Article published In: Historiographia Linguistica
Vol. 9:3 (1982) ► pp.421–429
19th-Century Italian
Manzonian or Deamicisian?
Published online: 1 January 1982
https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.9.3.09hal
https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.9.3.09hal
Summary
The novelist Edmondo de Amicis (1846–1908) was an important figure in the discussions of standard literary Italian at the end of the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries. In his influential book L’idioma gentile (1905), he advocated a compromise between two extreme positions, pro- and anti-Tuscan, towards the Questione della lingua or language-problem, which had been a subject of debate for over four hundred years. While supporting the claims of Tuscan usage to be regarded as a model, de Amicis rejected the doctrine favored by his fellow-novelist Alessandro Manzoni (the ‘soluzione manzoniana’) that the spoken language of the Florentine upper classes should be the only standard. Especially with regard to the value of dialects, de Amicis took a more liberal position than the extreme pro-Florentine purists of the 19th century. De Amicis exerted a strong influence, especially through the schools (where his works were widely read), and the actual solution to the problem of standard Italian after 1870 deserves to be called ‘deAmicisian’ rather than ‘Manzonian’.
Résumé
Le romancier Edmondo de Amicis (1846–1908) joua un rôle important dans les discussions sur la langue littéraire italienne à la fin du XIXe siècle et au commencement du XXe siècle. Dans son livre fondamental L’idioma gentile (1904), il suggéra un compromis entre les deux positions extrêmes, pour et contre le toscan, dans les débats sur la ‘question de la langue’, qui avaient duré quatre cents ans. Tout en appuyant la doctrine de la suprématie du toscan comme base de la langue littéraire, de Amicis rejeta la doctrine du romancier Alessandro Manzoni (la ‘soluzione manzoniana’), selon laquelle seulement la langue parée à Florence par les classes supérieures avait le droit d’être considérée come modèle. Surtout en ce qui concernait la valeur des dialectes, la position de de Amicis était plus libérale que celle des puristes pro-florentins du XIXe siècle. L’influence de de Amicis, surtout dans les écoles (où ses livres étaient très populaires), fut grande, et la solution effective du problème de l’italien littéraire après 1870 mérite d’être appelée ‘deamicisienne’ plutôt que ‘manzonienne’.
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Cited by (3)
Cited by three other publications
Hall, Robert A.
1986. Review of Freddi (1983): L’Italia plurilingue. Language Problems and Language Planning 10:3 ► pp. 300 ff.
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