In:Emancipatory Pragmatics: Innovative approaches to pragmatics incorporating the concept of “ba”
Edited by Yoko Fujii, William F. Hanks, Sachiko Ide, Scott Saft and Kishiko Ueno
[Culture and Language Use 24] 2025
► pp. 381–384
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Index
Available under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives (CC BY-NC-ND) 4.0 license.
For any use beyond this license, please contact the publisher at rights@benjamins.nl.
Published online: 2 December 2025
https://doi.org/10.1075/clu.24.index
https://doi.org/10.1075/clu.24.index
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- 1st person deixis264
A
- ālaya-vijñāna101
- a new pragmatic theory93
- a part of the whole314
- AD/Rs139
- address terms92
- addressee263–264
- addressee honorific form57
- addressee honorifics58, 60
- addressee-honorific expressions147
- addressee-oriented sensitivity150
- addressee-orientedness150
- agent-oriented375
- agent-oriented language69, 376
- agent-oriented language use372
- “agent-oriented” self-construal373
- aida13, 27–28
- aidagara266
- aizuchi181–182
- areal distribution264
- articulation23–26, 28, 53, 105
- autonomous pronominal elements257
B
- ba and basho69
- backchannels134–135
- background knowledge55
- banter208
- ba-based cognition5
- ba-oriented375
- ba-oriented languages4, 376
- ba-oriented language use221, 372
- “ba-oriented” self-construal374
- ba pragmatics41, 44, 60, 307
- ba principle70
- ba-sharing138
- ba theory3, 10, 44, 53, 69–71, 137–138, 171, 176, 221, 230, 232–233, 241, 244–245, 327–328, 330, 334, 338, 341–344, 348, 374–376
- basho12–16, 18, 20, 22, 93, 175, 268, 327, 374
- basho domain45, 175, 311
- basho of absolute nothingness70, 268, 278, 293
- basho self47, 52, 60
- BE-language85
- BECOME-language87
- Benveniste280
- Berg83
- Bergson13–14
- Berque12, 26
- between266
- betweenness27–28
- blood tie311
- boku264
- bond222
- Bourdieu18
- “braid structure” conversation199
- brain stem46
- Brown and Levinson’s politeness behavior58
- Buddhism137, 374
- Buddhist thought71, 267
C
- Cartesian philosophy373
- category251
- cerebrum46
- changes over time255
- Chinese264
- Chinese pairs366
- Chinese philosophy14
- close link between spatial and personal deictics255, 257
- co-construction of a clause357
- co-construction of storylines357
- co-construction of the shared contingent interactive space ba155
- co-dependence54
- cogito44, 46
- cogito selves311
- cognition46
- collaborative speech171
- collective unconscious61
- collectivism263
- common ground55, 163, 165
- complex system14
- connectedness222
- consciousness276
- consensus-building activity350
- context16, 48, 268, 325–328, 330, 341–343
- contextual interdependence268
- continuity of discontinuity277, 293
- conventional meaning253
- conversation analysis55
- co-presence222
- corporeality46, 255
- cross-speaker repetition198
- cultural and collective unconsciousness62
- cultural behavior60
- cultural convention62
- cultural custom60
- cultural diffusion264
- cultural unconscious61
D
- declarative questions354
- declarative statements352
- declarative statements with mitigating expressions353
- deep consciousness61
- deictic demonstrative expressions150
- deictic field268
- deictic spatial expressions260
- deixis20, 54
- demonstratives257
- diachronic level255
- dialogic resonance190
- dialogic syntax190
- different speech act participants261
- direct and synchronous verbal behaviors370
- direct experience48
- direct speech239–243
- direct vs. synchronous verbal behaviors371
- distinction between pronouns and nouns253
- DO-language87
- dual-mode existence model189
- dual-mode of self175
- duality of self375
- duration13
E
- ease222
- Eastern philosophy61
- echo question132–134
- egg model of the self45, 138–139
- ego281
- ego-centric domain175
- “emancipatory” principles348
- embodied linguistic concept250
- empathy198, 304
- emptiness266
- empty sign280
- enactivism271
- English jokes202
- English pairs366
- entrainment176–177
- Euro-American pragmatics373, 375
- European linguistic264
- existential non-separation221
- Expanded Korean O-Corpus (EKO-Corpus)124
F
- field268
- final particle57
- first and second person257
- first person262
- first-person pronoun264, 280
- Fujitani291
- Fukao27–28
- fusion of self and other(s)145
G
- gen266
- gender257
- German pairs366
- “giving” and “receiving”90
- grammatical category of person252
- grammatical conventions165
- grammaticalization122
- grammaticalization of personal pronouns253
- greetings60
- Grice20, 23
- Gumperz60
H
- Hanks53, 70
- Hanks’ ba theory53
- hara-style121
- HAVE-language85
- Hawaiʻi337
- Hawaiian326
- Hawaiian Kingdom328
- Hawaiian language325, 328, 342
- Hawaiian language newspaper326, 329–330, 333
- Hawaiian language radio show326
- Hawaiian newspapers342
- Hawaiian radio show342
- Heisig13, 19
- holistic/situation-focus72
- honorific desu/masu markers200
- humor201
- Husserl53
I
- Ikegami77
- immediate emotional state289
- implicatures20
- improvisation28
- improvisation model52, 317
- improvisational drama model16, 70, 138
- improvised play307
- imputed intention60, 62–63
- incorporation of self and others166
- independent self266
- independent self-construal347
- independent view of self-construal376
- index56
- indexical field250, 268
- indirection28
- individual autonomy373
- individual self220
- individualism263
- induced-fit177
- induced-fit interaction189
- induced-fit utterances170
- inexplicit mention of agency72
- inference20, 26
- intentionality of speech acts63
- interdependence9
- interdependent self266
- interdependent self-construal376
- interdependent view of the self372
- interior15
- interiority15, 50
- internal perspective76, 230, 237, 307, 314
- intersubjectification122, 127
- intersubjective132
- intersubjective relationship266
- intersubjectivity5, 7, 122, 136, 138, 250
- intuition13, 20
- invited inference137
- involvement188
- Islam18
J
- James13–14, 48
- Japanese256, 258
- Japanese grammars265
- Japanese jokes202
- Japanese pairs367
- Japanese personal pronouns81, 260
- Japanese philosophy267
- Japanese pronouns264
- joint attention154–155
- joint construction234, 236
- joking201
- Jungian psychology61
K
- kata ‘pattern’63
- Kido70
- Kimura13, 17, 27, 29
- kin terms263
- konata265
- Korean pairs368
- kyoowa171
L
- language ālaya sense61
- language diversity258
- language play217
- language use according to politeness41
- Language-as-Process theory265
- Latin grammar265
- lexemes referring to “body”256
- limbic system46
- linguistic category250
- linguistic category of person251
- linguistic universal252
- logic of place269
M
- material referent/object265
- merging discourse372, 374
- Merleau-Ponty53
- Minako Ohba72
- Minamoto63
- mirative129
- mirativity129
- mirroring and seeing278, 292
- Mister O Corpus124, 349
- modalities56
- modality expression57, 88
- monozane291
- morphosyntactic category253
- multiple viewpoints229–230, 233, 238
- mutually induced matching60
N
- names263
- Native Hawaiian328–330, 333–334, 336–343
- neocortex46, 60
- nin266
- ningen266
- ninshō daimeishi259
- Nishida18, 23, 27, 48, 69, 93, 276, 374
- nominal origins259
- non-active speech37, 56
- non-separation54, 230, 232, 306
- non-separation of self and other79
- nothingness18, 23
- notion of ba 場267
- nouns that deprecate the self255
- nouns that raise the addressee255
O
- Ojibwe344
- oneness113
- onomatopoeias212
- Open-class Interlocutor Reference264
- ore264
- other-referring vocative310
- Otsuka53, 71
- overlapping repetition362
P
- paradigmatic organization of personal pronouns253
- paradox16
- paradox of self-reference44, 50
- paradoxical painter15
- parts of a whole69, 374
- pattern of behavior63
- Peirce15
- perception46
- peripheral meanings253
- person251
- person category335
- person restriction291
- personal deictics250
- personal deixis250
- personal pronouns252
- personalization262, 264
- phenomenology53, 269
- philosophical pragmatics263
- physical and intuitive perception60
- place266
- “play” frame207
- playful (cross-speaker) repetition203
- polite language use59
- politeness according to wakimae63
- Portuguese and Spanish missionary authors265
- possessive construction335
- possessive forms335, 342–343
- possessive marker336, 338–339, 341
- pragmatic inference156, 163
- pragmatics12
- pragmatics of ba41, 57, 69
- pragmatism13, 29
- predicativism92
- pre-intentional48
- pre-reflexive48
- primary ba3, 53–54, 57, 60, 70, 99, 176, 268, 278, 306, 327–328, 334, 338–339, 342–344
- pronominal imposters254
- pronominal paradigms253
- pronominality scale253
- pronoun substitutes254
- proposing ideas and opinions352
- proposition57
- propositional content57
- prototype251
- prototype theory254
- prototype-oriented approach271
- prototypical features254
- psychic unity281, 292
- pure experience8, 13, 18, 48, 278
Q
- question forms355
- questioning repetition215
R
- realm of the unconscious60
- reference20–21, 26
- referent honorific expressions146
- referential shift82
- reflexivity16, 278
- reification19, 21, 24, 53, 105
- relaying utterances359
- relational being266
- relational nouns158
- relationship270
- relevance1, 25
- repetition188, 360
- repetitious rephrasing187
- Rubin’s Vase277
S
- Sanada60
- Sapir14, 18, 60
- scale of evidentiality270
- Schutz53
- Scottish Gaelic344
- second person262
- secondary ba3, 54, 70, 100, 176, 268, 307, 327–328, 334, 336, 338–339, 342–343
- self327–328, 330, 342
- self-awareness280, 293
- self-centered domain45, 311
- self-construal372
- self-organization46
- self-referential systems279
- self-referring vocative310
- semantic8, 12, 18–19, 28
- sensation aspect of language behavior48
- sentence final particle47, 57
- separation of self from other(s)145
- shifts of the intrapersonal type262, 264
- shimau89
- Shimizu16–17, 44, 70, 374
- Shimomura73, 93
- sign languages256
- situated place266
- situation268
- Snow Country49, 76
- social deixis250
- social pragmatic alternations263
- social space266
- socialization177
- soto59
- SP/Ws138
- space6, 12, 27
- space between people266
- space of communication265
- spacetime27
- spatial deixis255
- speaking as part of the whole41, 48, 293
- speaking subject265
- speech representation239
- stage268
- state of selflessness48
- subject-dominant language283
- subjectification122, 127
- subjectivity122, 136, 138, 249, 264, 281–282
- surface consciousness61
- Suzuki, D. T.53
- system12
T
- -ta121
- task-oriented discourse349
- teasing205
- teasing repetition205
- terms of addressee-reference284
- terms of self-reference284–285
- terms referring to professions or social status259
- Thai256
- Thai pairs368
- the alternative use of the final particles55
- the internal perspective48, 57
- the limbic system60
- the speaker’s attitude and sensation57
- the speaker’s intention and intentional action60
- the structure of consciousness61
- the structure of the self46
- the subconsciousness domain45
- the third ba54
- the two-domains of self56
- the use and non-use of addressee honorifics62
- the wakimae use of language60
- the world of the unconscious61
- theory of politeness37
- thin laughter183
- third-person pronouns257
- titles263
- Tocharian257
- Tokieda74
- two-domain model of the self45, 57, 306, 311
- typical nominal characteristics259
U
- uchi58
- Ueda19, 74
- unconscious realm60
- unconscious speech acts63
- use in discourse253
- use of honorifics37
V
- verbal behavior352
- Vietnamese255
- viewpoint shift229, 236
- vocative8, 301
- voice229, 235–236, 241, 243–244
W
- waga265
- wakimae41, 58, 60, 172, 200, 313
- ware265
- watashi264
- Watsuji17, 26
- weave-braiding metaphor7
- Western individualistic136
- Western linguistics258
- Western philosophy61
- Western pragmatic theories220
- Whorf18–19
- Wierzbicka93, 373
- wŭ lún305
Y
- Yasunari Kawabata49
- yenki (緣起)137
- Yucatec Maya53
Z
- Zen14
- Zeno’s paradox15
- zero quotative241–242, 244
