Article published In: Historiographia Linguistica
Vol. 48:2/3 (2021) ► pp.302–315
Otto Jespersen, one more broken leg in the historical stool of generative linguistics
Published online: 19 April 2022
https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.00089.lor
https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.00089.lor
Summary
Over the years, Noam Chomsky has constructed a historiographic narrative according to which Generative Grammar is the outcome of a mix comprising the early awareness of creativity by Galileo, the Cartesians, and Humboldt, the formalization of recursive functions by computational theorists, and an incipient internalist ‘language’ concept notably foreshadowed by Otto Jespersen. This paper tries to show that the latter ingredient is to be removed from the historical recipe for Chomskyan linguistics. More specifically, the paper claims that the almost ritual repetition of the name of the Danish linguist belongs to a component of the generativist rhetoric that is ‘non-rational’. Such a component is part and parcel of most ground-breaking theories.
Résumé
Au fil du temps, Noam Chomsky a élaboré un récit historiographique selon lequel la Grammaire Générative résulte d’une combinaison d’idées comprenant la conscience précoce d’une créativité du langage chez Galilée, les Cartésiens et Humboldt, la formalisation des fonctions récursives chez des théoriciens de l’automatisation, et les prémices d’une conception internaliste du langage, anticipée notamment par Otto Jespersen. Dans cet article, nous essayons de montrer que ce dernier ingrédient ne doit pas faire partie de la recette historique qui sert à composer la linguistique chomskyenne. Plus précisément, nous arguons que la répétition presque rituelle du nom du linguiste danois appartient à un composant de la rhétorique générative qui est ‘non-rationnel’. Ce genre de composant est inhérent à la plupart des théories innovantes.
Zusammenfassung
Im Laufe der Zeit hat Noam Chomsky ein historiographisches Narrativ geschaffen, dem zufolge die Generative Grammatik aus einer Mischung von Ideen hervorgegangen ist, zu denen insbesondere das frühe Bewusstsein von Kreativität bei Galilei, den Cartesianern und Humboldt, die Formalisierung rekursiver Funktionen durch Computertheoretiker und ein bereits von Otto Jespersen vorweggenommenes internalistisches ‘Sprach’-Konzept gehören. Dieser Artikel versucht zu erklären, weshalb der letztgenannte Bestandteil aus dem historischen Rezept der Chomskyschen Linguistik entfernt werden sollte. Genauer gesagt stellt der Artikel die These auf, dass die nahezu rituelle Erwähnung des dänischen Linguisten einen Teil der generativen Rhetorik darstellt, der ‘nicht-rational’ ist. Ein solcher nicht-rationaler Teil dürfte allerdings ein fester Bestandteil vieler bahnbrechender Theorien sein.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.On Jespersen’s psychologism
- 3.Why Jespersen?
- 4.Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- Notes
References
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