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Article published In: Cognitive Approaches to Mind, Language, and Society: Theory and description
Edited by Mario Serrano-Losada and Daniela Pettersson-Traba
[Cognitive Linguistic Studies 11:1] 2024
► pp. 99–129

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Figurative language and the social world

Conceptualizing the Covid-19 pandemic through similes

ORCiD logo with link | Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
ORCiD logo with link | Universitat de València
Published online: 6 June 2024
DOI logo with link
https://doi.org/10.1075/cogls.00114.rom
Abstract
The new and shocking situation caused by the Covid-19 pandemic stimulated the analysis of its impact in discourse. Discourse analysts have concentrated on the use of metaphor to create specific conceptualizations of the disease aimed at communicating the events and developments while influencing public opinion. Similes have been given less attention but are equally telling when it comes to the conceptualization of the pandemic. In this paper we analyze a corpus of English and Spanish similes (about 100 examples from each language) where (corona)virus is the target. The examples were searched for on the Internet and cover a two-year period, from March 2020 to February 2022. The sources, mappings, and conceptual domains of the Covid-19 similes are analyzed in order to describe how the pandemic is conceptualized through the use of ‘(corona)virus is like X’ similes. The coronavirus similes are classified according to three main domains, namely, natural forces and disasters, confrontation (including war), and arts and entertainment (including sports). Each domain conceptualizes the situation in different ways (so that citizens are presented as victims, fighters, experiencers, members of a team, etc.). Interestingly, there are many creative similes that cannot be classified into any general well-established domains and can only be accounted for by considering less conventional and more creative, culture-specific frames. The paper also analyzes the use of similes diachronically trying to uncover any evolution patterns in terms of frequency or domains in the two-year period analyzed.
Article outline
  • 1.Introduction
  • 2.Figurative language and the Covid-19 pandemic: A general overview
  • 3.Methodology
  • 4.‘(Corona)virus is like X’: Sources and mappings
    • 4.1Sources
    • 4.2Mappings
  • 5.‘(Corona)virus is like X’: Domains
    • 5.1Confrontation and violence: The war frame
    • 5.2Natural forces and disasters
    • 5.3Arts and entertainment: The sports frame
    • 5.4Non-conventional domains
  • 6.Do similes evolve?
  • 7.Conclusions
  • Notes
  • References
References (44)
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