In:Identity Struggles: Evidence from workplaces around the world
Edited by Dorien Van De Mieroop and Stephanie Schnurr
[Discourse Approaches to Politics, Society and Culture 69] 2017
► pp. 427–444
Chapter 23‘We’re only here to help’
Identity struggles in foreign domestic helper narratives
Published online: 26 April 2017
https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.69.23lad
https://doi.org/10.1075/dapsac.69.23lad
Abstract
This chapter draws on a large corpus of life stories of foreign domestic helpers (FDHs) in Hong Kong. Narratives were recorded at a church shelter that provides temporary accommodation to domestic workers, and the analyses focus on the identity struggles the women are engaged in. They have to accept an enforced identity as maids, who cannot even claim the right to be respected as human beings, but they are also struggling to claim a positive identity as ‘helpers’ who are in Hong Kong to serve God and their families. The chapter argues that the women’s identity as Christian servants allows them to overcome their hardships. It also argues that scholars need to pay attention to how FDHs label themselves. It considers the women’s testimonies about themselves and it argues that marginalised groups should label themselves in ways that are meaningful to them.
Article outline
- Introduction
- The study
- Theoretical and methodological frameworks
- Data description
- Data analysis
- The subservient helper
- ‘My employer is good!’
- Narrative ‘self’ and ‘other’
- Servants of God
- The help
- Discussion and conclusion
Acknowledgements Notes References Appendix
References (32)
Augoustinos, Martha, Ian Walker, and Ngaire Donaghue. 2014. Social Cognition. An Integrated Introduction (3rd ed.). London: Sage.
Becker, Tabea, and Uta M. Quasthoff. 2004. “Introduction: Different dimensions in the field of narrative interaction.” In Narrative Interaction, ed. by Uta M. Quathoff, and Tabea Becker. 151–167. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Beran, Eszter, and Zsolt Unoka. 2004. “Construction of self-narrative in psychotherapeutic setting.” In Narrative Interaction, ed. by Uta M. Quathoff, and Tabea Becker. 151–167. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Brown, Catrina, and Tod Augusta-Scott (eds.). 2007. Narrative Therapy: Making Meaning, Making Lives. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Chiu, Stephen W. K. 2005. A Stranger in the House: Foreign Domestic Helpers in Hong Kong. Published by the Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies and the Chinese University of Hong Kong.
Constable, Nicole. 2000. “Dolls, t-birds, and ideal workers: The negotiation of Filipino identity in Hong Kong.” In Home and Hegemony: Domestic Service and Identity Politics in South and Southeast Asia, ed. by Kathleen M. Adams, and Sara Dickey, 221–247. Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press.
. 2007. Maid to Order in Hong Kong: Stories of Migrant Workers (2nd ed.). Itacha, NY: Cornell University Press.
. 2014. Born Out of Place. Migrant Mothers and the Politics of International Labor. Hong Kong: Hong Kong University Press.
Duvall, Jim, and Laura Béres. 2007. “Movement of identities: A map for therapeutic conversations about trauma.” In Narrative Therapy: Making Meaning, Making Lives, ed. by Catrina Brown, and Tod Augusta-Scott, 229–259. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Georgakopoulou, Alexandra. 1997. Narrative Performances. A Study of Modern Greek Storytelling. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
Hogg, Michael, and Dominic Abrams. 2003. “Intergroup behaviour and social identity.” In The Sage Handbook of Social Psychology, ed. by Michael Hogg, and Joel M. Cooper, 407–431. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Holmes, Janet. 2006. Gendered Talk at Work: Constructing Gender Identity Through Workplace Discourse. Oxford: Blackwell.
Huang, Shirlina, Peggy Teo, and Brenda S. A. Yeoh. 2000. “Diasporic subjects and identity negotiations: Women in and from Asia.” Women’s Studies International Forum 23, 391–398.
Ladegaard, Hans J. 2011. “Stereotypes and the discursive accomplishment of intergroup differentiation: Talking about ‘the other’ in a global business organization.” Pragmatics 21 (1), 85–109.
2013. “Laughing at adversity: Laughter as communication in domestic helper narratives.” Journal of Language and Social Psychology 32, 390–411.
2016. The Discourse of Powerlessness and Repression: Life Stories of Domestic Migrant Workers in Hong Kong. London: Routledge.
Lai, Ming-yan. 2011. “The present of forgetting: Diasporic identity and migrant domestic workers in Hong Kong.” Social Identities 17 (4), 565–585.
Lan, Pei C. 2006. Global Cinderellas: Migrant Domestics and Newly Rich Employers in Taiwan. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
Lanza, Elizabeth, and Hirut Woldemarian. 2009. “Language ideology and linguistic landscape: Language policy and globalization in a regional capital of Ethiopia.” In Linguistic Landscape: Expanding the Scenery, ed. by Elana Shohamy, and Durk Gorter, 189–205. London: Routledge.
Lin, Angel M. Y. 2008. “The identity game and discursive struggles of everyday life: An introduction.” In Problematizing Identity. Everyday Struggles in Language, Culture, and Education, ed. by Angel M. Y Lin, 1–10. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum.
McInnes, Peter, and Sandra Corlett. 2012. “Conversational identity work in everyday interaction.” Scandinavian Journal of Management 28, 27–38.
Medved, Maria I., and Jens Brockmeier. 2008. “Talking about the unthinkable: Neurotrauma and the ‘catastrophic reaction.’” In Health, Illness and Culture: Broken Narratives, ed. by Lars-Christer Hydén, and Jens Brockmeier, 52–72. New York: Routledge.
Milani, Tommaso M. 2010. “What’s in a name? Language ideology and social differentiation in a Swedish print-mediated debate.” Journal of Sociolinguistics 14 (1), 116–142.
Parreñas, R. S. 2014. “Migrant domestic workers as ‘one of the family.’” In Migration and Care Labour. Theory, Policy and Politics, ed. by Bridget Anderson and Isabel Shutes, 49–64. Houndmills, Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan
Paul, Anju M. 2011. “The ‘other’ looks back: Racial distancing and racial alignment in migrant domestic workers’ stereotypes about white and Chinese employers.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 34 (6), 1068–1087.
Pratt, Geraldine. 2012. Migrant Mothers and the Conflicts of Labor and Love. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Skeggs, Beverly. 2008. “The problem with identity.” In Problematizing Identity. Everyday Struggles in Language, Culture, and Education, ed. by Angel M. Y Lin, 11–34. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Tileaga, Cristian. 2005. “Accounting for extreme prejudice and legitimating blame in talk about Romanis.” Discourse and Society 16, 603–624.
Cited by (5)
Cited by five other publications
Liu, Weiwei, Wenqing Xu, Mimi Li & Guyang Lin
Yu, Yating
Ho, Janet
Ladegaard, Hans J.
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 8 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
