translators
- Court/Legal interpreting (Russell, Vol. 3, 1720); see also Community interpretingConference interpretingConsecutive interpretingInterpreting StudiesLegal translationQuality in interpretingRelay interpretingRemote interpretingSign language interpreting and translatingSimultaneous interpretingTeaching interpreting / Training interpreters
- Creative industries See Transcreation
- Creative translation See Creativity; Semantic models and translation
- Creativity (O’Sullivan, Vol. 4, 4246); see also AdaptationAgents of translationAuthor and translatorMultimodality and audiovisual translationPoetry translationSelf-translationTranscreationTranslation strategies and tacticsWordplay in translation
- Credibility risk See Risk in translation
- Creole See Literary translation
- Creolization See Hybridity and translation; Translation zone
- Crime fiction See Translating popular fiction
- Crisis setting See NGOs and translation
- Critical discourse analysis (CDA) See Discourse analysis
- Critique génétique/genetic criticism See Genetic translation studies
- Cross-border exchanges See International business and translation
- Cross-cultural communication See Knowledge management and translation
- Cross-cultural translation See Translational turn
- Crowdsourcing See Collaborative translation; Computer-aided translation; Globalization and translation; Networking and volunteer translators; Social media and translation; Translation tools
- Cultural approaches (Marinetti, Vol. 2, 2630); see also AdaptationAgents of translationCensorshipCultural translationDescriptive Translation StudiesEthics and translationGender in translationLinguistics and translationNorms of translationPolitical translationPolysystem theory and translationPost-colonial literatures and translationSociology of translationTranslation StudiesTurns of Translation Studies
- Cultural change See Literary translation
- Cultural context adaptation See Children’s literature and translation
- Cultural image See National and cultural images
- Cultural imperialism See Nation, empire, translation
- Cultural references See Domestication and foreignization; Intralingual translation; Realia
- Cultural representation See Translational turn
- Cultural semiotics See Intersemiotic translation
- Cultural studies See Cultural translation; Orality and translation
- Cultural transfer See Sociolinguistics and translation
- Cultural translation (Conway, Vol. 3, 2125); see also Cultural approachesMigration and translationPost-colonial literatures and translation
- Cultural turn See Common grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies); Cultural approaches; Literary Studies and Translation Studies; Postmodernism
- Cultural values See Advertising translation; Tourism translation
- Cultural-specific items See Tourism translation
- Culture See Polysystem theory and translation; Post-colonial literatures and translation
- Culture-bound items See Realia
- Culture-specific elements See Domestication and foreignization; Realia; Sociolinguistics and translation
D
- Data See Digital humanities and translation studies; Emotions and translation; Eurocentrism; Methodology in Translation Studies
- Data typologies See Corpus-based interpreting studies
- Data visualisation See Digital humanities and translation studies
- Deaf and hard of hearing See Audiovisual translation; Community interpreting; Interpreting; Relay interpreting; Sign language interpreting and translating
- Decision process See Translation policy; Translation psychology
- Decision-making See Agents of translation; Cognitive approaches; Technical translation; Translation process; Translation psychology
- Decolonization See Eurocentrism; Post-colonial literatures and translation
- Deconstruction (Dizdar, Vol. 2, 3136); see also Committed approaches and activismEthics and translationLiterary Studies and Translation StudiesPhilosophy and translationPostmodernismRelevance and translationTranslationTranslation Studies
- Dehumanization of translation services See Translator studies
- Description See Audio description
- Descriptive Translation Studies (DTS) (Assis Rosa, Vol. 1, 94104); see also Applied Translation StudiesAudiovisual translationCommitted approaches and activismCommon grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies)CorporaCultural approachesEquivalenceLiterary Studies and Translation StudiesPolysystem theory and translationTechnical translationTranslation didactics
- Development and translation (Marais, Vol. 3, 2631); see also Hybridity and translationOrality and translationPost-colonial literatures and translation
- Development Studies See Development and translation
- Deverbalization See Interpreting Studies; Interpretive approach; Sight translation
- Diachrony See Intralingual translation
- Dialect See Indigenous peoples and translation; Sociolinguistics and translation; Voices in translation
- Dialogic interaction See Multimodality in interpreting
- Didactics See Curriculum; Teaching interpreting / Training interpreters; Teaching translation / Training translators; Translation didactics
- Difference See Ethics and translation; Original and translation
- Digital age See Multimodality and audiovisual translation
- Digital humanities and translation studies (Bowker, Vol. 5, 3744); see also Bibliographies of Translation StudiesBibliometricsComputer-aided translationCorporaEthnographic approachesIndirect translationInterdisciplinarity in Translation StudiesMachine translation todayMedia interpretingSocial media and translationTranslation historyTranslation StudiesTranslation toolsTranslation universals
- Digital media See Visibility (and invisibility)
- Digital spaces See Digital humanities and translation studies
- Digital technologies See Digital humanities and translation studies; Indirect translation
- Digital text See Digital humanities and translation studies
- Digitization See Alternative labels for “translation”
- Diplomacy See Impact of translation
- Directionality (Pokorn, Vol. 2, 3739); see also Conference interpretingDomestication and foreignizationInterpretingInterpreting StudiesMedia interpretingQuality in interpretingReligious translationTeaching interpreting / Training interpretersTeaching translation / Training translatorsTranslation processTranslation tools
- Directorate-General for interpreting (DGI) See Institutionalization of Translation Studies
- Directorate-General for translation (DGT) See English as a lingua franca and translation; Institutionalization of Translation Studies
- Discipline See Alternative labels for “translation”; Translating social sciences
- Discourse See Anthropology and translation; Cultural approaches; Discourse analysis; Ideology and translation; Power and translation; Text linguistics and translation
- Discourse analysis (Schäffner, Vol. 4, 4752); see also Community interpretingCourt/Legal interpretingEvaluation/AssessmentIdeology and translationPolitical translationSociolinguistics and translationTeaching translation / Training translatorsText linguistics and translation
- Displacement See Cultural translation
- Dissemination See Bibliometrics; Machine translation today
- Distancing See Translation zone
- Distant reading See World literature and translation
- Distributed cognition See Situated cognition
- Documents (types of -) See Technical translation; Terminology and translation
- Domestication and foreignization (Paloposki, Vol. 2, 4042); see also Bibliographies of Translation StudiesChildren’s literature and translationEthics and translationRealiaRetranslationTranslation strategies and tacticsVisibility (and invisibility)
- Dominating language See Relay translation
- Drafting See Revision
- Drama translation (Aaltonen, Vol. 1, 94104); see also Audiovisual translationMusic and translation
- Dual readership See Children’s literature and translation
- Dubbing See Audiovisual translation; Non-professional translators and interpreters; Subtitling; Voiceover and dubbing
- Dynamical view See Situated cognition
E
- E-terminology See Social media and translation
- Eco-translation/eco-translatology See Ecology of translation
- Ecology of translation (Cronin, Vol. 5, 4551); see also Globalization and translationLocalization and translationMinority languages and translation
- Economics See Risk in translation
- Economics of translation See Power and translation
- Editing See Revision
- Editorial market See Translating social sciences
- Editorial policy and translation (Sapiro, Vol. 3, 3238); see also Agents of translationBibliographies of Translation StudiesGlobalization and translationLiterary translationNational and cultural images
- Effect See Models in Translation Studies
- Effort (model) See Consecutive interpreting; Interpreting Studies; Interpretive approach; Models in Translation Studies; Sight translation; Simultaneous interpreting
- ELF/English as a lingua franca See Lingua franca; NGOs and translation; Translating social sciences
- Embedded cognition See Situated cognition
- Embodied cognition See Situated cognition
- Emergence See Complexity in translation studies
- Emotional factor See Representation of translators and interpreters; Translation psychology
- Emotions and translation (Hubscher-Davidson, Vol. 5, 5358); see also Audio descriptionCognitive approachesEmpathyReception and translationTranslation processTranslation psychology
- Empathy (Apfelthaler, Vol. 5, 5965); see also Agents of translationAuthor and translatorBibliographies of Translation StudiesCognitive approachesCollaborative translationCompetenceCreativityCultural approachesDirectionalityEmotions and translationEmpirical approachesHealthcare interpretingHermeneutics and translationIdeology and translationImpact of translationLiterary translationMethodology in Translation StudiesOriginal and translationQuality in translationReception and translationReception and translationScientificity and theory in Translation StudiesScientificity and theory in Translation StudiesSociology of translationTeaching translation / Training translatorsTheory of translatorial actionTranslation didacticsTranslation processTranslation psychologyTranslation strategies and tactics
- Empire(s) See English as a lingua franca and translation; Impact of translation; Nation, empire, translation; Translation zone
- Empirical approaches (Künzli, Vol. 4, 5358); see also Audiovisual translationCognitive approachesConference interpretingCorporaEthnographic approachesMethodology in Translation StudiesRelay translationSociology of translationSubtitlingThink-aloud protocolTranslation process
- Empirical research See Empirical approaches; General translation theory; Interpreting Studies; Think-aloud protocol
- Empirical studies See Empirical approaches; Interpretive approach; Turns of Translation Studies
- Empirical testing See Scientificity and theory in Translation Studies
- Empowerment See Ergonomics and translation workplaces; Metaphors for translation
- EN 15038 standard See Status of translators
- Enactivism See Situated cognition
- End-product See Translation problem
- Energy consumption See Ecology of translation
- English See Lingua franca; Museums and translation; Tourism translation
- English as a lingua franca and translation (House, Vol. 4, 5962); see also AdaptationCommercial translationGlobalization and translationLingua francaLocalization and translationNGOs and translationTranslating social sciences
- English as a pivot language See Indirect translation
- Enquiry See Empirical approaches
- Entextualization See Orality and translation
- Entropy See Complexity in translation studies
- Epistemology See Complexity in translation studies
- Equivalence (Leal, Vol. 3, 3946); see also Alternative labels for “translation”Contrastive linguistics and Translation StudiesCreativityDescriptive Translation StudiesEvaluation/AssessmentFunctionalist approachesGeneral translation theoryInstitutional translationInterpretive approachLinguistics and translationMedical translation and interpretingModels in Translation StudiesNorms of translationQuality in translationRealiaSemiotics and translationTerminology and translationTranslationTranslation StudiesTurns of Translation Studies
- Equivalence (cultural -) See Equivalence; Realia
- Equivalence (dynamic -) See Equivalence
- Equivalence (formal -) See Equivalence
- Equivalence (lexical -) See Equivalence; Realia
- Ergonomics and translation workplaces (Ehrensberger-Dow, Vol. 5, 6772); see also Computer-aided translationCreativityEye trackingMachine translation todayQuality in translationSituated cognitionTranslation processTranslator studies
- Errors See Post-editing; Translation ‘errors’
- Esperanto See Literary translation
- Essentialism See Deconstruction; Ideology and translation
- EST (European Society for Translation Studies) See Institutionalization of Translation Studies
- Ethics and translation (van Wyke, Vol. 1, 111115); see also Committed approaches and activismConference interpretingConflict and translationDeconstructionDomestication and foreignizationFunctionalist approachesPhilosophy and translationPost-colonial literatures and translationPower and translationRelay interpreting
- Ethics and translation and for translators (Kenny, Vol. 5, 7378); see also Committed approaches and activismConflict and translationEthics and translationNorms of translationPhilosophy and translationTranslator studies
- Ethics of care/communication/cooperation See Ethics and translation and for translators
- Ethnocentrism See Domestication and foreignization
- Ethnographic approaches (Flynn, Vol. 1, 116119); see also CorporaCultural translationPost-colonial literatures and translationSociology of translationTranslation historyTranslation Studies
- EU institutions See Institutional translation
- EUATC See Status of translators
- Eurocentrism (van Doorslaer, Vol. 3, 4751); see also Orality and translationPost-colonial literatures and translationPower and translationTranslation Studies
- European Master’s in Translation (EMT) See Impact of translation theory
- European Parliament See Corpus-based interpreting studies
- European Quality Standard for translation (EN 15038) See Revision
- Evaluation agency See Publishing in Translation Studies
- Evaluation/Assessment (Colina, Vol. 2, 4348); see also AdaptationCompetenceComputer-aided translationCorporaEquivalenceFunctionalist approachesMachine translation todayQuality in interpretingQuality in translationTesting and assessment in Translation and Interpreting StudiesTranslationTranslation criticismTranslation Studies
- Evangelism See Indigenous peoples and translation
- Exhibition space See Museums and translation
- Expectation(s) See Paratexts
- Experiment See Empirical approaches
- Experimental psychology See Interpreting Studies; Interpretive approach
- Experimental research See Scientificity and theory in Translation Studies
- Expert-to-expert communication See Translation problem
- Expertise See Translation psychology
- Expertise research See Competence; Think-aloud protocol
- Expert–layman communication See Popularization and translation
- Explanation See Agents of translation; Models in Translation Studies; Translation universals
- Explicit knowledge See Knowledge management and translation
- Explicitation See Translation universals
- Extended view See Situated cognition
- Eye tracking (Kruger, Vol. 5, 7985); see also Audiovisual translationBilingualism and translationCognitive approachesErgonomics and translation workplacesInterpretingLinguistics and translationMultimodality and audiovisual translationMultimodality in interpretingPost-editingSubtitlingTranslation process
- Eye-mind assumption See Eye tracking
F
- Faithfulness See Political translation; Postmodernism; Self-translation
- Falsifiability See Scientificity and theory in Translation Studies
- Family interpreting See Non-professional translators and interpreters
- Fandubbing See Audiovisual translation; Subtitling; Voiceover and dubbing
- Fansubbing See Audiovisual translation; Collaborative translation; Subtitling
- Feminist translation See Gender in translation; Retranslation
- Fictional (character/turn) See Representation of translators and interpreters
- Fictitious translation See Pseudotranslation
- Fidelity See Intercultural mediation
- Field (Bourdieu) See Sociology of translation
- Fieldwork See Anthropology and translation
- Figure of speech See Music and translation; Rhetoric and translation
- Film techniques See Audio description
- Final solution See Translation problem
- First World See Development and translation
- FIT (International Federation of Translators) See Status of translators
- Fixation(s) See Eye tracking; Multimodality in interpreting
- Fluency See Machine translation today; Teaching translation / Training translators; Translation tools
- Folk religion See Religious texts and oral tradition
- Food (- activism, - ecology, - security, - supply) See Food and translation
- Food and translation (Desjardins, Vol. 5, 8792); see also Audiovisual translationEthics and translation and for translatorsIntercultural mediationIntersemiotic translationIntralingual translationSocial media and translation
- Foreign language(s) See Directionality; Travel and translation
- Foreignizing/foreignization See Domestication and foreignization; Realia; Retranslation; Translation strategies and tactics
- Formal and informal settings See Non-professional translators and interpreters
- Framing See Information, communication, translation; Journalism and translation; Narratives and contextual frames
- French See Lingua franca; Museums and translation
- Function(s) See Advertising translation; World literature and translation
- Function-oriented See Descriptive Translation Studies
- Functionalist approaches (Nord, Vol. 1, 120128); see also Common grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies)Genres, text-types and translationReligious translationSubtitlingText linguistics and translationTheory of translatorial actionTranslation didacticsTranslation Studies
- Furthering See Translation zone
- Fuzzy match See Post-editing
G
- Gain/loss See Risk in translation
- Gaze See Multimodality in interpreting
- Gender in translation (von Flotow, Vol. 1, 129133); see also Power and translationReligious translation
- Gender minorities See Gender in translation
- Genealogies of world literature See World literature and translation
- General translation theory (Dizdar, Vol. 3, 5258); see also Descriptive Translation StudiesEquivalenceFunctionalist approachesInterpreting StudiesModels in Translation StudiesNorms of translationTranslationTranslation Studies
- Generalization See Translation universals
- Genetic translation studies (Cordingley, Vol. 5, 9398); see also Cognitive approachesCorporaDescriptive Translation StudiesMethodology in Translation StudiesSociology of translation
- Genres, text-types and translation (Gambier, Vol. 4, 6369); see also Audiovisual translationDiscourse analysisEquivalenceFunctionalist approachesMedia accessibilityMedical translation and interpretingMethodology in Translation StudiesMultimodality and audiovisual translationSociolinguistics and translationText linguistics and translationTranslating popular fictionTranslation problemTranslation strategies and tactics
- Geography See Eurocentrism
- German See Lingua franca
- Global language See Orality and translation; Scientific translation
- Globalization and translation (Cronin, Vol. 1, 134140); see also Community interpretingHybridity and translationRepresentation of translators and interpretersTourism translationTranslation zoneTravel and translation
- Gloss translation See Drama translation
- Google Translate See Globalization and translation; Networking and volunteer translators
- Great translation See Retranslation
- Greek See Lingua franca
- Guidelines See Audio description
H
- Habitus (Bourdieu) See Agents of translation; Ethnographic approaches; Methodology in Translation Studies; Sociology of translation; Translation history; Translator studies
- Healthcare interpreting (Cirillo, Vol. 5, 99104); see also Community interpretingConsecutive interpretingIntercultural mediationInterpretingMedical translation and interpretingMultimodality in interpretingQuality in interpretingRemote interpretingSight translationSign language interpreting and translatingSimultaneous interpretingStatus of interpretersTeaching interpreting / Training interpreters
- Hegemony See Nation, empire, translation
- Hermeneutics and translation (Stolze, Vol. 1, 141146); see also Cognitive approachesLiterary Studies and Translation StudiesReligious translationTeaching translation / Training translators
- Heterogeneity See Deconstruction
- Heteroglossia See Anthropology and translation; Literary translation; Post-colonial literatures and translation
- High/low culture See Translating popular fiction
- Hindu religion See Religious texts and oral tradition
- Historical relativism See Assumed translation
- Historiography See Gender in translation; Translation history
- History See Impact of translation; Translation history
- Homophonic translation See Visibility (and invisibility)
- Human sciences culture See Scientificity and theory in Translation Studies
- Human-computer interaction See Ergonomics and translation workplaces; Situated cognition
- Humanities See Digital humanities and translation studies; Translational turn
- Humor in translation (Vandaele, Vol. 1, 147152); see also Descriptive Translation StudiesWordplay in translation
- Hybrid text See Institutional translation; Music and translation
- Hybridity and translation (Simon, Vol. 2, 4953); see also Development and translationPost-colonial literatures and translationTranslationTranslation StudiesTranslation zoneTravel and translation
- Hybridization See Post-colonial literatures and translation; Web and translation
- Hypermedia text See Genres, text-types and translation
- Hypothesis See Models in Translation Studies
I
- IATIS (International Association for Translation and Intercultural Studies) See Institutionalization of Translation Studies
- Identity/identities (construction of -) See Drama translation; Gender in translation; Hybridity and translation; Literary Studies and Translation Studies; Literary translation; Migration and translation; National and cultural images; Original and translation; Philosophy and translation; Power and translation; Representation of translators and interpreters
- Ideological manipulation See Children’s literature and translation
- Ideology and translation (Baumgarten, Vol. 3, 5965); see also Agents of translationCensorshipCommitted approaches and activismCommunism and Translation StudiesConflict and translationCultural approachesEthnographic approachesGender in translationNorms of translationPolitical translationPost-colonial literatures and translationPower and translationReligious translationSociology of translationTranslation policyTurns of Translation Studies
- Image building See National and cultural images
- Image(s) See Cultural approaches; Multimodality and audiovisual translation; National and cultural images; Representation of translators and interpreters; Translation criticism; Travel and translation
- Imagery See Poetry translation
- Imitation See Assumed translation
- Impact factor See Publishing in Translation Studies
- Impact of translation (Woodsworth, Vol. 4, 7076); see also AdaptationCensorshipPost-colonial literatures and translationPower and translationReligious translationTranslation zone
- Impact of translation theory (van Doorslaer, Vol. 4, 7783); see also Functionalist approachesInstitutionalization of Translation StudiesModels in Translation StudiesPostmodernismStatus of interpretersStatus of translatorsTranslation didacticsWeb and translation
- Implicit knowledge See Knowledge management and translation
- Implied translator See Voices in translation
- Import See Literary translation; Pseudotranslation
- Inclusive design See Media accessibility
- Incongruity principle See Music and translation
- Index translationum See Editorial policy and translation
- Indian drama See Transcreation
- Indigenous language(s) See Nation, empire, translation
- Indigenous peoples and translation (Henitiuk & Mahieu, Vol. 5, 105111); see also Children’s literature and translationCommunity interpretingEurocentrismMinority languages and translationOrality and translationPost-colonial literatures and translationPower and translationRelay translationReligious texts and oral traditionReligious translationSelf-translation
- Indirect translation (Pięta, Vol. 5, 113119); see also EquivalenceEthics and translation and for translatorsGlobalization and translationInstitutional translationJournalism and translationMachine translation todayMinority languages and translationOriginal and translationQuality in translationRelay interpretingRelay translationRetranslation
- Individual agents See Publishing in Translation Studies
- Inequality See Social systems and translation
- Inference See Simultaneous interpreting
- Information management See Knowledge management and translation
- Information, communication, translation (Valdeón, Vol. 3, 6672); see also AdaptationGlobalization and translationJournalism and translation
- Information-processing model See Situated cognition
- Information flow See Globalization and translation
- Information processing See Consecutive interpreting; Interpreting Studies; Sight translation; Sign language interpreting and translating
- Informational society See Information, communication, translation
- Informativity See Text linguistics and translation
- Inscription(s) See Comics in translation
- Institutional agents See Publishing in Translation Studies
- Institutional encounter See Healthcare interpreting
- Institutional translation (Koskinen, Vol. 2, 5460); see also AdaptationAgents of translationCensorshipComputer-aided translationEquivalenceFunctionalist approachesHybridity and translationNorms of translationOfficial translationSociology of translationTranslation policyTranslation strategies and tacticsTranslation Studies
- Institutionalization of Translation Studies (Gile, Vol. 3, 7380); see also Bibliographies of Translation StudiesCognitive approachesCommunity interpretingConference interpretingCurriculumImpact of translation theoryInterdisciplinarity in Translation StudiesInterpretingInterpreting StudiesSign language interpreting and translatingTeaching interpreting / Training interpretersTeaching translation / Training translatorsTranslationTranslation Studies
- Instrumentalism See World literature and translation
- Integrated approach See Literary Studies and Translation Studies
- Intellectual property rights See Ethics and translation and for translators
- Interaction See Healthcare interpreting; Interpreting; Interpreting Studies
- Interactive machine translation See Post-editing
- Intercultural awareness See Tourism translation
- Intercultural mediation (Katan, Vol. 4, 8491); see also Agents of translationCommitted approaches and activismCommunity interpretingCultural approachesGlobalization and translationIdeology and translationInterpretive approachLocalization and translationNatural translator and interpreterPower and translationRealiaStatus of interpretersText linguistics and translationVisibility (and invisibility)
- Interdisciplinarity in Translation Studies (Lambert, Vol. 3, 8188); see also Audiovisual translationCommon grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies)Community interpretingConflict and translationCorporaDevelopment and translationInstitutionalization of Translation StudiesInternational business and translationInterpreting StudiesMethodology in Translation StudiesMusic and translationPolitical translationPublishing in Translation StudiesTransfer and Transfer StudiesTurns of Translation Studies
- Interface See Translation tools
- Interference(s) See Contrastive linguistics and Translation Studies; Interpretive approach; Translation ‘errors’; Translation universals
- Interim solution See Translation problem
- Interlingua (system) See Machine translation today; Relay translation
- Interlingual transfer See Transfer and Transfer Studies
- Interlingual translation See International business and translation; Museums and translation; Orality and translation; Travel and translation
- Intermediality See Intersemiotic translation
- Intermediary See Nation, empire, translation
- Intermediate language See Relay translation
- International business and translation (Piekkari & Tietze, Vol. 5, 121126); see also Agents of translationEnglish as a lingua franca and translationEquivalenceIndirect translationLingua francaMachine translation todaySemiotics and translationTransfer and Transfer Studies
- International institutions See Multilingualism and translation
- International organisation See NGOs and translation
- International politics See Power and translation
- Interpersonal relationship See Healthcare interpreting
- Interplay language-paralanguage See Multimodality in interpreting
- Interpretant See Intersemiotic translation
- Interpretation (of meaning) See Anthropology and translation; Audio description; Emotions and translation; Intersemiotic translation; Intralingual translation
- Interpretative semiotics See Intersemiotic translation
- Interpreter See Empathy
- Interpreter education See Status of interpreters
- Interpreter-mediated interaction See Status of interpreters
- Interpreter’s self-perception See Status of interpreters
- Interpreting (Pöchhacker, Vol. 1, 153157); see also Common grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies)Community interpretingImpact of translationIndigenous peoples and translationLingua francaRelay interpretingSight translationSimultaneous interpreting
- Interpreting in crisis See Non-professional translators and interpreters
- Interpreting Studies (Pöchhacker, Vol. 1, 158172); see also Common grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies)CompetenceConsecutive interpretingEthnographic approachesSimultaneous conference interpreting and technologySimultaneous interpretingTranslation strategies and tactics
- Interpretive approach (Lederer, Vol. 1, 173179); see also Teaching translation / Training translators
- Interpretive community See Sociolinguistics and translation
- Intersemiotic transfer See Transfer and Transfer Studies
- Intersemiotic translation (Sütiste, Vol. 5, 127134); see also AdaptationLocalization and translationOrality and translationSemiotics and translationTransfer and Transfer StudiesTravel and translation
- Interspecies communication See Ecology of translation
- Intertextuality See Interpretive approach; Literary translation; Museums and translation; Text linguistics and translation; Translating social sciences
- Interview See Empirical approaches; Ergonomics and translation workplaces
- Intralingual subtitling See Audiovisual translation
- Intralingual transfer See Transfer and Transfer Studies
- Intralingual translation (Zethsen, Vol. 5, 135142); see also Alternative labels for “translation”Intersemiotic translationNorms of translationRetranslationTranslationTranslation strategies and tacticsTranslation universals
- Intrasemiotic translation See Intersemiotic translation
- Introductory translation See Drama translation
- Inuktitut language See Indigenous peoples and translation
- Invariant See Intersemiotic translation
- Invention See Rhetoric and translation
- Invisibility See Visibility (and invisibility)
J
- JAITS (Japanese Association for Interpreting and Translation Studies) See Institutionalization of Translation Studies
- Joual See Hybridity and translation
- Journalism and translation (van Doorslaer, Vol. 1, 180184); see also AdaptationAudiovisual translationInformation, communication, translationSubtitlingVoiceover and dubbing
- Journals (in TS) See Institutionalization of Translation Studies
- Journals/periodicals See Publishing in Translation Studies
- Junior/senior translator See Revision
K
- Keyword system See Bibliographies of Translation Studies
- Kinesics See Multimodality in interpreting
- Knowledge See Anthropology and translation
- Knowledge asymmetry See Medical translation and interpreting
- Knowledge management and translation (Risku, Vol. 4, 9297); see also Cognitive approachesMultilingualism and translationStatus of translatorsTeaching translation / Training translatorsTechnical translationTerminology and translationTransfer and Transfer StudiesTranslation strategies and tactics
- Knowledge mediation See Medical translation and interpreting
L
- Language acquisition See Language learning and translation; Subtitles and language learning
- Language alphabets See Web and translation
- Language change See Sociolinguistics and translation
- Language combination See Conference interpreting; Interpreting; Relay interpreting
- Language contact See Impact of translation; Sociolinguistics and translation
- Language in use See Discourse analysis
- Language interaction See Sociolinguistics and translation
- Language learning and translation (Malmkjær, Vol. 1, 185190); see also Subtitles and language learning
- Language management See Multilingualism and translation
- Language pairs See Corpus-based interpreting studies; Interpreting Studies; Interpretive approach
- Language philosophy and translation (Malmkjær, Vol. 3, 8994); see also Linguistics and translationPhilosophy and translation
- Language planning See Official translation; Political translation; Sociolinguistics and translation
- Language plurality See International business and translation
- Language policy See Multilingualism and translation; Sociolinguistics and translation
- Language separation See Bilingualism and translation
- Language standardization See Sociolinguistics and translation
- Language technologies See Ergonomics and translation workplaces
- Language use See Ethnographic approaches; Gender in translation; Interpretive approach; Retranslation; Sociolinguistics and translation
- Language variation See Sign language interpreting and translating; Sociolinguistics and translation
- Language-switching See Bilingualism and translation
- Languages A/B See Directionality; Quality in interpreting
- Languages for special purposes (LSP) See Technical translation
- Languages of limited diffusion See Relay interpreting
- Lateralization (cerebral -) See Neurolinguistics and interpreting
- Latin See Lingua franca
- Law See Court/Legal interpreting; Legal translation
- Law of translational behaviour See Translation universals
- Laws of thermodynamics See Complexity in translation studies
- Laws of translation See Descriptive Translation Studies; Norms of translation; Translation universals
- Layman readership See Intralingual translation
- Learner-centered approach See Translation didactics
- Legal translation (Cao, Vol. 1, 191195); see also Multilingualism and translationTechnical translation
- Lengthening See Translation universals
- Lexical pattern See Translation universals
- Lexical selection See Bilingualism and translation
- Liaison interpreting See Conference interpreting; Interpreting; Relay interpreting
- Liberal arts paradigm See Scientificity and theory in Translation Studies
- Libretto See Music and translation
- Licensing See Translation rights
- Light/full post-editing See Post-editing
- Lingua franca (Hewson, Vol. 5, 143149); see also Collaborative translationConference interpretingDirectionalityEnglish as a lingua franca and translationGlobalization and translationMachine translation todayOrality and translationRelay interpretingRevisionScientific translationTourism translationTranslation ‘errors’Turns of Translation Studies
- Linguistic diversity See Editorial policy and translation
- Linguistic error See Revision; Translation ‘errors’
- Linguistic imperialism See Deconstruction
- Linguistic mediation service See Non-professional translators and interpreters
- Linguistic minority See Minority languages and translation; Self-translation
- Linguistic structures See Machine translation today
- Linguistic tools See Indigenous peoples and translation
- Linguistic variation See Terminology and translation
- Linguistics and translation (Malmkjær, Vol. 2, 6168); see also CorporaEquivalenceRelevance and translationSociolinguistics and translationTranslationTranslation strategies and tacticsUnit of translation
- Literary criticism See Literary translation; Representation of translators and interpreters; Translation criticism
- Literary journal See Translation criticism
- Literary Studies and Translation Studies (Delabastita, Vol. 1, 196208); see also AdaptationCognitive approachesCorporaDescriptive Translation StudiesEquivalenceFunctionalist approachesGender in translationJournalism and translationPost-colonial literatures and translationReligious translationTranslation Studies
- Literary text See Digital humanities and translation studies; Genetic translation studies; Methodology in Translation Studies; Stylistics and translation
- Literary translation (Delabastita, Vol. 2, 6978); see also AdaptationAgents of translationCensorshipChildren’s literature and translationComics in translationDescriptive Translation StudiesDrama translationEquivalenceGender in translationHermeneutics and translationMultilingualism and translationParatextsPoetry translationPolysystem theory and translationPost-colonial literatures and translationRetranslationSelf-translationSociology of translationStylistics and translationTurns of Translation StudiesVoices in translation
- Literary translator See Status of translators
- Live transmissions See Media interpreting
- Localization and translation (Schäler, Vol. 1, 209214); see also Computer-aided translation
- Logging (software) See Audiovisual translation; Cognitive approaches; Methodology in Translation Studies; Translation process
- Low-proficiency user See Lingua franca
- Loyalty See Poetry translation
M
- Machine translation today (Forcada, Vol. 1, 215223); see also Computer-aided translationContrastive linguistics and Translation StudiesPost-editingTranslation tools
- Malay See Tourism translation
- Manipulation See Cultural approaches; Literary Studies and Translation Studies; Political translation; Translating popular fiction; Voiceover and dubbing
- Manipulation School See Descriptive Translation Studies
- Map (of Translation Studies) See Bibliographies of Translation Studies; Common grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies); Empirical approaches; General translation theory; Translation criticism; Translator studies
- Marketing See Transcreation
- Matches See Computer-aided translation; Machine translation today
- Meaning-making process See Multimodality and audiovisual translation
- Meaning/sense See Alternative labels for “translation”; Anthropology and translation; General translation theory; Interpretive approach; Language philosophy and translation; Linguistics and translation; Poetry translation; Simultaneous interpreting
- Media See Non-professional translators and interpreters
- Media accessibility (Remael, Vol. 3, 95101); see also Audiovisual translationChildren’s literature and translationInterpretingLocalization and translationMedia interpretingSign language interpreting and translatingSubtitlingTranslation StudiesVoiceover and dubbingWeb and translation
- Media interpreting (Pöchhacker, Vol. 1, 224226); see also Audiovisual translationMedia accessibilitySimultaneous interpreting
- Media sources See Corpus-based interpreting studies
- Mediating text See Indirect translation
- Mediation practices See Non-professional translators and interpreters
- Mediation/mediator See Common grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies); Conflict and translation; Healthcare interpreting; Indirect translation; National and cultural images; Non-professional translators and interpreters
- Medical settings See Healthcare interpreting
- Medical translation and interpreting (Montalt, Vol. 2, 7983); see also CompetenceMethodology in Translation StudiesQuality in interpretingScientific translationTechnical translationTerminology and translationTranslation problem
- Memes/supermemes See Interpreting Studies; Translation Studies
- Memorial museum See Museums and translation
- Memorisation See Religious texts and oral tradition
- Mental process See Situated cognition; Translator studies
- Mentoring See Conference interpreting
- Menu See Food and translation
- Meta-ethics See Ethics and translation and for translators
- Metalanguage See Deconstruction; Translation history
- Metaphor See Rhetoric and translation; Voices in translation
- Metaphorical translation See International business and translation
- Metaphors for translation (St. André, Vol. 2, 8487); see also Post-colonial literatures and translationRepresentation of translators and interpretersTransfer and Transfer StudiesTranslation processTranslation Studies
- Metatext See Literary translation
- Methodology in Translation Studies (Flynn & Gambier, Vol. 2, 8896); see also Cognitive approachesCommitted approaches and activismCompetenceCorporaCurriculumEmpirical approachesEthnographic approachesInterdisciplinarity in Translation StudiesInterpreting StudiesJournalism and translationNatural translator and interpreterNetworking and volunteer translatorsParatextsPolitical translationPost-colonial literatures and translationScientific translationSociology of translationTechnical translationThink-aloud protocolTranslation didacticsTranslation historyTranslation processTranslation StudiesTurns of Translation Studies
- Métissage See Hybridity and translation
- Migrants See Non-professional translators and interpreters
- Migration and translation (Polezzi, Vol. 3, 102107); see also Agents of translationCultural translationEthics and translationGlobalization and translationHybridity and translationMultilingualism and translationPost-colonial literatures and translationSelf-translationSociology of translationTravel and translation
- Minority See Literary translation; Minority languages and translation; Non-professional translators and interpreters; Power and translation
- Minority culture See Orality and translation
- Minority languages and translation (Branchadell, Vol. 2, 97101); see also Audiovisual translationLiterary translationMachine translation todayPower and translationTranslation processTranslation StudiesTurns of Translation Studies
- Minority literature See Post-colonial literatures and translation
- Mistranslation See Revision
- Mixed-method approach See Empirical approaches
- Mobility See Migration and translation
- Modality See Interpreting; Sign language interpreting and translating
- Model of cognition See Situated cognition
- Model of the mind/brain See Situated cognition
- Models in Translation Studies (Chesterman, Vol. 3, 108114); see also Agents of translationCommon grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies)Comparative approaches to translationDescriptive Translation StudiesEquivalenceGeneral translation theorySemantic models and translationTranslation problemTranslation processTranslation StudiesTranslation universals
- Modernity/Modernism See Orality and translation
- Modularity See Machine translation today
- Monolingualism See Multilingualism and translation; Self-translation
- Monotheistic religions See Religious texts and oral tradition
- Morality See Ethics and translation and for translators
- Mother tongue See Directionality
- Motivation See Emotions and translation
- Multiculturalism See Hybridity and translation
- Multidirectional translation See Official translation
- Multilateral translation See Translation policy
- Multilingual legislation See Institutional translation
- Multilingual context See International business and translation
- Multilingualism and translation (Meylaerts, Vol. 1, 227230); see also English as a lingua franca and translationTranslation tools
- Multimedia See Audiovisual translation; Conference interpreting; Music and translation; Web and translation
- Multimedia communication See Turns of Translation Studies
- Multimodal text See Alternative labels for “translation”; Museums and translation
- Multimodal/intermodal corpus See Corpus-based interpreting studies
- Multimodality and audiovisual translation (Taylor, Vol. 4, 98104); see also Advertising translationAudiovisual translationMedia accessibilitySubtitlingVoiceover and dubbing
- Multimodality in interpreting (Pöchhacker, Vol. 5, 151157); see also Agents of translationConsecutive interpretingMultimodality and audiovisual translationReception and translationSemiotics and translationSimultaneous interpreting
- Museums and translation (Neather, Vol. 5, 159164); see also Cultural approachesCultural translationEthnographic approachesIntercultural mediationIntersemiotic translationQuality in translation
- Music and translation (Mateo, Vol. 3, 115121); see also AdaptationAudiovisual translationDrama translationFunctionalist approachesInterdisciplinarity in Translation StudiesTranslation strategies and tacticsVoiceover and dubbing
- Musical See Music and translation
- Myths See Anthropology and translation
N
- Narrative strategy See Narratives and contextual frames; Pseudotranslation
- Narratives and contextual frames (Harding, Vol. 4, 105110); see also Children’s literature and translationConflict and translationDiscourse analysisDomestication and foreignizationDrama translationGenres, text-types and translationJournalism and translationLocalization and translationMethodology in Translation StudiesMigration and translationParatextsPower and translationReception and translationReligious translationSociolinguistics and translationSubtitlingTravel and translation
- Narratology See Audio description
- Nation, empire, translation (Valdeón, Vol. 4, 111118); see also EurocentrismGlobalization and translationNational and cultural imagesOrality and translationPost-colonial literatures and translationReligious translationScientific translationTranslation
- Nation-state See Editorial policy and translation; Nation, empire, translation; National and cultural images
- National and cultural images (van Doorslaer, Vol. 3, 122127); see also AdaptationCensorshipChildren’s literature and translationJournalism and translationTransfer and Transfer StudiesTranslation policyTravel and translation
- National canon See World literature and translation
- National identity See Editorial policy and translation; National and cultural images
- National language(s) See Directionality; Multilingualism and translation
- National literature(s) See Impact of translation
- Native language See Conference interpreting
- Native speaker See Directionality
- Native translator See Non-professional translators and interpreters
- Natural science paradigm See Scientificity and theory in Translation Studies
- Natural translation See Bilingualism and translation; Interpreting; Teaching interpreting / Training interpreters
- Natural translator and interpreter (Antonini, Vol. 2, 102104); see also Bilingualism and translationCommunity interpretingInterpreting StudiesNetworking and volunteer translatorsTranslation Studies
- Neologism(s) See Medical translation and interpreting
- Network(ing) See Computer-aided translation; Ethnographic approaches; Globalization and translation; Social media and translation
- Networking and volunteer translators (Folaron, Vol. 1, 231234); see also Computer-aided translation
- Neurolinguistic models See Interpreting Studies; Models in Translation Studies; Simultaneous interpreting
- Neurolinguistics and interpreting (Ahrens, Vol. 2, 105107); see also Cognitive approachesInterpretingSimultaneous interpreting
- Neutrality See Intercultural mediation; Music and translation; Quality in interpreting
- NGOs and translation (Tesseur, Vol. 5, 165169); see also Committed approaches and activismCommunity interpretingLingua francaMachine translation todayNetworking and volunteer translatorsNon-professional translators and interpretersSociology of translation
- Non-literary text See Impact of translation; Stylistics and translation
- Non-person See Status of interpreters
- Non-professional translators and interpreters (Antonini, Vol. 5, 171176); see also Bilingualism and translationCollaborative translationCommunity interpretingConflict and translationGenres, text-types and translationHealthcare interpretingLocalization and translationMedia interpretingNatural translator and interpreterReligious translationSubtitlingTeaching translation / Training translatorsTourism translationVoiceover and dubbingWeb and translation
- Non-translation See Translation policy
- Non-translator See Collaborative translation
- Non-verbal communication See Multimodality in interpreting
- Non-verbal elements See Advertising translation
- Non-Western cultures See Development and translation; Eurocentrism; Orality and translation; Post-colonial literatures and translation
- Norm(s) See Agents of translation; Common grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies); Comparative approaches to translation; Conference interpreting; Corpus-based interpreting studies; Equivalence; Institutional translation; Interpreting Studies; Literary translation; Methodology in Translation Studies; Polysystem theory and translation; Relay translation; Retranslation; Scientificity and theory in Translation Studies; Translation history
- Normative ethics See Ethics and translation and for translators
- Norms of translation (Schäffner, Vol. 1, 235244); see also Functionalist approachesPolysystem theory and translationTranslation Studies
- Note taking See Conference interpreting; Consecutive interpreting; Interpreting Studies
O
- Objectivity/subjectivity See Audio description
- Observation See Empirical approaches; Ergonomics and translation workplaces
- Observational data See Interpreting Studies
- Occupational identity See Status of interpreters
- Official language See Minority languages and translation; Official translation; Relay interpreting
- Official translation (Merkle, Vol. 4, 119122); see also Institutional translationLegal translationMinority languages and translationTranslation policy
- Online bibliographies See Bibliographies of Translation Studies
- Onomatopoeia See Comics in translation
- Open Access See Publishing in Translation Studies
- Open source(s) See Collaborative translation; Computer-aided translation
- Opera See Music and translation
- Oral See Audio description
- Oral translation See Interpreting
- Oral-written interface See Religious texts and oral tradition
- Orality and translation (Bandia, Vol. 2, 108112); see also Anthropology and translationAudiovisual translationChildren’s literature and translationCommunity interpretingConsecutive interpretingDevelopment and translationLiterary Studies and Translation StudiesNation, empire, translationPost-colonial literatures and translationPseudotranslationReligious translationSimultaneous interpretingSociolinguistics and translationTranslation StudiesTurns of Translation Studies
- Organisational setting See Ergonomics and translation workplaces
- Organizational practices See International business and translation
- Original and translation (Laiho, Vol. 4, 123129); see also DeconstructionDomestication and foreignizationEquivalenceEthics and translationLiterary Studies and Translation StudiesPost-colonial literatures and translationPostmodernism
- Original(ity) See Creativity; Literary Studies and Translation Studies; Multilingualism and translation; Original and translation; Philosophy and translation; Relay translation; Retranslation; Rhetoric and translation; Self-translation; Translation history; Translation rights
- Otherness See Anthropology and translation
- Outre-langue See Hybridity and translation
- Overt and covert translation (House, Vol. 1, 245246)
P
- Paradigm See Translating social sciences
- Paradigm shift See Equivalence; Ideology and translation; Metaphors for translation
- Paralinguistic information See Audiovisual translation; Interpreting Studies; Sight translation; Subtitling; Technical translation
- Parallel corpus See Corpus-based interpreting studies
- Paratexts (Tahir Gürçağlar, Vol. 2, 113116); see also Agents of translationNorms of translationPseudotranslationVoices in translation
- Passive language See Lingua franca
- Patronage See Cultural approaches; Institutional translation; Power and translation
- Pedagogy See Curriculum; Teaching interpreting / Training interpreters; Teaching translation / Training translators; Translation didactics
- Peer review See Publishing in Translation Studies
- Pentathlon principle See Music and translation
- Perceptual span See Eye tracking
- Performance translation See Drama translation
- Peripheral language See Editorial policy and translation; Relay translation
- Periphery See Editorial policy and translation
- Personal narratives See Narratives and contextual frames
- Personal traits See Emotions and translation
- Personality (type) See Translation psychology
- Phenomenology See Situated cognition
- Philosophical texts See Popularization and translation
- Philosophy and translation (Arrojo, Vol. 1, 247251); see also DeconstructionLanguage philosophy and translation
- Phraseology See Terminology and translation
- Picture (and text) See Comics in translation
- Piracy See Translation rights
- Pivot language See Indirect translation; Interpreting; Relay interpreting; Relay translation; Subtitling
- Plagiarism See Publishing in Translation Studies
- Plurilingualism See Hybridity and translation
- Poetics of the translator See Comparative approaches to translation
- Poetry translation (Jones, Vol. 2, 117122); see also AdaptationCompetenceStatus of interpretersThink-aloud protocolWordplay in translation
- Political ecology See Ecology of translation
- Political translation (Gagnon, Vol. 1, 252256); see also Community interpretingGender in translationIdeology and translationPost-colonial literatures and translationSelf-translationTranslation strategies and tactics
- Politics of translation See Conflict and translation
- Polylingualism See Post-colonial literatures and translation
- Polysemy See Interpretive approach
- Polysystem theory and translation (Chang, Vol. 1, 257263); see also Sociolinguistics and translationTranslation policy
- Popular literature See Translating popular fiction
- Popularization and translation (Liao, Vol. 4, 130133); see also Genres, text-types and translationMedia accessibilityReception and translationScientific translationTerminology and translation
- Post-editing (O’Brien, Vol. 5, 177183); see also Computer-aided translationMachine translation todayQuality in translationRevisionTeaching translation / Training translatorsTranslation tools
- Post-colonial literatures and translation (Bandia, Vol. 1, 264269); see also Eurocentrism
- Postcolonial Studies See Cultural translation; Development and translation
- Postcolonialism See Eurocentrism; Hybridity and translation; Impact of translation; Power and translation
- Postmodernism (Wang, Vol. 3, 128133); see also Cultural translationDeconstructionEthics and translationGlobalization and translationPhilosophy and translationPost-colonial literatures and translation
- Postmodernity See Postmodernism
- Poststructuralist See Postmodernism
- Power and translation (Strowe, Vol. 4, 134141); see also Agents of translationAnthologies and translationCensorshipCommitted approaches and activismConflict and translationCultural approachesDescriptive Translation StudiesEthics and translationEurocentrismGender in translationGlobalization and translationIdeology and translationImpact of translationMigration and translationNational and cultural imagesNorms of translationPolitical translationPolysystem theory and translationPost-colonial literatures and translationStatus of interpretersStatus of translatorsTranslation policy
- Power relation(s) See Cultural approaches; Hybridity and translation; Ideology and translation; Interpreting; Minority languages and translation; Orality and translation; Philosophy and translation; Political translation; Power and translation; Stylistics and translation; Translation history; Translation policy
- Power structure See Museums and translation
- Prague Structuralism See Literary Studies and Translation Studies
- Pre-/post-editing See Evaluation/Assessment; Machine translation today; Revision
- Predictability See Complexity in translation studies
- Prescriptivism See Equivalence
- Presentational element(s) See Paratexts
- Preventive censorship See Translating popular fiction
- Prima vista See Sight translation
- Prize(s) See Translation policy
- Probability See Risk in translation
- Problem-solving See Cognitive approaches; Translation problem; Translation process; Translation psychology
- Procedure(s) See Translation strategies and tactics
- Process See Translation process
- Process-centered approach See Interpreting Studies; Translation didactics
- Process-oriented See Descriptive Translation Studies; Interpreting Studies; Simultaneous interpreting
- Processing effort See Intralingual translation
- Product-oriented See Descriptive Translation Studies
- Productivity See Post-editing
- Profession-centered approach See Translation didactics
- Professional associations See Community interpreting
- Professional interpreter(s) See Healthcare interpreting; Non-professional translators and interpreters
- Professionalism/Professionalization See Common grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies); Community interpreting; Conference interpreting; Impact of translation; Interpreting Studies; Natural translator and interpreter; Quality in interpreting; Sign language interpreting and translating; Status of interpreters; Translation psychology
- Promotional material See Advertising translation
- Proofreading See Revision
- Proper names See Realia
- Prosody See Interpreting Studies
- Prosopography See Digital humanities and translation studies
- Prototype (theory) See Semantic models and translation
- Pseudotranslation (O’Sullivan, Vol. 2, 123125); see also AdaptationDescriptive Translation StudiesEthics and translationLocalization and translationNorms of translationPolysystem theory and translationRepresentation of translators and interpretersSubtitling
- Psychoanalysis See Gender in translation
- Psycholinguistics See Cognitive approaches; Semantic models and translation; Translation didactics; Translation process
- Psychology See Translation psychology
- Psychometrics See Emotions and translation
- Public domain See Translation policy
- Public health See Food and translation
- Public image See Status of interpreters
- Publish or perish See Publishing in Translation Studies
- Publishing in Translation Studies (Valdeón, Vol. 5, 185190); see also Bibliometrics
- Publishing/publishers See Editorial policy and translation; Institutional translation; Publishing in Translation Studies; Translation history
- Pun(s) See Comics in translation; Wordplay in translation
- Purification See Children’s literature and translation
Q
- Qualifications See Conference interpreting
- Qualitative research See Empirical approaches
- Quality (assurance) See Computer-aided translation; Conference interpreting; Interpreting Studies; Machine translation today; Quality in interpreting; Quality in translation; Revision; Status of translators; Teaching translation / Training translators; Testing and assessment in Translation and Interpreting Studies; Translation criticism; Translation tools
- Quality in interpreting (Kalina, Vol. 3, 134140); see also Evaluation/AssessmentQuality in translationTesting and assessment in Translation and Interpreting Studies
- Quality in translation (Gouadec, Vol. 1, 270275); see also Evaluation/AssessmentQuality in interpreting
- Quantitative research See Empirical approaches
- Queer theory See Gender in translation
- Qur’an See Religious translation
R
- Ranking See Publishing in Translation Studies
- Rapprochement See Author and translator
- Raw translation See Post-editing
- Re-reading See Revision
- Readability See Institutional translation; Subtitling
- Reader See Emotions and translation; Evaluation/Assessment; Poetry translation; Rhetoric and translation; Sociolinguistics and translation; Stylistics and translation
- Readership See Literary translation; Retranslation
- Reading See Eye tracking
- Reading skill See Subtitling
- Realia (Leppihalme, Vol. 2, 126130); see also SubtitlingTranslation problemTranslation strategies and tacticsTranslation Studies
- Realism See Communism and Translation Studies
- Reality See Complexity in translation studies
- Reception and translation (Brems & Ramos Pinto, Vol. 4, 142147); see also AdaptationAudiovisual translationBibliometricsCognitive approachesCultural translationDescriptive Translation StudiesEquivalenceEye trackingGenres, text-types and translationHumor in translationLiterary Studies and Translation StudiesLiterary translationMedia accessibilityMusic and translationNational and cultural imagesNorms of translationPolysystem theory and translationSubtitlingTranslating social sciencesTranslation criticismTranslation psychologyTranslation StudiesVoiceover and dubbing
- Recreative translation See Comparative approaches to translation; Poetry translation
- Redefinition (of TS) See Interdisciplinarity in Translation Studies
- Reduction See Music and translation
- Reductionism See Complexity in translation studies
- Redundancy See Sign language interpreting and translating; Simultaneous interpreting
- Referee See Publishing in Translation Studies
- Reflexive turn See General translation theory
- Reformulating See Interpretive approach
- Register See Discourse analysis; Sociolinguistics and translation; Stylistics and translation
- Regularities See Norms of translation
- Regulated translation See Religious translation
- Regulation See Translation policy
- Relay See Conference interpreting; Voiceover and dubbing
- Relay interpreting (Shlesinger, Vol. 1, 276278); see also Community interpretingRelay translationSign language interpreting and translatingSimultaneous interpreting
- Relay translation (Ringmar, Vol. 3, 141144); see also Relay interpreting
- Relevance and translation (Alves & Gonçalves, Vol. 1, 279284); see also Intercultural mediationInterpretive approachSimultaneous interpretingSubtitling
- Reliability See Testing and assessment in Translation and Interpreting Studies
- Religion See Nation, empire, translation
- Religious texts and oral tradition (Naudé, Vol. 5, 191198); see also Anthologies and translationOrality and translationReligious translation
- Religious translation (Naudé, Vol. 1, 285293); see also Translation strategies and tactics
- Remediation See Translating popular fiction
- Remote interpreting (Moser-Mercer, Vol. 2, 131134); see also Globalization and translationInterpretingInterpreting StudiesMultimodality in interpretingSign language interpreting and translatingSimultaneous conference interpreting and technology
- Repertoire See Literary translation; Polysystem theory and translation
- Repetition See Computer-aided translation; Translation universals
- Replacement See Translation problem
- Reported speech See Voices in translation
- Representamen See Intersemiotic translation
- Representation of translators and interpreters (Kaindl, Vol. 3, 145150); see also PseudotranslationStatus of interpretersStatus of translators
- Representation(s) See Cultural approaches; Ethics and translation and for translators; Museums and translation; National and cultural images; Travel and translation
- Resistance See Committed approaches and activism; Nation, empire, translation; Political translation; Post-colonial literatures and translation; Power and translation
- Response See Evaluation/Assessment
- Retentive translation See Comparative approaches to translation
- Retour See Conference interpreting; Relay interpreting
- Retranslation (Koskinen & Paloposki, Vol. 1, 294298); see also Relay translationSociolinguistics and translationTranslating social sciencesTranslation criticism
- Reuse See Computer-aided translation; Localization and translation
- Reversed subtitles See Subtitles and language learning
- Review See Translation criticism
- Revision (Mossop, Vol. 2, 135139); see also Computer-aided translationGenetic translation studiesJournalism and translationQuality in translationRetranslationTeaching translation / Training translatorsTranslation ‘errors’Translation tools
- Revoicing See Subtitling; Voiceover and dubbing
- Rewording See Translation Studies
- Rewriting See Anthologies and translation; Cultural approaches; Intercultural mediation; Intralingual translation; Relay translation; Visibility (and invisibility)
- Rhetoric and translation (Stecconi, Vol. 3, 151155); see also Applied Translation StudiesStylistics and translationText linguistics and translation
- Rhyme See Poetry translation
- Rhythm See Music and translation
- Risk (- assessment criteria, - avoidance, - in decision-making, - management (strategies), - mitigation, - reduction, - transfer, -taking) See Risk in translation
- Risk in translation (Matsushita, Vol. 5, 199205); see also Machine translation todayPost-editing
- Role (of interpreter) See Community interpreting; Conference interpreting; Court/Legal interpreting; Healthcare interpreting; Interpreting Studies; Interpretive approach; Simultaneous interpreting
- Routine(s) See Translation psychology; Translation strategies and tactics
- Russian See Lingua franca
- Russian Formalism See Literary Studies and Translation Studies; Polysystem theory and translation
S
- Saccades See Eye tracking
- Sacred text(s) See Religious translation
- Sameness See Deconstruction
- Sample See Corpora
- Sanskrit See Religious texts and oral tradition
- Scenes and frames semantics See Semantic models and translation
- Scholars (translation and interpreting -) See Ethnographic approaches; Interpreting Studies; Translation history
- Scholarship(s) See Translation policy
- Science of translating See General translation theory; Scientificity and theory in Translation Studies; Translation Studies
- Scientific translation (Montgomery, Vol. 1, 299305); see also Self-translationTranslation tools
- Scientific productivity See Bibliometrics
- Scientific texts See Popularization and translation
- Scientificity and theory in Translation Studies (Gile, Vol. 4, 148155); see also Functionalist approachesGeneral translation theoryImpact of translation theoryInstitutionalization of Translation StudiesInterpretive approachTranslation universals
- Scientometrics See Bibliometrics
- Script See Audio description
- Second language See Directionality
- Self-censorship See Translating popular fiction
- Self-employed translator See Revision
- Self-organization See Complexity in translation studies
- Self-revision See Revision
- Self-translation (Montini, Vol. 1, 306308); see also Bilingualism and translationHybridity and translationInstitutional translationParatexts
- Semantic chunk See Neurolinguistics and interpreting
- Semantic models and translation (Kussmaul, Vol. 1, 309313); see also Religious translationTechnical translation
- Semiotic modality See Multimodality and audiovisual translation
- Semiotics and translation (Stecconi, Vol. 1, 314319); see also EquivalenceLinguistics and translation
- Settings See Audio description; Audiovisual translation; Community interpreting; Conference interpreting; Interpreting; Interpreting Studies; Media interpreting; Simultaneous interpreting; Turns of Translation Studies
- Shadowing See Interpreting Studies; Neurolinguistics and interpreting
- Shared concepts See Translating social sciences
- Shift(s) See Discourse analysis; Linguistics and translation; Translation strategies and tactics
- Sight loss See Audio description
- Sight translation (Čeňková, Vol. 1, 320323); see also Consecutive interpretingSimultaneous interpretingTeaching interpreting / Training interpretersTranslation strategies and tactics
- Sign(s) See Deconstruction; Linguistics and translation; Semiotics and translation
- Sign language interpreting and translating (Leeson & Vermeerbergen, Vol. 1, 324328); see also Community interpretingConference interpretingMedia accessibilitySimultaneous interpretingTeaching interpreting / Training interpreters
- Sign system See Intersemiotic translation
- Sign-language interpreting See Empathy
- Signed language interpreting See Multimodality in interpreting
- Similarity See Comparative approaches to translation; Intersemiotic translation; Original and translation
- Simplification See Intralingual translation; Lingua franca; Machine translation today; Translation universals
- Simship See Localization and translation
- Simulation See Teaching translation / Training translators; Translation problem
- Simultaneous conference interpreting and technology (Diriker, Vol. 1, 329332); see also Conference interpretingSimultaneous interpreting
- Simultaneous interpreting (Russo, Vol. 1, 333336); see also Consecutive interpretingEye trackingGenres, text-types and translationInterpretingInterpreting StudiesInterpretive approachMedia interpreting
- Simultaneous interpreting with text See Conference interpreting; Sight translation
- Singability See Music and translation
- Situated cognition (Muñoz Martín, Vol. 5, 207212); see also Cognitive approachesComplexity in translation studiesEmotions and translationEmpathyModels in Translation StudiesPost-editingRemote interpretingSemantic models and translationSubtitling
- Situational approach See Translation didactics
- Situationality See Text linguistics and translation
- Skill(s) See Collaborative translation; Competence; Intralingual translation; Status of translators; Testing and assessment in Translation and Interpreting Studies
- Skopos (theory) See Functionalist approaches; General translation theory; Interpretive approach; Medical translation and interpreting; Theory of translatorial action; Translation
- Slogan See Tourism translation
- Social development See Development and translation
- Social media and translation (Desjardins, Vol. 4, 156159); see also Localization and translationMachine translation todayNetworking and volunteer translatorsSelf-translationTranslation toolsWeb and translation
- Social network (analysis) See Bibliometrics; Digital humanities and translation studies; Networking and volunteer translators; Web and translation
- Social practice See Evaluation/Assessment; Sociology of translation
- Social psychology See Translation psychology
- Social systems and translation (Tyulenev, Vol. 4, 160166); see also Agents of translationCultural approachesFunctionalist approachesModels in Translation StudiesPolysystem theory and translationSociology of translationTurns of Translation Studies
- Social turn See Common grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies)
- Socioconstructive approach See Translation didactics
- Sociolect See Sociolinguistics and translation
- Sociolinguistics and translation (Ramos Pinto, Vol. 3, 156162); see also Linguistics and translationSociology of translationText linguistics and translation
- Sociological turn See Ergonomics and translation workplaces
- Sociology See Translating social sciences
- Sociology of interpreting See Common grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies)
- Sociology of translation (Wolf, Vol. 1, 337343); see also Committed approaches and activismCommon grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies)Community interpretingFunctionalist approachesTranslation strategies and tacticsTranslation Studies
- Solution See Translation problem
- Song See Music and translation
- Source content See Audio description
- Source language See World literature and translation
- Spanish See Lingua franca
- Special languages See Terminology and translation
- Specialized knowledge See Popularization and translation; Teaching translation / Training translators; Terminology and translation
- Specialized translation See Genres, text-types and translation; Teaching translation / Training translators
- Speech (voice) recognition See Subtitling; Translation tools
- Speech databases See Simultaneous conference interpreting and technology
- Speech processing See Neurolinguistics and interpreting
- Speech representation See Voices in translation
- Stage performance See Music and translation
- Standardization See Domestication and foreignization; Institutional translation; Media accessibility; Medical translation and interpreting; Translation universals
- Statistical machine translation See Post-editing
- Statistics See Complexity in translation studies
- Status See Computer-aided translation; Conference interpreting; Interpreting; Interpreting Studies; Status of interpreters; Status of translators; Transcreation; Translator studies
- Status of interpreters (Wadensjö, Vol. 2, 140145); see also Community interpretingConsecutive interpretingJournalism and translationRelay interpretingRepresentation of translators and interpretersSign language interpreting and translatingSimultaneous interpreting
- Status of translators (Katan, Vol. 2, 146152); see also Agents of translationCommitted approaches and activismCompetenceInstitutional translationRepresentation of translators and interpreters
- Stereotype See National and cultural images; Orality and translation; Representation of translators and interpreters; Semantic models and translation
- Strategy See Agents of translation; Corpus-based interpreting studies; Natural translator and interpreter; Risk in translation; Teaching translation / Training translators; Translation policy; Translation strategies and tactics
- Structure See Deconstruction
- Style See Creativity; Rhetoric and translation; Scientific translation
- Stylistics and translation (Boase-Beier, Vol. 2, 153156); see also CensorshipMethodology in Translation StudiesPoetry translationRhetoric and translationTranslation Studies
- Subdiscipline See Alternative labels for “translation”
- Subjectivity See Ecology of translation
- Submission See Publishing in Translation Studies
- Subtitles and language learning (Caimi, Vol. 4, 167173); see also Audiovisual translationLanguage learning and translationSubtitling
- Subtitling (Díaz Cintas, Vol. 1, 344349); see also InterpretingMedia accessibilitySubtitles and language learningVoiceover and dubbing
- Subtitling for the Deaf and Hard of Hearing (SDH) See Audiovisual translation; Subtitles and language learning; Subtitling
- Summer schools (for PhD students) See Institutionalization of Translation Studies
- Supermeme(s) See Translation Studies
- Surtitling See Audiovisual translation; Music and translation
- Survey See Empirical approaches; Methodology in Translation Studies
- Swahili See Lingua franca
- Synchrony See Audiovisual translation; Interpreting Studies; Voiceover and dubbing
- Synonymy See Medical translation and interpreting
- System See Polysystem theory and translation; Power and translation; Social systems and translation
- Sūtras See Religious texts and oral tradition
T
- Tacit knowledge See Knowledge management and translation
- Tactics See Translation strategies and tactics
- Tagline See Tourism translation
- Talmud See Religious translation
- Taoist oral tradition See Religious texts and oral tradition
- TAP See Think-aloud protocol
- Target visitors See Museums and translation
- Target-oriented See Descriptive Translation Studies
- Task-based approach See Translation didactics
- Tasks See Conference interpreting; Interpreting Studies; Media interpreting; Technical translation; Voiceover and dubbing; Web and translation
- Teaching interpreting / Training interpreters (Pöchhacker, Vol. 4, 174180); see also Community interpretingCompetenceConference interpretingConsecutive interpretingCourt/Legal interpretingCurriculumInterpretingInterpreting StudiesNatural translator and interpreterRemote interpretingSight translationSign language interpreting and translatingSimultaneous conference interpreting and technologySimultaneous interpretingTeaching translation / Training translators
- Teaching translation / Training translators (Gambier, Vol. 3, 163171); see also Bilingualism and translationCompetenceCurriculumEvaluation/AssessmentInstitutionalization of Translation StudiesLanguage learning and translationQuality in translationTeaching interpreting / Training interpretersTranslation didacticsTranslation ‘errors’Translation problemTranslation strategies and tactics
- Teamwork See Conference interpreting; Teaching translation / Training translators; Translating popular fiction
- Technical translation (Schubert, Vol. 1, 350355); see also AdaptationComputer-aided translationFunctionalist approachesLegal translationOvert and covert translationScientific translationTranslation process
- Technique(s) See Translation strategies and tactics
- Technology See Information, communication, translation
- Tele-interpreting See Remote interpreting
- Telephone interpreting See Community interpreting; Remote interpreting
- Television interpreting See Media interpreting; Sign language interpreting and translating
- Term banks See Computer-aided translation
- Terminological variation See Medical translation and interpreting
- Terminology See NGOs and translation
- Terminology and translation (Cabré, Vol. 1, 356365); see also CorporaKnowledge management and translationText linguistics and translation
- Terminology management system See Computer-aided translation
- Tertium comparationis See Comparative approaches to translation; Contrastive linguistics and Translation Studies; Creativity
- Testing and assessment in Translation and Interpreting Studies (Angelelli, Vol. 3, 172177); see also CompetenceEvaluation/AssessmentQuality in interpretingQuality in translation
- Text (source/target text) See Alternative labels for “translation”; Audiovisual translation; Common grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies); Computer-aided translation; Corpus-based interpreting studies; Emotions and translation; Empathy; Gender in translation; Genetic translation studies; Indirect translation; Lingua franca; Multilingualism and translation; Museums and translation; Retranslation; Scientific translation; Sight translation; Technical translation; Text linguistics and translation; Tourism translation; Translation universals; Turns of Translation Studies
- Text analysis See Discourse analysis
- Text convention(s) See Medical translation and interpreting
- Text functions See Tourism translation
- Text linguistics and translation (House, Vol. 3, 178183); see also Linguistics and translationRhetoric and translationSociolinguistics and translationStylistics and translation
- Text profile See Quality in interpreting
- Text type(s) See Emotions and translation; Evaluation/Assessment; Translation problem
- Text's genesis See Genetic translation studies
- Textual layout See Museums and translation
- Textuality See Hybridity and translation
- Theory (design) See General translation theory
- Theory building See Eurocentrism
- Theory of communicative action See Social systems and translation
- Theory of languages See Translation psychology
- Theory of translatorial action (Schäffner, Vol. 2, 157162); see also Agents of translationCompetenceEthics and translationFunctionalist approachesTranslation didacticsTranslation Studies
- Thick translation See Ethnographic approaches; Translation
- Think-aloud protocol (Jääskeläinen, Vol. 1, 371373); see also Teaching translation / Training translatorsTranslation processTranslation psychologyUnit of translation
- Third space See Hybridity and translation
- Third World See Development and translation
- Tibetan translations See Religious texts and oral tradition
- Title(s) See Comics in translation
- Tools See Translation tools
- Top–down See Comparative approaches to translation; Semantic models and translation
- Total translation See Intersemiotic translation
- Tourism (Studies) See Tourism translation; Travel and translation
- Tourism promotional material See Tourism translation
- Tourism translation (Sulaiman & Wilson, Vol. 5, 213220); see also Advertising translationCommercial translationQuality in translationTravel and translationWeb and translation
- Tourist brochure(s) See Advertising translation; Stylistics and translation
- Trace analysis See Empirical approaches
- Training See Community interpreting; Conference interpreting; Deconstruction; Genres, text-types and translation; Interpreting Studies; Interpretive approach; Medical translation and interpreting; Models in Translation Studies; NGOs and translation; Post-editing; Sight translation; Sign language interpreting and translating; Simultaneous conference interpreting and technology; Simultaneous interpreting; Situated cognition; Status of translators; Stylistics and translation; Terminology and translation
- Traitor See Nation, empire, translation
- Transcoding See Interpreting Studies; Simultaneous interpreting
- Transcreation (Katan, Vol. 5, 221225); see also AdaptationAdvertising translationChildren’s literature and translationCommercial translationFunctionalist approachesLiterary translationLocalization and translationOrality and translationTranslation universals
- Transcription See Multimodality and audiovisual translation; Multimodality in interpreting
- Transcultural interaction See Theory of translatorial action
- Transculturalism See Hybridity and translation
- Transediting See Alternative labels for “translation”; Information, communication, translation; Journalism and translation
- Transfer and Transfer Studies (Göpferich, Vol. 1, 374377); see also Assumed translationDeconstructionDirectionalityFunctionalist approaches
- Transformation See Philosophy and translation; Transfer and Transfer Studies
- Translatability/untranslatability See Advertising translation; Anthropology and translation; Deconstruction; Linguistics and translation; Multilingualism and translation; Translation problem; Wordplay in translation; World literature and translation
- Translating popular fiction (Zanettin, Vol. 5, 227232); see also AdaptationCensorshipComics in translationCultural translationGender in translationGenres, text-types and translationLiterary translationNational and cultural imagesOriginal and translationPopularization and translationPseudotranslationReception and translationWeb and translation
- Translating social sciences (Gambier, Vol. 5, 233239); see also Impact of translationIndirect translationLingua francaRelay translationSelf-translationSociology of translationTerminology and translation
- Translation (Halverson, Vol. 1, 378384); see also Committed approaches and activismCommon grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies)Drama translationEcology of translationEquivalenceFunctionalist approachesLingua francaTranslation Studies
- Translation act See Models in Translation Studies; Relay translation; Translation problem
- Translation agency See Revision
- Translation brief See Evaluation/Assessment; Functionalist approaches; Translation ‘errors’
- Translation centre See Agents of translation
- Translation competence See Author and translator; Natural translator and interpreter
- Translation criticism (Paloposki, Vol. 3, 184190); see also Evaluation/AssessmentModels in Translation StudiesNorms of translationParatextsTranslation ‘errors’
- Translation didactics (Kelly, Vol. 1, 389396); see also Cognitive approachesCurriculumTeaching translation / Training translatorsTranslation process
- Translation effect(s) See Hybridity and translation
- Translation ‘errors’ (Hansen, Vol. 1, 385388); see also Computer-aided translationFunctionalist approachesTechnical translationTranslation criticism
- Translation ethics See Ethics and translation and for translators
- Translation event See Models in Translation Studies
- Translation flow(s) See Communism and Translation Studies
- Translation history (D’hulst, Vol. 1, 397405); see also Functionalist approaches
- Translation memory system See Computer-aided translation; Post-editing; Revision
- Translation method See Linguistics and translation; Translation strategies and tactics; Unit of translation
- Translation policy (Meylaerts, Vol. 2, 163168); see also Agents of translationApplied Translation StudiesCensorshipCommunity interpretingDescriptive Translation StudiesInstitutional translationMultilingualism and translationNorms of translationPolysystem theory and translationPost-colonial literatures and translationSubtitlingTranslation processTranslation strategies and tacticsTranslation StudiesVoiceover and dubbing
- Translation practice See Impact of translation theory
- Translation problem (Toury, Vol. 2, 169174); see also Models in Translation StudiesThink-aloud protocolTranslation processTranslation strategies and tacticsTranslation Studies
- Translation process (Englund Dimitrova, Vol. 1, 406411); see also Cognitive approachesDescriptive Translation StudiesEye trackingMetaphors for translationModels in Translation StudiesThink-aloud protocolTranslation problemTranslation psychologyTranslation strategies and tacticsUnit of translation
- Translation profession See Collaborative translation
- Translation project See Globalization and translation
- Translation proper See Translation Studies
- Translation psychology (Jääskeläinen, Vol. 3, 191197); see also Cognitive approachesNeurolinguistics and interpretingTranslation process
- Translation reflection See Impact of translation theory
- Translation rights (Basalamah, Vol. 3, 198202); see also Agents of translationEditorial policy and translationParatextsRetranslation
- Translation rules See Polysystem theory and translation
- Translation service See NGOs and translation
- Translation strategies and tactics (Gambier, Vol. 1, 412418); see also AdaptationCommunism and Translation StudiesConference interpretingFunctionalist approachesMusic and translationThink-aloud protocolTranslation processTranslation psychology
- Translation Studies See Alternative labels for “translation”; Ecology of translation
- Translation Studies (Munday, Vol. 1, 419428); see also Applied Translation StudiesCognitive approachesCommon grounds in Translation and Interpreting (Studies)Computer-aided translationCorporaDescriptive Translation StudiesEquivalenceFunctionalist approachesInstitutionalization of Translation StudiesInterpreting StudiesLiterary Studies and Translation StudiesTranslation historyTranslation process
- Translation technologies See Audio description; Digital humanities and translation studies
- Translation theory See General translation theory; Models in Translation Studies
- Translation tools (Folaron, Vol. 1, 429436); see also Computer-aided translationCorporaTeaching translation / Training translatorsTechnical translationWeb and translation
- Translation universals (Chesterman, Vol. 2, 175179); see also Contrastive linguistics and Translation StudiesCorporaDescriptive Translation StudiesLinguistics and translationNorms of translationRetranslationStylistics and translationSubtitlingTranslation psychologyTranslation Studies
- Translation working process See Translation strategies and tactics
- Translation zone (Simon, Vol. 4, 181185); see also Globalization and translationHybridity and translationMigration and translationMinority languages and translation
- Translational turn (Bachmann-Medick, Vol. 4, 186193); see also Cultural translationEurocentrismGlobalization and translationInterdisciplinarity in Translation StudiesMigration and translationPost-colonial literatures and translationSelf-translationTransfer and Transfer StudiesTranslationTranslation StudiesTurns of Translation Studies
- Translationese See Translation universals
- Translatology See Translation Studies
- Translator studies (Chesterman, Vol. 5, 241245); see also Agents of translationCognitive approachesCommitted approaches and activismComputer-aided translationCultural approachesDescriptive Translation StudiesEcology of translationEthics and translationGender in translationIdeology and translationQuality in translationRepresentation of translators and interpretersSociology of translationTranslation historyTranslation psychologyTurns of Translation StudiesVisibility (and invisibility)
- Translator See Emotions and translation; Indirect translation; Translation Studies
- Translator's manuscript See Genetic translation studies
- Translatorship See Agents of translation; Author and translator; Institutional translation; Methodology in Translation Studies
- Translatorial competence See Theory of translatorial action
- Transliteration See Orality and translation; Sign language interpreting and translating
- Transmedial production See Translating popular fiction
- Transmission See Religious texts and oral tradition
- Transmutation See Translation Studies
- Transnational language See World literature and translation
- Transportation See Philosophy and translation
- Travel and translation (Cronin, Vol. 4, 194199); see also Agents of translationGlobalization and translationPower and translationTransfer and Transfer StudiesTranslation zone
- Travel literature See Orality and translation; Travel and translation
- Triangulated methodology See Sociolinguistics and translation
- Triangulation See Empathy; Empirical approaches
- True translation See Self-translation
- Turns of Translation Studies, the (Snell-Hornby, Vol. 1, 366370); see also Community interpretingComputer-aided translationDescriptive Translation StudiesFunctionalist approachesGender in translationInterdisciplinarity in Translation StudiesInterpreting StudiesMachine translation todayPost-colonial literatures and translationSociology of translationThink-aloud protocolTranslation Studies
- Types of indirect translation See Intralingual translation
- Types of organisation See NGOs and translation
- Typology of translation (Jakobson) See Intersemiotic translation
U
- Uncertainty risk See Risk in translation
- Understanding See Empathy; Hermeneutics and translation
- UNESCO See Status of translators
- Unique item hypothesis See Translation universals
- Unit of translation (Ballard, Vol. 1, 437440); see also Teaching translation / Training translatorsTranslation strategies and tactics
- Universal(s) See Translation universals
- Untranslatability → See Translatability/untranslatability
- Upanishads See Religious texts and oral tradition
- Usability See Applied Translation Studies
- Usefulness See Applied Translation Studies
- User expectation(s) See Conference interpreting; Interpreting Studies; Quality in interpreting
- User interface See Ergonomics and translation workplaces
- User survey See Quality in interpreting
- Utterance(s) See Language philosophy and translation
V
- Validity See Testing and assessment in Translation and Interpreting Studies
- Variables See Interpreting Studies; Simultaneous interpreting
- Vedas See Religious texts and oral tradition
- Verbal language See Intersemiotic translation
- Verbal reporting See Translation process
- Vernaculars See Editorial policy and translation; Nation, empire, translation; Scientific translation
- Video description See Audio description
- Videoconference See Remote interpreting; Simultaneous conference interpreting and technology
- Viewer See Sociolinguistics and translation
- Virtual community See Collaborative translation
- Virtual learning environment (VLE) See Simultaneous conference interpreting and technology
- Virtual technologies See Ecology of translation
- Virtue ethics See Ethics and translation and for translators
- Visibility (and invisibility) (Emmerich, Vol. 4, 200206); see also Committed approaches and activismDeconstructionDomestication and foreignizationEthics and translationImpact of translation theoryInstitutionalization of Translation StudiesPost-colonial literatures and translationQuality in interpretingTranslation criticism
- Visual attention See Eye tracking; Multimodality in interpreting
- Visual components See Multimodality in interpreting; Museums and translation
- Visually impaired See Media accessibility
- Vocal components See Multimodality in interpreting
- Voice quality See Ethics and translation; Media interpreting
- Voices in translation (Alvstad, Vol. 4, 207210); see also Agents of translationOrality and translationParatextsStylistics and translationTranslation psychologyVisibility (and invisibility)
- Voiceover and dubbing (Díaz Cintas & Orero, Vol. 1, 441445); see also Audiovisual translationMedia accessibilityOvert and covert translationSubtitling
- Volunteer translators/interpreters See Collaborative translation; Committed approaches and activism; Globalization and translation; Natural translator and interpreter; Networking and volunteer translators
W
- Web and translation (Folaron, Vol. 1, 446450); see also Computer-aided translationCorporaInterdisciplinarity in Translation StudiesMachine translation todayNetworking and volunteer translatorsSocial media and translationTranslation tools
- Web science See Web and translation
- Webometrics See Bibliometrics
- Western See Development and translation; Eurocentrism; Post-colonial literatures and translation
- Whispered interpreting See Conference interpreting; Media interpreting
- Wikipedia See Collaborative translation
- Women translators See Gender in translation
- Word list(er) See Corpora
- Wordplay in translation (Vandaele, Vol. 2, 180183); see also Cognitive approachesHumor in translation
- Work process(es) See Technical translation; Translation tools
- Workflow See Computer-aided translation; Machine translation today; Translation tools; Web and translation
- Working language(s) See Conference interpreting; Interpreting; Interpreting Studies; Relay interpreting; Teaching translation / Training translators
- Working memory See Interpreting Studies; Sight translation; Simultaneous interpreting; Think-aloud protocol
- Workplace setting See Ergonomics and translation workplaces
- Workstation See Computer-aided translation; Ergonomics and translation workplaces; Networking and volunteer translators; Translation tools
- World language See Travel and translation
- World literature and translation (Domínguez, Vol. 5, 247253); see also Cultural approachesImpact of translationLiterary Studies and Translation StudiesLiterary translationPolysystem theory and translationPower and translationPseudotranslationSociology of translation
- Writer See Gender in translation; Post-colonial literatures and translation
- Writing See Post-colonial literatures and translation
- Writing skills See Stylistics and translation
- Writing strategies See Genetic translation studies
