In:Controversies in the Contemporary World
Edited by Adriano Fabris and Giovanni Scarafile
[Controversies 15] 2019
► pp. 69–84
Chapter 4How should we think about a trans-cultural hermeneutics?
A controversy between Wilhelm von Humboldt and Georg Friedrich Hegel
Published online: 7 August 2019
https://doi.org/10.1075/cvs.15.05ach
https://doi.org/10.1075/cvs.15.05ach
Abstract
One of the first modern discussions on untranslatability in philosophy, in particular in relation to Asian philosophy, is the controversy between Georg Wilhelm Hegel and Wilhelm von Humboldt. This controversy began in 1823, with the publication of August Schlegel’s translation from Sanskrit into Latin of the Bhagavad-Gītā, one of the most important poems of Indian culture. This translation generated a strong debate among German intellectuals between 1770 and 1830, not only about the difficulty of philosophical translation, but also about how to develop a trans-cultural hermeneutics. The paper reconstructs the outlines of this debate, by bringing out its inner complexity and showing how many of those problems still remain in the current intercultural debate.
Article outline
- 1.Indomania or the dilemma of translation
- 2.The case of the Bhagavad-Gītā
- 3.The “untranslatable” yoga
Notes References
References (27)
Cassin, B. (Ed.). (2006). Dictionary of Untranslatables. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press.
De Pretto, D. (2011). Oriente assoluto. India, Cina e “mondo buddhista” nell’interpretazione di Hegel. Milano–Udine: Mimesis.
Gipper, H. (1986). Understanding as a Process of Linguistic Approximation: The Discussion Between August Wilhelm von Schlegel, S. A. Langlois, Wilhelm von Humboldt and G. W. F. Hegel on the Translation of the Bhaga- vadgita and the Concept of ‘yoga’. In Th. Bynon, & F. R Palmer (Eds). Studies in the History of Western Linguistics (pp. 109–128). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Goethe, J. W. (1965). West-östlicher Divan, in
Goethe Berliner Ausgabe, hrsg. von S. Seidel: Poetische Werke, Bd. 3. Berlin; Weimar: Aufbau-Verlag.
Hegel, G. W. F. (1827). Rezension: Über die unter dem Namen Bhagavad-Gītā bekannte Episode des Mahābhārata von Wilhelm von Humboldt. Jahrbücher für wissenschaftliche Kritik, nos. 7–8, 181–188, in: Id., Gesammelte Werke, Bd. 16, pp. 19–75; Engl. transl. by Herring, H., in Rathore, A. S. & Mahapatra, R. (Eds). (2017). Hegel’s India. A Reinterpretation, with Texts. (pp. 87–140). New Delhi: Oxford University Press.
Herling, B. L. (2006). The German Gita: Hermeneutics and Discipline in the Early German Reception of Indian Thought (1778–1831). London/New York: Routledge.
Humboldt, W. v. (1968). “Über die Bhagavad-Gita. Mit Bezug auf die Beurtheilung der Schle- gelschen Ausgabe im Pariser Asiatischen Journal”, in Gesammelte Schriften, Vol. V, ed. by A. Leitzmann. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter & Co.; transl. in Gipper (1986).
(1992). Agamemnon, Engl. transl. in Berman, A., The Experience of the Foreign: Culture and Translation in Romantic Germany. New York: SUNY Press.
(1999). On Language: On the Diversity of Human Language Construction and its Influence on the Mental Development of the Human Species, ed. by M. Losonsky, transl. by P. Heath. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
(1986). W. von Humboldt. Sein Leben und Wirken dargestellt in Briefen, Tagebüchern und Dokumenten seiner Zeit, hrsg. von R. Freese, Darmstadt: Wissenschaftliche Buchgesellschaft.
Karyekar, M. Ch. (2014). Hegel and the Latin Bhagavadgītā (1823): A Critique of Understanding and Translating the Foreign, in Federici, F. M. & Tessicini, D. (Eds.). Translators, Interpreters, and Cultural Negotiators Mediating and Communicating Power from the Middle Ages to the Modern Era (pp. 155–172). London/New York: Palgrave MacMillan.
Marchignoli, S. (2000). Che cos’è lo yoga? Traduzione ed egemonia all’origine dell’indologia tedesca in Squarcini, S. (Ed.). Verso l’India oltre l’India: scritti e ricerche sulle tradizioni intellettuali sudasiatische (pp. 87–102). Rome: Mimesis.
Rosenzweig, F. (1984). Zweistromland. Kleinere Schriften zu Glauben und Denken (1926), hrsg. von R. und A. Mayer, in Der Mensch und sein Werk. Gesammelte Schriften, Bd. III. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
Schelling, F. W. J. (1907). Philosophie der Mythologie, in Werke. Bd. 3. Leipzig: Fritz Eckardt Verlag.
Schlegel, A. W. v. (1808). Über die Sprache und Weisheit der Inder. Ein Beitrag zur Begründung der Alterthumskunde. Heidelberg: Mohr u. Zimmer.
Schlegel, A. W. v. (Transl.). (1823). Bhagavad-gita, id est Thespesion Melos sive Almi Krishnae et Arjunae Colloquium de Rebus Divinis, Bharateae Episodium. Bonn: Edward Weber.
Schlegel, F. (1846). Philosophie der Geschichte, in Friedrich von Schlegel’s Saemmtliche Werke, Bd. 13. Wien: Klang.
Schleiermacher, F. (2004). On the different methods of translating (1813), Engl. transl. by S. Bernofsky in L. Venuti (ed.), The Translation Studies Reader (Second Edition), New York: Routledge.
Tholuck, F. A. G. (1825). Blütensammlung aus der morgenländischen Mystik. Berlin: Ferdinand Dümmler.
Cited by (1)
Cited by one other publication
This list is based on CrossRef data as of 8 december 2025. Please note that it may not be complete. Sources presented here have been supplied by the respective publishers. Any errors therein should be reported to them.
