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Article published In: Historiographia Linguistica
Vol. 46:1/2 (2019) ► pp.48–87

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Spotlights on the notion of lexical motivation across languages in the Western linguistic tradition, from the 16th century to the present

 | University of Tübingen
Published online: 2 September 2019
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https://doi.org/10.1075/hl.00038.urb
Summary
This article shows that an interest in differences and similarities in patterns of lexical motivation across languages has a long, if discontinuous, history in Western linguistic thought. The aim of the article is to trace this history by presenting examples that highlight the enduring fascination of authors from very different traditions with recurrent patterns of lexico-semantic associations. It also discusses the significance attributed to these patterns, which ranges from their practical value in etymological research to proving the psychic unity of mankind.
Résumé
Cet article montre que l’attention portée aux différences et aux similitudes entre les langues, concernant les patrons de motivation lexicale, a une longue histoire, bien que discontinue, dans la pensée linguistique occidentale. En essayant de retracer cette histoire de manière exemplaire, l’article souligne, entre autre, la fascination continue des auteurs de traditions très différentes envers les patrons récurrents d’associations lexico-sémantiques. Par ailleurs, l’article discute la signification qui a été attribuée à ces associations et qui va de la recherche étymologique à la preuve de l’unité psychique de l’humanité.
Zusammenfassung
Dieser Artikel zeigt, dass ein Augenmerk auf Unterschiede und Ähnlichkeiten zwischen Sprachen bei Mustern lexikalischer Motivation eine lange, wenn auch unstete, Geschichte im westlichen sprachwissenschaftlichen Denken hat. Der Artikel versucht, diese Geschichte anhand von Beispielen nachzuvollziehen und betont dabei die Faszination von Autoren aus ganz verschiedenen Traditionen für rekurrente Muster lexikalisch-semantischer Assoziationen. Diesen wurden verschiedene Bedeutungen beigemessen, die von einer praktischen Nützlichkeit in der etymologischen Forschung zum Beweis für die geistige Einheit der Menschheit reichen.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.The 16th and 17th century: Sanctius, Comenius, Vico
  • 3.The early 19th century: Wilhelm von Humboldt’s elephant and the notion of ‘innere Sprachform’
  • 4.The late 19th century: Humboldt’s aftermath in Völkerpsychologie and its critics: Pott, Wundt, Marty
  • 5.The early 20th century: The Benennungsgründe of onomasiology in a comparative perspective (Tappolet, Schröpfer) and the structuralist tradition (Saussure, Ullmann and others)
  • 6.More isolated authors and developments in the 19th and 20th centuries
    • 6.1Introduction
    • 6.2Sebastian Zehetmayr
    • 6.3Edward Sapir
    • 6.4Wilhelm Eilers
    • 6.5Lexical motivation in anthropological linguistics: Cecil H. Brown and Stanley R. Witkowski
    • 6.6Hansjakob Seiler and the ‘descriptive’ vs. ‘labeling’ dichotomy
  • 7.The early 21st century: Current developments in linguistic typology
  • 8.Conclusion
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • References
References (116)
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Marzo, Daniela
2025. 11 Motivation, compositionality, idiomatization. In Word-Formation - Semantics and Pragmatics, ► pp. 1 ff. DOI logo

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