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Article published In: Historiographia Linguistica
Vol. 12:3 (1985) ► pp.389–407

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A Century of Research in Franco-Provençal and Poitevin

Eastern Vs. Western Gallo-Romance

 | University of California, Berkeley
Published online: 1 January 1985
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https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.12.3.05kli
Summary
Within the Gallo-Romance domain, Franco-Provençal and its western correlate Poitevin have been variously labeled ‘independent languages’, ‘dialects of French’, or ‘dialects of oc’. At least one attempt has been made to link these two lateral entities against both the north and the south. A historical survey of these conflicting claims encompasses non-partisan methodologies such as dialect geography and linguistic atlases as well as theoretical developments affecting Romance studies during the last one hundred years. Late 19th century research had not yet resolved antinomies between speech and script or between dialect study and historical grammar. Recent research into time and direction of Romanization, significantly clarifying the bi-(or tri-)partitioning of Gaul, has complemented increasingly sophisticated work in all these fields. Yet frequent overemphasis on segmentation, coupled with a failure to distinguish shared linguistic fate from ‘language’ in its general Romance acception, cannot be allowed to obscure the fact that both FP and Poitevin belong to Gallo-Romance; the successful investigation of either must continue to mesh grammar, lexis, scripta, and geohistory.
Résumé
Le franco-provençal et son analogue atlantique, le poitevin, se sont vus appliquer les étiquettes ‘langue indépendante’, ‘dialecte d’oïl’, ou ‘dialecte d’oc’. On a même voulu relier ces deux aires latérales par rapport aux grandes langues du nord et du sud. L’étude de ces contradictions permet de faire un bilan chronologique des développements méthodologiques (tels que les atlas et la linguistique géographiques) et des théories avancées dans les études romanes. Les recherches du siècle dernier ne distinguaient pas encore la langue parlée de la langue écrite, ou la dialectologie de la grammaire historique. Tout en complétant les résultats réalisés depuis un siècle dans tous ces domaines, des travaux récents concernant les étapes chronologiques et géographiques de la romanisation ont beaucoup éclairci la bi- (ou tri-)partition de la Gaule et ses répercussions linguistiques. La place du franco-provençal et du poitevin au sein du domaine gallo-roman ne doit être obscurcie ni par une tendance trop marquée à la segmentation, ni par la difficulté de distinguer entre ‘sort commun linguistique’ et ‘langue’ proprement dite. Pour réussir, l’investigation de ces deux entités doit tenir compte du lexique, de la grammaire, de la scripta, et de la géohistoire.
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Klippi, Carita
2014. Disciplinarisation et outillage de l’espace linguistique en France, 1875-1925. In Penser l’histoire des savoirs linguistiques, ► pp. 381 ff. DOI logo

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