Article published In: Historiographia Linguistica
Vol. 18:2/3 (1991) ► pp.281–299
Richard Johnson
A case of 18th-century pragmatics
Published online: 1 January 1991
https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.18.2-3.03bil
https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.18.2-3.03bil
Summary
The grammarians of 16th, 17th, and 18th century England were, in the main, conservative, but the elements of continuity and change characteristic of these times make for a strange blend of uniformity and variety in the grammars they produced. Of all the grammatical categories, the treatment of mood is most hesitant, variable, and problematic. Building on this confusion, and taking a cue from the modern discussion of mood which lends itself to pragmatic analysis, the paper asks about pragmatics in the treatment of mood in earlier periods. In this it is claimed that although numerous hints and inklings provide evidence of some pragmatic tendencies, only one grammarian, Richard Johnson, in the Grammatical Commentaries of 1706, comes close to an explicit rendering of moods akin to speech acts and based on language use. His theory of moods is presented and analyzed; it is seen to formulate theoretical, pragmatic principles for moods and, furthermore, to apply such principles in the detailed analysis of specific moods. Johnson emerges as unique in his time for his treatment of moods, but obviously still limited by its conceptual frameworks.
Résumé
Les grammairiens des XVIe, XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles en Angleterre, étaient, pour la plupart, conservateurs, mais les éléments de continuité et de changement, caractéristiques de cette époque sont reflétés dans un étrange mélange d’uniformité et de variété dans les grammaires qu’ils ont produites. De toutes les catégories grammaticales, celle qui traite des modes grammaticaux est la plus hésitante, variable et problématique. Se basant sur cette confusion et partant de la discussion moderne sur les modes grammaticaux, l’auteur de l’article entreprend une analyse grammaticale pragmatique de la façon dont les grammairiens ont conçu les modes grammaticaux. En dépit de plusieurs indices et idées susceptibles de témoigner de certaines tendences pragmatiques, seule l’œuvre d’un grammairien, Richard Johnson, dans ses Grammatical Commentaries datant de 1706, est proche d’un référence explicite à des modes grammaticaux resemblant à des actes de langage qui se basent sur l’emploi d’une telle conception. Sa théorie sur les modes grammaticaux sera ici explorée et analysée; elle se révèle unique de son temps, quoique encore assez limitée dans ses cadres conceptuels.
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