Cover not available

Review article published In: Diachronica
Vol. 17:2 (2000) ► pp.389–432

Get fulltext from our e-platform
JBE logo with link
PDF logo with download linkDownload PDF
authorization required
Review article

Review article:Strange bedfellows

Recovering the origins of Black English

Reviewer
 | The University of California, Berkeley
Published online: 22 May 2001
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/dia.17.2.06mcw
References (62)
References
Alleyne, Mervyn. C. 1971. “Acculturation and the cultural matrix of creolization”. Pidginization and Creolization of Languages ed. by Dell Hymes, 169–86. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bailey, Guy, Natalie Maynor, and Patricia Cukor-Avila, eds. 1991. The emergence of Black English. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Baker, Philip. 1990. “Column: Off-target?” Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 51:107–19. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 1999. “Investigating the origin and diffusion of shared features among the Atlantic English Creoles”. St. Kitts and the Atlantic creoles ed. by Philip Baker and Adrienne Bruyn, 315–64. London: University of Westminster Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Baugh, John. 1980. “A reexamination of the Black English copula”. Learning language in time and space, ed. by William Labov, 83–106. New York: Academic Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Bickerton, Derek. 1973. “The nature of a creole continuum”. Language 491:640–9. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 1975. Dynamics of a creole system. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 1996. “The origins of variation in Guyanese”. In Guy, et al., 311–27.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Cassidy, Frederic G. 1980. “The place of Gullah”. American Speech 551: 3–16. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Chaudenson, Robert. 1992. Des îles, des hommes, des langues. Paris: L’Harmattan.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Clements, J. Clancy. 1992. “Elements of resistance in contact-induced language change”. Explanation in historical linguistics ed. by Garry W. Davis and Gregory K. Iverson, 41–58. Amsterdam: Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
DeBose, Charles E. 1996. “Question formation in Samaná English”. Paper presented at the 25th New Ways of Analyzing Variation Conference, Las Vegas, Nev.
DeBose, Charles E. and Nicholas Faraclas. 1993. “An Africanist approach to the linguistic study of Black English: Getting to the roots of the tense-aspect modality and copula systems in Afro-American”. Africanisms in African American Language Varieties ed. by Salikoko S. Mufwene, 364–87. Athens, GA: University of Georgia Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Dillard, J. L. 1972. Black English: Its history and usage in the United States. New York: Random House.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
1992. A history of American English. London: Longman.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
1993. “The relative value of Ex-slave narratives: A discussion of Schneider’s paper”. Africanisms in Afro-American Language Varieties ed. by Salikoko S. Mufwene, 222–31. Athens: University of Georgia Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ewers, Traute. 1996. The origin of American Black English: Be-forms in the HOO-DOO texts. New York: Mouton De Gruyter. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Fasold, Ralph. 1976. “One hundred years from syntax to phonology”. Papers from the Parasession on Diachronic Syntax ed. by Sanford B. Steever, Carol A. Walker and Salikoko S. Mufwene, 79–87. Chicago Linguistics Society.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Geraty, Virginia. 1990. Porgy: A Gullah Version. Charleston: Wyrick & Co.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Guy, Gregory R., Crawford Feagin, Deborah Schiffrin and John Baugh, eds. 1996. Towards a social science of language, Vol. 1: Variation and change in language and society. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Hannah, Dawn. 1996. “Copula absence in Samaná English: Implications for research on the linguistic history of African-American Vernacular English”. American Speech 721: 339–72. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ho, Mian-Lian and John T. Platt. 1993. Dynamics of a contact continuum: Singaporean English. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Holm, John. 1984. “Variability of the copula in Black English and its creole kin”. American Speech 591: 291–309. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Kautzsch, Alexander and Edgar Schneider. 2000. “Differential creolization: Some evidence from earlier African American Vernacular English in South Carolina”. Proceedings of the Degrees of Restructuring in Creole languages Conference, Regensburg, 1998 ed. by Ingrid Neumann-Holzschuh and Edgar Schneider.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Kay, Marvin L. M. and Lorin L. Cary. 1995. Slavery in North Carolina, 1748–1775. Chapel Hill and London: University of North Carolina Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Keesing, Roger. 1988. Melanesian Pidgin and the Oceanic substrate. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Krapp, George P. 1924. “The English of the Negro”. American Mercury 21: 190–195.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Kurath, Hans. 1949. A word geography of the eastern United State. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Labov, William. 1969. “Contraction, deletion, and inherent variability of the English copula”. Language 451: 715–62. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Labov, William, P. Cohen, C. Robins and J. Lewis. 1968. A study of the nonstandard English of Negro and Puerto Rican speakers of New York City. Final Report, Cooperative Research Project No. 3288, United States Office of Education.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Lalla, Barbara and Jean D’Costa. 1990. Language in exile. Tuscaloosa, AL: The University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
McDavid, Raven I., Jr. and Virginia McDavid. 1951. “The relationship of the speech of American Negroes to the speech of Whites”. American Speech 261: 3–17. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 1996. “Looking into the void: Zero copula in the creole mesolect”. American Speech 701: 339–60. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 1998. The Word on the street: Fact and fable about American English. New York: Plenum.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
. 2000. The missing Spanish creoles: Recovering the birth of plantation contact languages. Berkeley: University of California Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Nespor, Marina and Vogel, Irene. 1986. Prosodic phonology. Dordrecht: Foris.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
O’Grady, William, Michael Dobrovolsky and Mark Aronoff. 1997. Contemporary linguistics. New York: St. Martin’s.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Parkvall, Mikael. 1999. “Feature selection and genetic relationships among Atlantic Creoles”. Spreading the word ed. by Magnus Huber and Mikael Parkvall, 29–66. London: University of Westminster Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Poplack, Shana and David Sankoff. 1987. “The Philadelphia story in the Caribbean”. American Speech 621:291–314. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Poplack, Shana and Sali Tagliamonte. 1991. “African-American English in the diaspora: Evidence from old-line Nova Scotians”. Language Variation and Change 31: 301–39. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Rickford, John R. 1977. “The question of prior creolization in Black English”. Pidgin and creole linguistic, ed. by Albert Valdman, 199–221. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
1986. “Social contact and linguistic diffusion: Hiberno-English and New World Black English”. Language 621: 245–90. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
1992. “The creole residue in Barbados”. Old English and new: essays in language and linguistics in honor of Frederic G. Cassidy, ed. by Nick Doane, Joan Hall, and Dick Ringler, 183–201. New York: Garland Publishing, Inc.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
1997. “Prior creolization of AAVE? Sociohistorical and textual evidence from the 17th and 18th centuries”. Journal of Sociolinguistics 11: 315–336. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
1998. “The creole origins of African-American Vernacular English: Evidence from copula absence”. African American English: Structure, history, use ed. by Salikoko Mufwene, John R. Rickford, Guy Bailey and John Baugh, 154–200. London: Routledge.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Schneider, Edgar W. 1989. Earlier American Black English. Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Selkirk, Elizabeth O. 1984. Phonology and syntax: The relation between sound and structure. Cambridge: MIT Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Singler, John V. 1989. “Plural marking in Liberian Standard English, 1829–1980”. American Speech 641: 40–64. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Smitherman, Geneva. 1977. Talkin and testifyin. Detroit: Wayne State University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Stewart, William A. 1967. “Sociolinguistic factors in the history of American Negro dialects”. Florida FL Reporter 51: 11.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Sutcliffe, David. 2001. “The voice of the ancestors: A wealth of new evidence from the 19th and 20th centuries on prior AAVE and creole”. African-American Vernacular English – The State of the Art ed. by Sonja Lanehart. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Trudgill, Peter and Jack Chambers. 1991. “Aspect in English dialects”. Dialects of English, ed. by Peter Trudgill and Jack Chambers, 145–7. London: Longmans.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Ultan, R. 1978. “Some general characteristics of interrogative systems”. Universals of human language (Vol. 41) ed. by Joseph H. Greenberg, 211–48. Palo Alto, CA: Stanford University Press.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Weldon, Tracy. 1996. “Copula variability in Gullah: Implications of the Creolist Hypothesis”. Paper presented at the 25th New Ways of Analyzing Variation conference, Las Vegas, Nev.
Winford, Donald. 1992. “Another look at Black English and Caribbean creoles”. American Speech 671: 21–60. Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Wolfram, Walt and Ralph Fasold. 1974. The study of social dialects in American English. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Wood, Peter. 1974. Black majority. New York: Knopf.Google Scholar logo with link to Google Scholar
Cited by (2)

Cited by two other publications

Sims, Nandi
2024. Verbal -s Variation in Earlier African American English. Journal of English Linguistics 52:3 ► pp. 213 ff. DOI logo
DAVIS, STUART
2003. “IS THIS NEGROISH OR IRISH?” AFRICAN AMERICAN ENGLISH, THE ANTEBELLUM WRITINGS OF FRANCIS LIEBER, AND THE ORIGINS CONTROVERSY. American Speech 78:3 ► pp. 285 ff. DOI logo

This list is based on CrossRef data as of 8 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.

Mobile Menu Logo with link to supplementary files background Layer 1 prag Twitter_Logo_Blue