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Article published In: Historiographia Linguistica
Vol. 35:3 (2008) ► pp.385–416

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The “Scientific Linguist” Goes to War

The United States A.S.T. Program in Foreign Languages

 | Marquette University
Published online: 15 August 2008
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https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.35.3.05vel
Summary
During World War II there arose in the United States an urgent need for intensive foreign language instruction that emphasized the spoken language. Beginning in April, 1943, the U. S. Army Specialized Training Program (ASTP) established approximately 500 intensive speaking courses in over 30 languages in fifty-five United States universities. After a single year, the program was suddenly abandoned, owing to combat personnel needs. The present study proposes to describe the sources, implementation, content, materials development, and methods of the ASTP in foreign languages. The study analyzes the ASTP Spanish language materials, explores the attempts at assessing the speaking proficiency of trainees of the program, and evaluates the program’s contributions to subsequent pedagogical approaches and assessment in the United States.
Résumé
Pendant la deuxième guerre mondiale, un besoin urgent d’un enseignement intense des langues étrangères est apparu aux États-Unis. Le ‘programme de formation spécialisée de l’armée américaine’ (Army Specialized Training Program) a créé, à partir d’avril 1943, 500 cours intensifs de langue parlée dans plus de 30 langues et cela dans 55 universités américaines. Juste une année plus tard, ce programme a été brusquement abandonné, en raison de besoins en personnel de combat. Nous nous proposons, dans cette étude, de décrire les sources, la mise en place, le contenu, l’acquisition de matériel ainsi que les méthodes employés par le ‘ASTP’ dans les langues étrangères. Cette étude analyse le matériel concernant l’espagnol, explore les tentatives d’évaluation de la compétence orale de ceux qui suivirent le programme et évalue la contribution de ce programme aux approches pédagogiques et aux évaluations ultérieures aux Etats-Unis.
Zusammenfassung
Während des Zweiten Weltkrieges wurde in den Vereinigten Staaten ein intensiver Fremdsprachenunterricht mit dem Schwerpunkt auf der gesprochenen Sprache dringend nötig. Ab April 1943 wurde mit der Einrichtung eines Sondertrainingsprogramms der US-Armee (Army Specialized Training Program oder ASTP) an mehr als 55 Universitäten begonnen. Das Programm umfasste ungefähr 500 intensive Sprachkurse in mehr als 30 Fremdsprachen, aber nach einem einzigen Jahr wurde das Programm angesichts des Bedarfs an Kriegspersonal plötzlich eingestellt. Die vorliegende Studie beschreibt die Quellen, die Durchführung, den Inhalt und die Unterrichtsunterlagen und -methoden des ASTP. Sie analysiert die Unterrichtsmaterialien für die spanischen Kurse wie auch die Versuche, die Sprachfähigkeiten der Teilnehmer des Programs zu bewerten. Schließlich untersucht sie die Beiträge des Programms zu späteren pädagogischen Ansätzen und Bewertungsmethoden in den U.S.A.
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Cited by (9)

Cited by nine other publications

Siskin, H. Jay
2025. Americans, Awake to Language Needs! Language and Area Studies During World War II. In The History of Language Teaching from The Spanish-American War Until the Sputnik Moment, ► pp. 207 ff. DOI logo
Léon, Jacqueline
2021. The War Effort, the Technologisation of Linguistics and the Emergence of Applied Linguistics. In Automating Linguistics [History of Computing, ], ► pp. 21 ff. DOI logo
Laviosa, Sara
2018. Language learning. In A History of Modern Translation Knowledge [Benjamins Translation Library, 142], ► pp. 409 ff. DOI logo
Fulcher, Glenn
2016. Criteria for Evaluating Language Quality. In Language Testing and Assessment, ► pp. 1 ff. DOI logo
Fulcher, Glenn
2017. Criteria for Evaluating Language Quality. In Language Testing and Assessment, ► pp. 179 ff. DOI logo
Barnhart, Cynthia A.
2013. A little-known aspect of Leonard Bloomfield’s linguistics. Historiographia Linguistica 40:3 ► pp. 433 ff. DOI logo
Malone, Margaret E. & Rachel Lunde Brooks
2012. Language Testing in the Government and Military. In The Encyclopedia of Applied Linguistics, DOI logo
[no author supplied]
2013. Current Bibliography of the History of Science and Its Cultural Influences, 2013. Isis 104:S1 ► pp. i ff. DOI logo
[no author supplied]
2017. Anhang. In Area Studies Revisited, ► pp. 503 ff. DOI logo

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 10 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.

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