Article published In: English World-Wide
Vol. 42:1 (2021) ► pp.85–110
Conflicts between World Englishes
Online metalinguistic discourse about Singapore Colloquial English
Published online: 27 January 2021
https://doi.org/10.1075/eww.00061.wan
https://doi.org/10.1075/eww.00061.wan
Abstract
Negative attitudes of non-Singaporeans towards Singapore Colloquial English (SCE) are often used to support the “Speak Good
English Movement” in Singapore. This article examines spontaneous metalinguistic discourse about SCE in an online Facebook group where
Taiwanese migrants in Singapore gather for mutual support. Based on the idea that metalinguistic discourse is mediated through the social
relation between interlocutors, this study reveals how the language ideologies surfacing in the investigated online space are formed through
stance-taking processes between people sharing a nationality. We argue that this spatial context elicits and escalates negative ideologies
of SCE, which are situated in popular hierarchies of varieties of English, and also hierarchies of Mandarin.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Taiwanese migrants in Singapore: Research background
- 3.Data analysis
- 3.1Concepts and methods
- 3.1.1Ethnic enclaves
- 3.1.2Facebook discourse markers
- 3.1.3Stance-taking
- 3.2Metalinguistic comment analysis
- 3.2.1Seeking advice on dealing with SCE
- 3.2.2Having communicative problems with Singaporeans in English
- 3.2.3Sharing Singlish information
- 3.1Concepts and methods
- 4.Discussion
- 5.Conclusion
- Notes
References
References (48)
Alsagoff, Lubna. 2010. “English in Singapore: Culture, Capital and Identity in Linguistic Variation”. World Englishes 291: 336–348.
Ang, Jolene. 2019. “A Friendlier, More Relatable Speak Good English Movement”. The Straits Times August 13, 2019 <[URL]> (accessed July 16, 2020).
Appadurai, Arjun. 1996. Modernity at Large: Cultural Dimensions of Globalization. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Canagarajah, Suresh. 1999. Resisting Linguistic Imperialism in English Teaching. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Chen, Spencer Chao-long. 2015. “Shifting Language Ideologies in Taiwan: The Folk Redefinition of Taiwan Mandarin.” M.A. dissertation, UCLA.
Chew, Hui Min, John Lui, and Lydia Lam. 2017. “Police Say ‘No Criminal Offence Disclosed’ After Questioning Actor Shrey Bhargava Over Ah Boys to Men 4 Facebook Post”. The Straits Times July 24, 2013 <[URL]> (accessed July 16, 2020).
Chiang, Lan-Hung Nora, and Chia-Yuan Huang. 2014. “Young Global Talents on the Move: Taiwanese in Singapore and Hong Kong”. Journal of Population Studies 491: 69–117.
Chong, Rachael Hui-Hui, and Ying-Ying Tan. 2013. “Attitudes Toward Accents of Mandarin in Singapore”. Chinese Language and Discourse 41: 120–140.
Chng, Huang Hoon. 2003. “‘You See Me no up’: Is Singlish a Problem?”. Language Problems and Language Planning 271: 45–62.
Chua, Chee Lay. 2003. “The Emergence of Singapore Mandarin: A Case Study of Language Contact.” Ph.D. dissertation, University of Wisconsin – Madison.
Department of Statistics Singapore. 2015. “Chinese Resident Population by Age Group, Dialect Group and Sex, 2015”. <[URL]> (accessed July 16, 2020)
Du Bois, John W. 2007. “The Stance Triangle”. In Robert Englebretson. ed. Stancetaking in Discourse: Subjectivity, Evaluation, Interaction. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing, 139–182.
Goh, Chok Tong. 1999. Speech by Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong at the Marine Parade National Day Dinner 1999. Singapore: National Archives of Singapore.
. 2000. Speech by Prime Minister Goh Chok Tong at the Launch of the Speak Good English Movement. Singapore: National Archives of Singapore.
Goh, Yeng Seng, and Seok Lai Lim. 2010. “Global Mandarin”. In Viniti Vaish. ed. Globalization of Language and Culture in Asia: The Impact of Globalization Processes on Language. London: Continuum, 14–33.
Hsiau, A-Chin. 1997. “Language Ideology in Taiwan: The KMT’s Language Policy, the Tai-yu Language Movement, and Ethnic Politics”. Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 181: 302–315.
Huang, Chia-Yuan. 2019. “The Unspoken Dilemma of Expat Wives: Gender Roles and Relations within Taiwanese Expatriate Families in Singapore”. Translocal Chinese: East Asian Perspectives 131: 35–56.
Irvine, Judith T., and Susan Gal. 2000. “Language Ideology and Linguistic Differentiation”. In Paul V. Kroskrity. ed. Regimes of Language: Ideologies, Policies, and Identities. Santa Fe: School of American Research Press, 35–84.
Kachru, B. Braj. 1985. “Standards, Codification and Sociolinguistic Realism: The English Language in the Outer Circle”. In Randolph Quirk, and Henry G. Widdowson. eds. English in the World: Teaching and Learning of Language and Literature. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 11–30.
Kang, Yoonhee. 2012. “Singlish or Globish: Multiple Language Ideologies and Global Identities Among Korean Educational Migrants in Singapore”. Journal of Sociolinguistics 161: 165–183.
Khoo, Hui-Lu. 2019. “The Language Attitudes in Post Guoyu Movement Era in Taiwan – A Study of Taiwanese Young People’s Attitudes Towards Five Mandarin Varieties”. Journal of Taiwanese Languages and Literature 14(2): 217–254.
Lin, Chia-Ling. 2010. “Taiwanese Mothers in Singapore: The Migration Experience of Taiwan-Singapore Transnational Families”. Master’s thesis, National Chi Nan University.
Lin, Hsing-Fei. 2014. “Dīxīn nánrěn! Táiláo sānnián zēng shíbèi [Low Salary is Unbearable! “Taiwan Labor” Increased Tenfold in Three Years]”. Common Wealth Magazine. <[URL]> (accessed April 29, 2020).
Mair, Christian. 2013. “The World System of Englishes: Accounting for the Transnational Importance of Mobile and Mediated Vernaculars”. English World-Wide 341: 253–278.
McKay, Sandra Lee. 2013. “Globalization, Localization and Language Attitudes: The Case of ‘Foreign Workers’ in Singapore”. Multilingual Education 3(1): 1–13.
Morgan, Carrie Ann. 2017. “Post-Socialist Language Ideologies in Action: Linking Interview Context and Language Ideology through Stance”. Journal of Sociolinguistics 211: 34–63.
Page, Alexander Gamst. 2019. “Ethnic Enclaves Transcending Space Chinese International Students’ Social Networks in a European University Town”. Asian Ethnicity 201: 418–435.
Park, Joseph Sung-Yul, and Lionel Wee. 2009. “Three Circles Redux: A Market-Theoretic Perspective on World Englishes”. Applied Linguistics 301: 389–406.
Pennycook, Alastair. 2003. “Global Englishes, Rip Slyme, and Performativity”. Journal of Sociolinguistics 71: 513–533.
Rubdy, Rani. 2001. “Creative destruction: Singapore’s Speak Good English Movement”. World Englishes 201: 341–355.
Rubdy, Rani, and Sandra Lee McKay. 2013. “‘Foreign Workers’ in Singapore: Conflicting Discourses, Language Politics and the Negotiation of Immigrant Identities”. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 2221: 157–185.
Schneider, Edgar W. 2003. “The Dynamics of New Englishes: From Identity Construction to Dialect Birth”. Language 791: 233–281.
Starr, Rebecca. L. 2019. “Cross-Dialectal Awareness and Use of the BATH-TRAP Distinction in Singapore: Investigating the Effects of Overseas Travel and Media Consumption”. Journal of English Linguistics 471: 55–88.
Su, Hsi-Yao. 2009. “Reconstructing Taiwanese and Taiwan Guoyu on the Taiwan-based Internet: Playfulness, Stylization, and Politeness”. Journal of Asian Pacific Communication 191: 313–335.
Tan, Amelia. 2013. “Companies Explore New Places to Look for Foreign Labour”. The Straits Times July 24, 2013 <[URL]> (accessed October 3ß, 2020).
Tan, Kenneth Paul. 2004. “Ethnic Representation on Singapore Film and Television”. In Lai Ah Eng. ed. Beyond Rituals and Riots: Ethnic Pluralism and Social Cohesion in Singapore. Singapore: Eastern Universities Press, 289–315.
Velayutham, Selvaraj. 2009. “Everyday Racism in Singapore”. In Amanda Wise and Selvaraj Velayutham. eds. Everyday Multiculturalism. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 255–273.
Wang, Chiawei. 2019. “It Takes Two to Tango: The Dual Functionality of Utterance Final Particles”. Paper presented at Linguistischer Arbeitskreis, University of Cologne.
Cited by (3)
Cited by three other publications
Wan, Tsung‐Lun Alan
Wang, Yining & Jia Li
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 9 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
