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Article published In: Historiographia Linguistica
Vol. 40:3 (2013) ► pp.331–376

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John Bulwer (1606–1656) and Some British and French Contemporaries

 | Texas A&M University
Published online: 3 September 2013
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https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.40.3.02wol
Summary
John Bulwer’s (1606–1656) work was unknown in 17th–18th century France. In 1827, when Joseph-Marie Degérando (1772–1842) became curious about the relation between the methods respectively of Bulwer and John Wallis (1616–1703), the pioneer oral instructor of the deaf in Britain, he had to query Charles Orpen, M. D. (1791–1856) in Dublin because no copy of Bulwer’s Philocophus (1648) could be found in Paris. In fact, Theodore Haak (1605–1690) had sent a copy of this book from London to Père Marin Mersenne (1588–1648) in Paris in July 1648, but none of Mersenne’s circle could read English, and Mersenne died several weeks later. In that context, this paper presents a comparison of Bulwer’s views with those of the Cartesians and Port-Royalists. Wallis claimed he knew of no work on speech for the deaf prior to his own, but he must have known about the Philocophus from the time of its publication, five years before his De Loquela (1653) and nearly 14 years before he began teaching the deaf.
Résumé
L’oeuvre de John Bulwer (1606–1656) était inconnue dans la France des XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles. En 1827, quand Joseph-Marie Degérando (1772–1842) s’intéressa à la relation entre les méthodes respectives de Bulwer et de John Wallis (1613–1703), le pionnier de l’éducation des sourds en Grande-Bretagne, il dut s’adresser au médecin Charles Orpen (1791–1856) à Dublin, parce qu’aucun exemplaire du Philocophus (1648) ne pouvait être trouvé à Paris. En fait, Theodore Haak (1605–1690) avait envoyé un exemplaire de ce livre, depuis Londres, au père Marin Mersenne (1588–1648) à Paris, en Juillet 1648, mais personne dans le cercle de Mersenne ne pouvait lire l’anglais, et Mersenne mourut quelques semaines plus tard. Dans ce contexte, cet article présente une comparaison entre les vues de Bulwer et celles des Cartésiens et des Port-Royalistes. Wallis prétendit qu’il n’avait connaissance d’aucun ouvrage sur le langage pour les sourds avant le sien, mais il a dû avoir connaissance du Philocophus, lors de sa publication, cinq ans avant son De Loquela (1653) et près de 14 années avant qu’il n’ait commencé d’enseigner aux sourds.
Zusammenfassung
Im Frankreich des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts war John Bulwers (1606–1656) Werk unbekannt. Als Joseph-Marie Degérando (1772–1842) sich für die Beziehungen der Methoden von Bulwer zu John Wallis (1616–1703), dem Vorkämpfer einer Unterweisung von Gehörlosen, zu interessieren begann, mußte er Dr. med. Charles Orpen (1791–1856) aus Dublin kontaktieren, war doch in Paris kein Exemplar von Bulwers Philosophus (1648) zu finden. Theodore Haak (1605–1690) hatte zwar im Juli 1648 dem Pater Marin Mersenne (1588–1648) ein Exemplar von London aus geschickt, aber in Mersennes Bekanntenkreis konnte niemand Englisch lesen, und Mersenne starb einige Wochen später. Der vorliegende Beitrag bietet einen Vergleich zwischen Bulwers Ansichten und denen der Cartesianer und den Anhängern von Port-Royal. Wallis hatte zwar erklärt, keinerlei Kenntnisse von einem Werk über die Sprache der Gehörlosen gehabt zu haben, welches vor dem seinen publiziert worden war, aber ihm dürfte wohl der Philocopus zu Gesicht gekommen sein, der fünf Jahre vor seiner De Loquela (1653) erschienen war, also beinahe 14 Jahre bevor er seinen Unterricht für die Gehörlosen begann.
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Hryszko, Barbara
2025. Scena zarazy czy obraz miłosierdzia Tobiasza? Z badań ikonograficznych nad twórczością Alexandre’a Ubeleskiego. Biuletyn Historii Sztuki 87:1 ► pp. 67 ff. DOI logo
Laqua, Anna
2016. Die Vollkommenheit der Schauspieler und Gehörlosen. Paragrana 25:1 ► pp. 154 ff. DOI logo
[no author supplied]
2014. Current Bibliography of the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences, 2014. Isis 105:S1 ► pp. i ff. DOI logo

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