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Article published In: Functions of Language
Vol. 31:2 (2024) ► pp.166–207

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Doing things with grammar

Presupposition accommodation across grammatical categories

ORCiD logo with link | Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies | University of Helsinki
ORCiD logo with link | University of Helsinki
ORCiD logo with link | University of Helsinki | HELSUS | University of Pretoria
Published online: 3 December 2024
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https://doi.org/10.1075/fol.23032.kha
Abstract
This paper studies the way utterances project properties of the interactional context via the choice of grammatical indexicals. Our analysis is an original combination of existing theoretical developments including notions of grammatical indexicality (Silverstein, Michael. 1976. Shifters, linguistic categories and cultural description. In Keith H. Basso & Henry A. Selby (eds.). Meaning in anthropology, 11–55. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar), of the relational structure of indexical reference ( 2014. Foreword. Evidentiality in social interaction. In Janis Nuckolls & Lev Michael (eds.), Evidentiality in interaction, 1–12. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar) and of presupposition accommodation (von Fintel, Kai von. 2008. What is presupposition accommodation, again? Philosophical Perspectives 221. 137–170. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; Heim, Irene. 1982. On the semantics of definite and indefinite noun phrases. Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts at Amherst PhD thesis.; Karttunen, Lauri. 1974. Presuppositions and linguistic context. Theoretical Linguistics 11. 181–194. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar, among others). While Silverstein, Michael. 1976. Shifters, linguistic categories and cultural description. In Keith H. Basso & Henry A. Selby (eds.). Meaning in anthropology, 11–55. Albuquerque, NM: University of New Mexico Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar suggested that different types of grammatical indexicals can be (relatively) context-creating or (relatively) context-presupposing, we argue that presupposition vs creativity is not a property of specific categories, but rather of tokens in a given context and that in natural interaction, they are subject to negotiation. While all indexicals are presupposing, there are two types of uses of pragmatic presupposition involved forming a scale (Mazzarella, Diana & Filippo Domaneschi. 2018. Presuppositional effects and ostensive-inferential communication. Journal of Pragmatics 1381. 17–29. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar; Sbisà, Marina. 1999. Ideology and the persuasive use of presupposition. In Jef Verschueren (ed.), Language and ideology. Selected papers from the 6th International Pragmatics Conference, 492–509. Antwerp: International Pragmatics Association.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar): non-informative (when the presupposition is already part of common ground of the interlocutors) and informative (when the presupposition needs to be accommodated by the addressee). The theoretical analysis is grounded in a discussion of data on evidentiality, egophoricity, pronouns of address, demonstrative reference, and tense and is based on literature review, as well as first-hand recordings of conversations in Wutun (mixed Sinitic language, China) and Mano (Mande, Guinea).
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Analytical frameworks
    • 2.1Linguistic indexicality: Presupposing vs. creative indexicals
    • 2.2Presupposition in indexical reference: Relational structure
    • 2.3Presupposition accommodation
    • 2.4Accommodation of indexical presupposition
  • 3.Accommodating information source: Evidentiality in Upper Napo Kichwa
  • 4.Accommodating solidarity and distancing: Pronouns of address in Russian
  • 5.Accommodating participation: Egophoricity in Wutun
  • 6.Accommodating common knowledge: Recognitional deixis in Mano
  • 7.Accommodating temporal distance: Tense marking in Shambala
  • 8.Summary and discussion
    • 8.1Summary
    • 8.2An alternative analytical framework: Stance
    • 8.3Conclusions and outlook
  • Acknowledgements
  • Notes
  • Abbreviations
  • References
References (129)
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