Section 1.United in the diversity

European perspective

The European Association for Terminology (EAFT)18

Susanne Lervad

Henrik Nilsson

The role of terminology in the European Federation of National Institutions for Language (EFNIL)25

Sabine Kirchmeier

Terminology planning and language policies across the Romance-speaking area: The activities of REALITER32

Claudio Grimaldi

Section 2.Northern Europe

Nordic added value in terminology planning: The Nordic case42

Marita Kristiansen

Rise and fall — Lessons learnt: The Danish case58

Hanne Erdman Thomsen

Lise Lotte Weilgaard Christensen

Terminology planning from term-smithing to supporting interoperability: The Finnish case76

Anita Nuopponen

A tale of enthusiastic experts and puristic professionals: The Icelandic case94

Ari Páll Kristinsson

From ‘clarity and consistency’ to ‘domain loss’: The Norwegian case112

Johan Myking

Planning terminology for northern minority languages: The Saami case128

Jukka Mettovaara

Sierge Rasmus

From separate to separated: The Swedish case148

Henrik Nilsson

Section 3.Eastern Europe

Consolidating terminology on a single online platform: The Estonian case178

Mari Vaus

Kairi Janson

Learned and unlearned lessons from the history of terminology: The Georgian case201

Lia Karosanidze

Challenges and strategies for a unified approach: The Hungarian case218

Veronika Lipp

Gábor Prószéky

Terminology as cornerstone of language vitality and practical language policy: The Latvian case239

Māris Baltiņš

Arturs Krastiņš

Ieva Kraukle

Normative terminology management, its legal regulation and terminology work: The Lithuanian case256

Albina Auksoriūtė

Dark and bright sides of terminology planning. Can we see daylight? The Polish case279

Ewelina Kwiatek

The need for terminology planning in the digital age: The Romanian case298

Elena Isabelle Tamba

The road to independence: The Slovak case315

Renáta Panocová

Development of national terminology as a component of state-building: History, present, prospects: The Ukrainian case331

Victoria Ivashchenko

Maksym Vakulenko

Section 4.Western Europe

Bottom-up terminology work to complement top-down terminology planning: The Basque case356

Igone Zabala

Izaskun Aldezabal

María Jesús Aranzabe

Sergio Monforte

Efforts and challenges in translating concept to reality: The Dutch case377

Frieda Steurs

Dirk Kinable

Decentralised and expert-driven with a global reach: The English case392

Lynne Bowker

Terminology as the key to language policy: The French case408

John Humbley

Polycentric Galician terminology. Notes on terminology planning: The Galician case430

Iolanda Galanes-Santos

Terminology — From Wüster to AI: The case of Germany and Austria447

Laura Giacomini

Nicole Keller

Klaus-Dirk Schmitz

Navigating legal language: German terminology in Belgium’s federal landscape: The case of German in Belgium465

Sandra Weber

Term planning in a lesser-used EU language: The Irish case481

Úna Bhreathnach

Terminology training in a multilingual setting: The Luxembourgish case497

Caroline Döhmer

Terminology planning in a context of constitutional multilingualism: The Swiss case515

Adrian Wymann

Building on established terminology frameworks in education and government: Methodologies, technologies, and challenges: The Welsh case527

Tegau Andrews

Delyth Prys

Gruffudd Prys

Section 5.Southern Europe

A successful model of terminology planning: The Catalan case548

M. Teresa Cabré

Rosa Estopà

Collaboration as a key to standardized terminology: The Croatian case563

Ana Ostroški Anić

Ivana Brač

Legal comparison for terminology development: The case of German in South Tyrol580

Elena Chiocchetti

Natascia Ralli

Terminology planning in need of recognition: The Greek case601

Maria Koliopoulou

From terminological neology to terminology planning for corporate and professional initiatives: The Italian case616

Maria Teresa Zanola

Rossella Resi

From vernacular to contemporary terminology: The Macedonian case638

Nikolche Mickoski

Terminology development for lesser-used languages in bilingual contexts: The Maltese case653

Sergio Portelli

Shaping terms: The evolution of terminology: The Portuguese case670

Rute Costa

Manuel Célio Conceição

A dynamic and diverse terminological landscape: The Slovenian case686

Mojca Žagar Karer

Mateja Jemec Tomazin

From fragmentation to innovation: Terminology planning in transition: The Spanish case701

Pilar León-Araúz

Pamela Faber

Shaping the future of Serbian terminology: A path to rebirth: The Serbian case722

Jelena Anđelković

Terminology planning from past to present: The Turkish case746

İlknur Eker

Concluding remarks: Dimensions of terminology across Europe763