Article published In: Historiographia Linguistica
Vol. 3:3 (1976) ► pp.293–314
Samuel Greene
The First Transformationalist?
Published online: 1 January 1976
https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.3.3.03per
https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.3.3.03per
Summary
In his studies of the structure of the English language, Samuel Green, a 19th-century grammarian and educator, made extensive use of paraphrase as a descriptive device. This paper argues that in doing so, Greene anticipated some of the methods and concepts of early transformational theory — and even some of the transformations themselves. It first presents a short history of the concept “transformation”, then discusses the transformations in four of Greene’s works. Greene’s use of transformations follows plausibly from his view of language, as is shown by excerpts from the prefaces to his books. Greene’s status as a transformationalist is then reconsidered with reference to the characteristics of transformations as inferred in the early part of this paper. Comparisons with other 19th- and early 20th-century grammarians demonstrate that Greene was unusual in his concern for underlying meaning and in his use of process in linguistic description.
Résumé
Dans ses études sur la structure de la langue anglaise, Samuel Greene, un grammairien et pédagogue du XIXe siècle, fit un emploi intensif de la paraphrase en tant que moyen descriptif. Cet article montre que Greene, en agissant de cette façon, annonçait quelques-uns des concepts et des méthodes des débuts de la théorie transformationnelle — et même quelques-unes des transformations elles-mêmes. Il donne d’abord un aperçu de l’évolution du concept de ‘transformation’, examine ensuite les transformations telles qu’elles apparaissent dans quatre ouvrages de Greene. L’utilisation que Greene fait des transformations découle logiquement de ses idées sur le langage, comme le démontrent des extraits des préfaces de ses livres. L’appartenance de Greene à la famille des transformationalistes est alors revue à la lumière des caractéristiques des transformations, telles qu’analysées au début de cet article. La comparaison avec les autres grammairiens du XIXe et du XXe siècle établit la position originale de Greene dans son utilisation de la notion de signification implicite et des procédures de description linguistique.
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