日籍学习者对汉语空间移动事件描述方法之研究

本研究采用了看图写句子的方式考察日籍学习者如何用L2汉语描述空间移动事件。研究结果显示虽然学习者的趋向补语偏误只占4%，学习者的平均趋向补语使用率仅56%，远不如母语者91%的使用率。细部分析学习者的描述方式可发现学习者对处所宾语位置易产生的偏误有自觉，为了避免错误，倾向策略性地回避使用趋向补语。当学习者使用趋向补语的时候，也往往采用不容易产生偏误的简单趋向补语或者“到+目的地”的基本句型。这些语用行为受 L1 的影响相对有限，受L2语内迁移、趋向补语句型复杂度，以及学习者采用的交际策略等因素的影响更大。

This study adopted a picture-cued written task to explore how Japanese learners describe motion events in L2 Chinese. The results showed that although the average rate of learners’ misuse of Chinese directional complements (DCs) was as low as 4%, their overall percentage use of DCs was at 56%, considerably lower than that of Chinese native speakers at 91%. A close analysis of learners’ use of DCs suggested that they strategically adopted different communicative strategies to avoid the use of DCs. When DCs were supplied, they tended to use simple DC structures or the alternative basic “dào + location” pattern. Such linguistic behavior was less affected by L1-to-L2 transfer and had more to do with the factors of intralingual transfer, complexity of the DC structures, and the learners’ choice of communicative strategies.