In:Doing Politics: Discursivity, performativity and mediation in political discourse
Edited by Michael Kranert and Geraldine Horan
[Discourse Approaches to Politics, Society and Culture 80] 2018
► pp. 153–177
Chapter 7A cross-linguistic study of new populist language
Published online: 12 December 2018
https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.80.07lor
https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.80.07lor
Abstract
This paper presents an analysis of the rhetorical strategies of some European and American politicians associated with the inherently ambiguous concept of populism. The theoretical framework adopted combines text linguistics and critical discourse analysis and has an interdisciplinary character. The data analysed demonstrate that populist rhetorical strategies do not differ markedly from those typically employed in political rhetoric. While each populist politician evokes a specific identity narrative to create common ground with the electorate, they all emphasise a profound dualism in society between “us and them” through metaphors, hyperboles, and personifications. This dichotomous view of society is sometimes exploited to send ambivalent messages of potential discrimination.
Article outline
- 1.Introduction
- 2.Language and politics
- 3.What is populism?
- 4.Data and methodology
- 5.Rhetorical strategies in new populist discourse
- 5.1When populism meets laissez-faire: The Tea Party movement and Silvio Berlusconi
- 5.2The people vs. the EU: The narrative of UKIP and Lega Nord
- 5.3Populism 2.0: Podemos and M5S
- Conclusions
Notes References
References (58)
Primary sources
Berlusconi, Silvio. 2013. “End of the Campaign Speech.” 23 March 2013. ([URL]). Accessed 20 June 2016.
Farage, Nigel. 2012. “Speech in Plenary Session of the European Parliament.” 9 May 2012. ([URL]). Accessed 15 June 2016.
. 2015. “Conclusions of the European Council meeting of 17 and 18 December 2015.” ([URL]). Accessed 15 June 2016.
. 2016. “2016 UKIP Spring Conference Speech.” 29 February 2016. ([URL]). Accessed 15 June 2016.
. 2016. “Preparation of the European Council meeting of 17 and 18 March 2016 and outcome of the EU-Turkey Summit.” 9 March 2016. ([URL]). Accessed 15 June 2016.
. 2016. “Speech in Plenary Session of the European Parliament.” 13 April 2016. ([URL]). Accessed 15 June 2016.
Grillo, Beppe. 2012. “M5S Speech.” 12 April 2012. ([URL]). Accessed 18 June 2016.
. 2013. “Warrior Words.” 22 April 2013. ([URL]). Accessed 18 June 2016.
. 2014. “End of the Campaign Speech.” 23 May 2014. ([URL]). Accessed 18 June 2016.
Iglesias, Pablo. 2014. “Speech in Plenary Session of the European Parliament.” 1 July 2014. ([URL]). Accessed 18 June 2016.
. 2015. “Puerta del Sol Speech.” 20 January 2015. ([URL]). Accessed 18 June 2016.
Palin, Sarah. 2016. “Speech for Donald Trump’s Endorsement.” 20 January 2016. ([URL]). Accessed 20 June 2016.
Paul, Rand. 2013. “Tea Party Response to President Obama’s 2013 State of the Union Address.” 12 February 2013. ([URL]). Accessed 20 June 2016.
. 2015. “Presidential Campaign Launch.” 7 April 2015. ([URL]). Accessed 20 June 2016.
Salvini, Matteo. 2015. “Annual Report on Human Rights and Democracy in the World 2014 and the EU Policy on the Matter.” 16 December 2015. ([URL]). Accessed 15 June 2016.
. 2016. “Speech in Support of Stefano Parisi, candidate as Mayor of Milan.” 30 April 2016. ([URL]). Accessed 15 June 2016.
. 2016. “Speech in Plenary Session of the European Parliament.” 10 May 2016. ([URL]). Accessed 15 June 2016.
The Tea Party Website. ([URL]). Accessed 20 June 2016.
Secondary sources
Bordignon, Fabio, and Luigi Ceccarini. 2013. “Five Stars and a Cricket. Beppe Grillo Shakes Italian Politics.” South European Society and Politics 18 (4): 427–449.
Charteris-Black, Jonathan. 2011. Politicians and Rhetoric. The Persuasive Power of Metaphor. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
de Beaugrande, Robert, and Wolfgang U. Dressler. 1981. Introduction to Text Linguistics. London: Longman.
Deignan, Alice, Jeannette Littlemore, and Elena Semino. 2013. Figurative Language, Genre and Register. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Feldman, Jerome. 2006. From Molecule to Metaphor. A Neural Theory of Language. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Fillmore, Charles J. 1977. “Topics in Lexical Semantics.” In Current Issues in Linguistic Theory, ed. by Roger W. Cole, 76–138. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.
1982. “Frame Semantics.” In Linguistics in the Morning Calm, ed. by The Linguistic Society of Korea, 111–137. Seoul, Korea: Hanshin Publishing Company.
Freeden, Michael. 1996. Ideologies and Political Theories: A Conceptual Approach. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Kioupkiolis, Alexandros. 2016. “Podemos: The Ambiguous Promises of Left-wing Populism in Contemporary Spain.” Journal of Political Ideologies 21 (2): 99–120.
Lakoff, George. 1996. Moral Politics. What Conservatives Know that Liberals Don’t. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
. 2004. Don’t Think of an Elephant! Know Your Values and Frame the Debate. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green Publishing.
. 2006. Thinking Points: Communicating Our American Values and Vision: A Progressive’s Handbook. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Lakoff, George, and Mark Johnson. 1980. Metaphors We Live By. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
Lee, Michael J. 2006. “The Populist Chameleon: The People’s Party, Huey Long, George Wallace and the Populist Argumentative Frame.” Quarterly Journal of Speech 92 (4): 355–378.
Lorenzetti, Maria Ivana. 2008. “Text Complexity and Political Discourse.” In Threads in the Complex Fabric of Language. Linguistic and Literary Studies in Honour of Lavinia Merlini Barbaresi, ed. by Marcella Bertuccelli, Antonio Bertacca, and Silvia Bruti, 591–599. Pisa: Felici Editore.
. 2016. “Crafting an Effective Message for the Masses, or the Art of Populism. An Analysis of New Populist Rhetoric from a Textual Perspective.” In The Languages of Politics – La politique et ses languages, ed. by Marta Degani, Paolo Frassi, and Maria Ivana Lorenzetti, 125–157. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
Moffitt, Benjamin. 2016. The Global Rise of Populism. Performance, Political Style, and Representation. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.
Petruck, Miriam. 1997. “Frame Semantics.” In Handbook of Pragmatics, ed. by Jef Verschueren, Jan-Ola Östman, Jan Blommaert, and Chris Bulcaen, 1–13. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Semino, Elena, and Michela Masci. 1996. “Politics is Football: Metaphor in the Discourse of Silvio Berlusconi in Italy.” Discourse & Society 7 (2): 243–269.
Taguieff, Pierre-André. 1995. “Political Science Confronts Populism: From a Conceptual Mirage to a Real Problem.” Telos, 103: 9–43.
Cited by (4)
Cited by four other publications
Lorenzetti, Maria Ivana
Hamdaoui, Soraya
Íñigo-Mora, Isabel & Juan Carlos Frías-Arenas
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 8 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
