Article published In: Historiographia Linguistica
Vol. 17:1/2 (1990) ► pp.129–144
Franz Boas, Edward Sapir, and the Americanist text tradition
Published online: 1 January 1990
https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.17.1-2.11dar
https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.17.1-2.11dar
Summary
The collection of native texts was foundational to the practice of Boasian anthropology and linguistics because it preserved for posterity the understanding of a culture by its members – not just the ethnographic facts but their integration into the lives of particular individuals. Edward Sapir went far beyond his mentor Franz Boas, however, in exploring the connection between text collections from which grammatical and ethnological information could be extracted and the integration of cultural information by the individual narrator of a given text. Revision of the text tradition, then, provides a link between Sapir’s conventionally Boasian early career in linguistics and ethnology and his later theoretical work on the interrelationship between language, personality and culture. Because linguistic and cultural theory are presently considered very far apart, this continuity in Sapir’s thinking has-been eclipsed in professional memory.
Résumé
La collection des textes indigènes était fondamentale pour la pratique de la linguistique et de l’anthropologie boasiennes parce qu’elle conservait pour la postérité la compréhension de la culture de ses membres – pas seulement les faits ethnographiques, mais également leur intégration dans la vie des individus particuliers. Edward Sapir (1884–1939) allait plus loin que son mentor Franz Boas (1858–1942); il explorait la rapport entre la collection des textes desquels on pourrait extraire de l’information grammaticale et ethnologique et l’intégration de l’information culturelle du narrateur individuel d’un texte donné. La révision de cette tradition textuelle nous fournit un lien entre la carrière boasienne du jeune Sapir en linguistique et ethnologie et son travail ultérieur sur le rapport corrélatif entre langage, personnalité et culture. Comme la théorie linguistique et la théorie culturelle sont actuellement considérées comme très éloignées l’une de l’autre, cette continuité dans la pensée sapirienne a largement disparue de la mémoire professionnelle.
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