Index

doi:10.1075/hcp.81.index

In:Thinking and Speaking About Time: A cognitive linguistic approach
Edited by Rita Brdar-Szabó and Mario Brdar
[Human Cognitive Processing 81] 2026
► pp. 469–473

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Index

Published online: 27 January 2026

https://doi.org/10.1075/hcp.81.index

A

abessive 220, 450

ablative 220, 450

abstract meaning 191–192, 194, 364

abstract motion273

accomplishment 8, 282, 295, 298–300, 409

accusative

achievement 282, 298–300, 409

activity 40, 44, 45, 89, 97, 124–126, 130, 137, 177–178, 194, 213, 265, 300, 327, 329, 337, 371, 408, 410–415, 418

acuity 77, 351, 355, 357, 360, 362, 364–365, 368–370, 372, 376–377, 380–382

adessive 199, 209, 450, 45–454, 456

adjectival participle 74, 326, 324, 334, 342–345

adverbial 11, 115, 199, 207–208, 210, 212–213, 215, 224–226, 229, 232–234, 240–241, 243, 249, 294, 365, 371, 377, 408–410, 413, 435, 442, 446–448, 450, 453–454, 456–457, 463

adverbial participle 9, 326, 334, 343, 345–346, 348

agriculture 16, 27–28

allative 207, 212–213, 220, 419

Amazonian cultures 5, 114, 143

analogizing281

anaphora 81, 95

anchor 92–93, 95–97, 107, 132–133, 215, 365, 371, 387, 397, 422, 433, 436, 438–439, 443

Anthropocene 3, 31–32

anthropology 22, 24, 114

Araneum corpora 224–226, 228

aspect 8–10, 226, 228, 232, 244, 247, 280–281, 296, 334, 341, 343, 353, 384, 386, 390, 392, 394–397, 400, 446

aspect, grammatical 280–281, 397

aspect, lexical 281, 285, 341

aspectualizer 285–187, 290, 295

associative thinking281

Australian Aboriginal languages 4, 102, 106

B

backgrounding 11, 76, 326, 400, 402, 411–413, 417–418

Benjamin, Walter 21, 24, 33

blending 90, 131, 158, 167–170 ; see also conceptual integration

body-based counting systems132

C

calendric 122, 130, 132, 205, 212, 213–216

capital for government metonymy 8–9, 308–311, 313–320, 322

cancelation 293, 295, 300

case 199–202, 208–210, 212–213, 216, 218

clausal core 352, 364, 433

cluster analysis 176–177, 182, 185, 187–188, 190, 194

coercion298

co-evalness 16, 24–26, 30

Cognitive Grammar 3, 10, 39–40, 43–45, 48–50, 52–55, 59, 64, 66, 71, 78, 81, 84–85, 89, 92, 94–98, 151, 161, 178, 353, 360, 382, 386, 389–391, 395, 397, 400

cognitive model 7, 157, 223–224, 230, 232, 244, 247, 249, 281

colexification 4, 102–109, 113

collocation 7, 223–225, 228–232, 249, 266, 392, 395, 422

colonialism 16, 31

comparison 45–47, 52, 63–64, 71, 91, 118

comparison chain 3, 39, 45–46, 63–64, 71, 91

compound 42, 351, 353, 356–360, 365–368, 372–374, 378–382

conceived time 9, 44, 68–69, 326–330, 333, 340, 343, 348

conceptual distance 295, 351, 355, 358, 362, 364–366, 369–372, 377, 379–381, 388

conceptual frame 24, 281

conceptual integration 52, 97, 158, 168–169 ; see also blending

conceptual metaphorsee metaphor

conceptual metonymysee metonymy

conceptualization 1–2, 5, 8, 12–13, 143, 150–155, 157–161, 165–168, 172–173, 177, 179, 191, 197, 199, 232, 245, 249, 266, 270, 279, 309, 310, 312–314, 331, 353–354, 356, 365, 378, 381, 432, 434

connections 40–41, 47, 51, 58, 60, 64, 91, 97

construction 6–12, 40, 48–49 52, 54, 72

contact schema 162–164, 168

contextualization 421, 433–434, 436, 438–439

contingency 389, 394, 397

contrast 8, 11, 280, 283, 288, 290, 297

control cycle 10, 351–353, 357–358, 366, 368, 370–371, 373–375, 378–382

corpus 7, 9–12, 199, 205, 220, 223–226, 228–229, 232–235, 240, 244, 246, 249–250, 258–259, 270, 282, 284–290, 311, 315–320, 351–353, 356, 359–360, 362, 380–382, 403–404, 409–410, 413, 416, 418, 421, 427, 431, 436, 439, 442, 445, 448, 450

corpus analysis 351, 448

corpus data 223, 224, 240, 250, 258, 270, 351, 353, 356, 359, 380–381, 431, 436, 445, 448, 450

correspondence analysis 451, 456–459

cross-linguistic perspective 7, 8, 258

cultural areal 5, 117, 143

cultural model of time274

cyclic time 7, 223, 231–232, 240, 250

cyclicity 7, 223, 308

D

Darwin, Charles 16, 18–19, 21–23, 26

default interpretation292

degree of backgrounding326

degree of dynamism 334, 337, 342, 346, 348

deictic 4, 6, 7, 10–11, 56, 67, 89, 102–103, 105–106, 115, 126, 139, 179, 181, 198, 200, 211, 217–218, 223–334, 230–232, 247, 249, 280, 330, 384–385, 402, 408, 421–423, 426–427, 434–436, 438–440, 442–445, 447, 451–452, 456, 458–464

deictic projection 11, 421–423, 426–427, 440

deictic temporal 4, 11, 102–103, 105–106, 421, 423

deixis 11, 421–422, 435, 442–443, 446

demonstrative determiner 12, 388, 391, 442, 444–445, 452, 461, 464

descriptive function 81–82, 87, 392

determiner 385–386, 388, 391, 442–445

direction of the verb 177, 181–184, 194

directionality 6, 47, 71, 141, 202, 428

discourse deixis435

discourse marker 424, 439

discursive function 4, 81, 87, 90, 96, 387

distal demonstrative 384, 442, 444–445, 460, 463–464

domain 5, 44, 47, 50, 52, 63, 138, 139, 142, 150, 152–161, 164–16, 168, 171–173, 179, 253, 328–330, 334, 337, 363, 373, 378–380, 384, 386, 388, 443, 445

domain of instantiation 58, 62–63

dominant direction 176–177, 183, 187–191, 194

durée 17–19, 25, 31

dynamicity 9, 10, 327, 337, 351–352, 355–356, 382, 401

dynamism 326, 330–334, 336–337, 340–342, 344–346, 348, 363, 368, 371

E

Einstein, Albert 2, 20

embodiment 3, 30, 178, 192, 328

Engels, Friedrich 27–29

entity 162–164

epistemic immediacy 334, 336, 339, 342, 34, 346, 348, 355

epistemic modality 388, 433, 438

epistemic status 56–57, 62, 65, 68–69, 79–80, 82, 97, 90, 92–93, 388, 393–394

event 5–9, 12, 39, 44–45, 48, 50–54, 57–59, 62–64, 67–68, 71, 73, 79–80, 88–89, 114–117, 119, 122, 124–128, 130–132, 135–139, 141–143, 152, 156, 161–167, 170–172, 179, 182, 192, 205, 208, 213–214, 216–217, 230, 241–243, 252, 254, 256, 258, 262, 266, 273–274, 279–282, 284, 290–302, 327, 329, 333–340, 345–346, 351, 353–354, 356, 360–361, 363, 370, 372–374, 389, 395, 400, 418, 423–429, 432–424, 438–439, 442, 444–445, 447–448, 450–452, 460, 463–464

event grounding39

event-based time 5, 114–115, 117, 119, 122, 124–125, 127, 130–131, 137–138, 142–143

event phase291

event phase, pre-incipient 290, 293–295, 300–302

event phase onset 8, 282, 290–295, 297–301

event phase, incipient 8, 282, 284, 286–287, 290–295, 297–298, 300–301

event phase, post-event291

evolution, theory of 16, 20–21, 24–25

existence 3, 39, 47, 57–60, 62–63, 65–66, 71–73, 78–81, 83, 86, 89, 93–94

existential 62, 71, 75, 83–87, 93, 201–202, 206, 208–209, 211, 217–218, 388, 417

expressive meaning 10, 384–385

extension 48, 52, 60–61, 64–66, 80, 109, 151, 358, 364, 374–375, 381, 389, 425–426, 436–437, 443

F

fatalistic model274

fictive motion 6–7, 197, 200, 202–203, 210, 214, 217–218, 220, 273, 361–362, 370

figurative reasoning 8, 279, 281

Figure 6–7, 96–97, 100, 168, 197–199, 201–220, 222, 334, 336, 342, 344, 346, 353–354, 358, 360, 363, 365–367, 369, 371–374, 376, 432

finite verb 4, 83–85, 90, 93, 334, 342, 344, 346, 352, 354–356, 388, 390, 433, 435

focusing 47, 78, 92

Force-dynamic event 50, 53, 57, 62

frame 8–9, 12, 24, 46, 57, 68, 115, 155, 159, 165, 210, 219, 281, 310–311, 313, 315, 319, 326–328, 330, 333, 412, 423, 432–433, 435, 437–440

frame-relative motion 7, 202–205, 206, 209, 219–220

free-form drawing experiment 176–177

functionl motivation 3, 39, 48

future 5, 19, 34, 67–68, 114–116, 139, 141–143, 190–192, 197, 214–216, 254–255, 266, 270, 274, 280, 294–295, 301, 312–313, 339, 341, 345, 404, 409, 416, 425–427, 430–431, 442–444, 446–447, 450, 455–456, 461–463

G

genitive 160, 450, 454, 460

Gide, Andre 284, 288, 307

globalization 32–33

globalization of time 3, 16, 31

grammatical case445

ground 56, 67–68, 79, 81, 88, 328–330, 342, 345, 386, 388, 393

Ground 6–7, 96–97, 168, 197–199, 201, 203–212, 215, 217–220, 279

grounding 3–4, 11, 39, 57–62, 65–71, 78–87, 89–90, 93–94, 327–328, 330, 336, 338, 340–342

grouping 4, 11, 40–42, 45–47, 49, 54, 60, 64, 66, 79, 89–93, 96, 421–422, 428, 440

H

Hansard Corpus 284–290, 294, 298–300, 303–307

hapax 237–238, 359–360, 366–368, 373–374, 379–380

Highsmith, Patricia 284, 288–289, 292, 301, 307

hybrid calendars 5, 114, 122, 130–131

I

Idealized Cognitive Model281

illative 200, 208, 220, 419, 450

image schema 5, 6, 150, 152–157, 160–166, 168, 171–172, 177, 194

immediate scope 44–46, 50, 55–56, 68, 71, 73, 75, 336, 343, 354, 371–372

imperfective 10–11, 226, 228, 230, 281, 294, 297–298, 341, 345, 347, 390, 395–397, 400, 407, 410–411, 418

imperfective aspect 10, 390, 397

inceptive verb construction 8, 279, 282, 284, 290, 295, 297–298, 300–301

Indigenous languages 117, 122

inessive 11, 210, 220, 400, 403, 407, 417, 419, 450

infinitive 9, 11, 181, 198, 220, 326–327, 330–342, 348, 400, 402–403, 405–410, 413, 415, 417–419

information structure 81, 95, 433

Informativeness Heuristic392

inherent temporality 5–6, 10, 150, 156, 164, 167, 176, 191, 351, 353–354, 356, 380

intersubjective function 55, 392

intrinsic temporality 317, 330, 332, 348

J

joint attention 423, 434–435, 444

K

Klee, Paul 33–34

knotted string 135–137

L

layering 41–42, 47, 52–53, 9

levels of metaphor 150, 160

life stages 114, 122–124, 130

linear time 2–3, 7, 16, 18–21, 24, 30–31, 223, 231–232, 241, 243–244, 246, 249–250

localism theory443

M

mapping 5, 114, 115, 138, 150, 153, 158–159, 161, 173, 384–385

Maxim of Quantity292

megablend 169–171

mental scanning 6, 11, 150, 153, 355–356, 421–422, 428, 430, 440

mental space 5, 150, 152–160, 166, 168–169, 171–173, 426

metalinguistic signal435

metaphor 2, 5–7, 17–19, 25, 114–116, 122, 138–139, 142, 150–153, 155–161, 164–167, 169–173, 176, 191, 197–198, 203, 205, 213–214, 217, 219, 223–224, 252, 254–258, 260, 262, 265–267, 269–275, 280–281, 299, 308, 310–312, 321, 329, 375, 405, 407, 443

metonymy 8–9, 11, 114, 122–123, 133, 138, 279, 281, 283–284, 291, 294–296, 292, 299–302, 308–311, 313–320, 322, 421–423, 425–426, 440

micro-construction 252, 264–265, 271, 273, 275

Moon 122, 124–128, 138

motion 3, 5–7, 9, 20–21, 114, 126, 137–139, 141–143, 151, 154, 178–181, 184–185, 187–189, 191, 194, 197–210, 214, 217–220, 223–224, 226, 230, 232, 241–243, 245–249, 253–256, 258, 273, 312, 329, 332, 340, 342, 345–346, 351, 353–354, 361–362, 368–373, 381–382

motion verb 5–6, 114, 139, 178–179, 181, 184–185, 187–189, 194, 197–198, 200–201, 207–208, 217, 226, 232, 247, 249, 255–256, 258, 340

Moving Egosee Moving-Ego

Moving Timesee Moving-Time

Moving-Ego 5–8, 116, 120, 139, 141, 151, 197–199, 203, 213, 214, 219, 252, 254–258, 260–275, 443

Moving-Time 5–7, 116, 120, 139–141, 151, 197–199, 203–204, 211–213, 219, 223–224, 230, 241–243, 246–249, 252, 254–255, 257–258, 260–275, 443

multidimensional scaling 177, 182, 189–190, 194

multi-level view of conceptual metaphor 5, 150, 153, 155–158, 161, 171–173

N

narrative 16, 24, 26–28, 31, 128, 135–136, 283, 288, 290, 296–297, 301, 307, 385, 411–412, 427, 448, 451–453, 460, 462, 464

narrow scope 355, 381

Neanderthal 25–26

negation 63, 82–83, 85, 87, 134, 202, 211, 221

news cycle 310, 313–314, 319–320

Newton, Isaac 20, 329

non-temporal uses 386, 393

O

object 39–40, 42, 48–51, 58–59, 62–64, 71, 78, 85, 89, 160–164, 170–171, 187, 224–225, 234, 244–246, 360, 447–448, 450, 454, 462–463

object (image schema)162

occurrence 49, 54, 59, 62–64, 66–76, 78–85, 87, 89–91, 93, 95–96, 141, 279, 387, 392–393

online news 8–9, 308, 310, 312–315, 319–320, 322, 404

ontological category 162, 353, 360, 369–370, 373, 379–381, 401

ontology370

Out of Africa 24–26

overriding 436–437

P

participial construction 10, 334, 351, 376

participle 9–10, 74–76, 220, 326–327, 330–334, 341–348, 351–353, 355–360, 362–377, 379–381, 390, 404, 407

participle-noun compound351

particle 83, 229, 259, 421–423, 428, 430–431, 433

partitive 201–202, 208, 211–212, 216, 218

past 5–6, 33, 42, 59, 66, 68, 114–116, 139, 141–143, 190, 192, 254–255, 258, 266, 280, 312–313, 396, 425, 436, 442, 448, 455–456, 460, 462–463

past tense 42, 59, 68, 79, 108, 204, 287, 297, 338, 340, 345, 347, 385, 390, 396, 415, 422, 425, 426–427, 444, 463

past tense, French imperfective (imparfait) 297–298, 390, 396

past tense, French passé simple 295–297, 390

path 52, 64, 70, 76–78, 93, 96, 151, 164, 197–198, 210, 213, 216–217, 269, 331, 348, 354–355, 370, 404, 410, 416

path of access 39, 45, 47, 64, 71, 77, 93, 96–97

perception verb 301, 340, 403, 413

perceptual moment329

perfective 9, 226, 228, 230, 281, 296, 334, 340–341, 344–346, 348, 395–396, 411

perfective aspect 10, 341, 397

perfectivity 10, 296, 384

phylocultural complex 16, 21–24, 26

polysemy 4, 11, 102, 179, 359, 406, 418, 424

praesens historicum447

pragmatic inferencing 8, 279

pragmaticalization439

present tense 10–11, 59, 68, 191, 280, 283, 285–286, 301, 338, 340, 352, 385–386, 388–390, 393–397, 402, 425, 455

present time 10, 19, 35, 66–67, 69, 79, 115, 141, 197, 199, 220, 280, 296, 313, 340, 385, 394–395, 442–443, 446–447, 451, 455–456, 459, 462–463

primary metaphor280

primordial event329

processing time 3, 9, 44, 56, 68, 152, 326–329, 332, 348, 370, 423

profiling 50, 55, 72–73, 77–78, 91, 164, 172, 326, 332, 338, 345, 348, 352, 366–369

progressive 10–11, 74–77, 80, 84, 297, 385–386, 390, 393–397, 400–418

proto-statement433

proximal demonstrative 459–460, 462, 464

R

reality model 4, 67, 69, 81, 87, 89–90

reference frame 9, 326–328, 330, 333

reference point 12, 92, 115, 181, 197, 253–254, 328, 330, 344, 370, 421, 423, 426, 433, 435–436, 429

referential scene 423, 426, 435

Russian National Corpus 224–225, 232, 234–235, 240, 244, 246

S

scale (image schema)163

scanning 6, 11, 45–47, 49, 64–65, 71, 74–78, 85, 150, 152, 163–164, 169, 172, 213, 326–327, 329–331, 348, 355–356, 370, 380, 405, 421–422, 428, 430, 440, 463 ; see also sequential scanning; summary scanning

schema 5, 9–10, 48–49, 54–56, 85–86, 139, 141, 150, 152–157, 160–166, 171–172, 177–178, 193–194, 199, 203–212, 214, 217–219, 302, 326–327, 330, 332–334, 336–340, 342, 344–345, 347, 351, 356–357, 359, 366, 371, 381, 386, 397, 405, 409

schemas for visual representation178

schematicity 5, 154–160, 165–166, 170–173, 177–178

schematicity hierarchy 154–157, 159, 164–166, 170–171

scope 44–46, 50, 55–56, 68, 71, 73, 75, 77, 79, 92, 336, 343, 351, 354–360, 362, 365, 368–372, 375–382, 388, 401

seasonal cycles 115, 124

semantic change 4, 102, 439

semantic vector 7, 223–227, 249

semantics 10, 39, 55, 94, 384, 389–390, 442, 451, 459, 464

sequential scanning 71, 74–78, 85, 152, 163–164, 169, 172, 326–327, 370, 405, 463

signed language 106–107

situated simulation 9, 326–327, 332–333, 348

Social Darwinism 18, 21–23

social evolution 2, 16, 21, 24, 30

space-time mappingsee spatio-temporal contiguity

spatial expression 212, 443

spatio-temporal contiguity 114, 116, 423

stance 10, 384, 417

stars and constellations128

stationariness 203, 207, 210

stative construction 400–401, 404

structural/phenomenal knowledge 10, 389, 393–395

submetaphor 155, 255

summary scanning 152, 169, 326, 327, 330–331, 380, 405, 463

Sun 107, 122, 124–127, 138–141

symbol 2–3, 16

symbolization 18, 26, 33, 39, 53, 81

T

temporal adverb 4, 11, 102–104, 120, 215, 226, 229, 421, 423, 427–428, 438–439, 446

temporal configuration 5, 150, 153, 173

temporal indexicalization124

temporal landmarks 5, 115, 122–123, 125, 138

temporal metaphor 18, 114, 205, 217, 260, 262, 266, 267, 269, 272

temporal metonymy114

temporal noun 442, 444–445, 448–450, 452, 456–458, 460, 462, 468

temporal profile 5, 150, 163, 166–167, 169, 171–172, 405, 407

temporal reference 2, 9, 12, 169, 326–328, 330, 344, 389–390, 442–445, 447–448, 450, 452, 455–456, 464

temporal relation 6, 115, 139, 151, 169, 171, 173, 197, 217, 243, 328, 390, 405, 427

temporal slot 167, 169, 173

temporality 1–2, 5–6, 9, 10, 16, 25, 101, 150, 152, 153, 156, 158, 160–161, 164, 166–167, 172–173, 176, 326–334, 336–337, 339, 341–343, 345, 347–348, 351, 353–354, 356, 358, 370, 380–382 ; see also inherent temporality

tense 58–59, 68–70, 79–85, 108, 280, 285–287, 297, 330, 338, 340–342, 345, 385–387, 389–392, 395–397, 423, 425–427, 445–447, 451, 455–456 ; see also past tense, see also present tense

time deixis 423, 446

time expression 442–443, 445, 462–463

time is a resource 7, 223–224, 230–232, 244–247, 249–250

time is space 8, 191, 308, 310–312

time reckoning 114, 120, 122, 131–133, 135–138, 143

time reference 10–11, 254, 266, 421–422, 425, 427, 430, 459, 463

time unit 5, 115, 442, 459–464

timeline 2, 5, 19–22, 25, 31, 33, 114–116, 123, 141–143, 169, 173, 191, 213, 231–232, 255, 311, 407

token 241, 244, 259–260, 262, 266–267, 269, 272, 316–321, 360, 363–364, 366–372, 374, 376–378, 403, 422, 427, 443–444, 447, 459–464

token frequency 360, 366–367, 372, 378

transience 2, 151–152

transitive verb405

transitivity 193, 353

translative 220, 450

U

universality 61, 66–67, 87, 94, 116

V

V(erb) only construction 8, 279, 287, 289–290, 300

verbal construction 77, 337, 381

verb type 90, 179

Verne, Jules 284, 288, 289, 307

vertical axis 19, 42, 151, 178, 191–193, 317

vertical motion178

W

“weekend frame of mind” 311, 313, 319

Z

Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory274